[0401]《印度时报》预计中国在科技产出方面将取代美国

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===========================================
原文地址：
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/china/China-on-course-to-displace-US-in-scientific-output-Study/articleshow/7816988.cms

China on course to displace US in scientific output: Study
PTI | Mar 29, 2011, 07.50pm IST
研究显示，预计中国在科技产出方面将取代美国
印度报业托拉斯,2011年3月29日，


LONDON: China, the country that invented the compass and the gunpowder, paper and printing, is set to overtake the US in scientific output by 2013, seven years earlier than expected, bringing about a major change in the global scientific landscape.
That is the conclusion of a major new study by the Royal Society, the UK's national science academy.

伦敦：中国曾经发明过指南针、火药、纸和印刷术，现在，他的科技产出被认为将在2013年取代美国的地位。这比早前的预测提前7年，将给世界科技界带来巨大的变化。
英国国家科学院，既皇家科学会在一篇新的研究中作出了上述的结论。

An analysis of published research - one of the key measures of scientific effort - reveals an "especially striking" rise by Chinese science.
The study, Knowledge, Networks and Nations, charts the challenge to the traditional dominance of the United States, Europe and Japan, BBC reported.
The figures are based on the papers published in recognised international journals listed by the Scopus service of the publishers Elsevier.

分析显示，在衡量科技成果的一项关键数据－－科技文章发表量上，中国取得了非常令人吃惊的提升。
这篇名为《知识，网络和国家》的研究列举了在科技方面传统的主导国家，例如美国，欧洲和日本所面临的挑战，bbc报道说。。
本处采用的数据，是根据Elsevier出版社的Scopus数据库所列出的，国际知名期刊中发表的论文数量。

In 1996, the first year of the analysis, the US published 292,513 papers - more than 10 times China's 25,474.
By 2008, the US total had increased slightly to 316,317 while China's had surged more than seven-fold to 184,080.
Previous estimates for the rate of expansion of Chinese science had suggested that China might overtake the US sometime after 2020.

在1996年，进行此类分析的第一年中，美国发表了29万2513篇论文，十倍于中国的2万5474篇。
但在2008年，美国的发表数只轻微的上升为31万6317篇，而中国则激增超过7倍，达到18万4080篇。
此前的估计认为，中国科技以这样的爆炸性增长速度，可能在2020年后的某个时间超过美国。

But this study shows that China, after displacing the UK as the world's second leading producer of research, could go on to overtake America in as little as two years' time.
"Projections vary, but a simple linear interpretation of Elsevier's publishing data suggests that this could take place as early as 2013," it says.

但现在的研究显示，中国在取代英国成为世界科研第二产出国后，最快可能在2年内超过美国。
“虽然预测可能略有不同，但对Elsevier出版数据进行简单的线性数据分析后，中国超越美国最早可能在2013年发生。”报道说。

Professor Sir Chris Llewellyn Smith, chair of the report, said he was "not surprised" by this increase because of China's massive boost to investment in R&D.
Chinese spending has grown by 20 per cent per year since 1999, now reaching over USD 100 billion, and as many as 1.5 million science and engineering students graduated from Chinese universities in 2006.
报告主编,爵士Chris Llewellyn Smith教授说，由于中国在研发方面的巨幅增长，这样的结果“并不令人吃惊”。
自从1999年以来，中国的在研发方面的投入每年增长20％，目前已经超过1000亿美元。2006年，中国有大约150万科学和工程方面的学生从大学毕业。

"I think this is positive, of great benefit, though some might see it as a threat and it does serve as a wake-up call for us not to become complacent," Smith said.
The report stresses that American research output will not decline in absolute terms and raises the possibility of countries like Japan and France rising to meet the Chinese challenge.
"But the potential for China to match American output in terms of sheer numbers in the near to medium term is clear".
Smith说，“虽然很多人可能会认为这是个威胁，但我想这是积极有利的，它能够唤醒我们的进取心，而不是固步自封。”
报告强调，从绝对值来讲美国的科研产出不会发生减少，但像日本和法国这样的国家面临中国挑战的可能性更大。
“但在单纯的数量上，中国肯定是有潜力在中短期赶上美国的科技产出水平。”

The authors describe "dramatic" changes in the global scientific landscape and warn that this has implications for a nation's competitiveness.
作者将这种变化形容为全球科技领域戏剧性的变化，并接警告这种变化将影响全球竞争力。===========================================
  本文仅用于外语翻译训练，请勿用于商业用途
  水品有限，难免有缺陷错误，欢迎指正，谢谢
  往期翻译请参见：http://docin.com/zczfr
===========================================
原文地址：
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/china/China-on-course-to-displace-US-in-scientific-output-Study/articleshow/7816988.cms

China on course to displace US in scientific output: Study
PTI | Mar 29, 2011, 07.50pm IST
研究显示，预计中国在科技产出方面将取代美国
印度报业托拉斯,2011年3月29日，


LONDON: China, the country that invented the compass and the gunpowder, paper and printing, is set to overtake the US in scientific output by 2013, seven years earlier than expected, bringing about a major change in the global scientific landscape.
That is the conclusion of a major new study by the Royal Society, the UK's national science academy.

伦敦：中国曾经发明过指南针、火药、纸和印刷术，现在，他的科技产出被认为将在2013年取代美国的地位。这比早前的预测提前7年，将给世界科技界带来巨大的变化。
英国国家科学院，既皇家科学会在一篇新的研究中作出了上述的结论。

An analysis of published research - one of the key measures of scientific effort - reveals an "especially striking" rise by Chinese science.
The study, Knowledge, Networks and Nations, charts the challenge to the traditional dominance of the United States, Europe and Japan, BBC reported.
The figures are based on the papers published in recognised international journals listed by the Scopus service of the publishers Elsevier.

分析显示，在衡量科技成果的一项关键数据－－科技文章发表量上，中国取得了非常令人吃惊的提升。
这篇名为《知识，网络和国家》的研究列举了在科技方面传统的主导国家，例如美国，欧洲和日本所面临的挑战，bbc报道说。。
本处采用的数据，是根据Elsevier出版社的Scopus数据库所列出的，国际知名期刊中发表的论文数量。

In 1996, the first year of the analysis, the US published 292,513 papers - more than 10 times China's 25,474.
By 2008, the US total had increased slightly to 316,317 while China's had surged more than seven-fold to 184,080.
Previous estimates for the rate of expansion of Chinese science had suggested that China might overtake the US sometime after 2020.

在1996年，进行此类分析的第一年中，美国发表了29万2513篇论文，十倍于中国的2万5474篇。
但在2008年，美国的发表数只轻微的上升为31万6317篇，而中国则激增超过7倍，达到18万4080篇。
此前的估计认为，中国科技以这样的爆炸性增长速度，可能在2020年后的某个时间超过美国。

But this study shows that China, after displacing the UK as the world's second leading producer of research, could go on to overtake America in as little as two years' time.
"Projections vary, but a simple linear interpretation of Elsevier's publishing data suggests that this could take place as early as 2013," it says.

但现在的研究显示，中国在取代英国成为世界科研第二产出国后，最快可能在2年内超过美国。
“虽然预测可能略有不同，但对Elsevier出版数据进行简单的线性数据分析后，中国超越美国最早可能在2013年发生。”报道说。

Professor Sir Chris Llewellyn Smith, chair of the report, said he was "not surprised" by this increase because of China's massive boost to investment in R&D.
Chinese spending has grown by 20 per cent per year since 1999, now reaching over USD 100 billion, and as many as 1.5 million science and engineering students graduated from Chinese universities in 2006.
报告主编,爵士Chris Llewellyn Smith教授说，由于中国在研发方面的巨幅增长，这样的结果“并不令人吃惊”。
自从1999年以来，中国的在研发方面的投入每年增长20％，目前已经超过1000亿美元。2006年，中国有大约150万科学和工程方面的学生从大学毕业。

"I think this is positive, of great benefit, though some might see it as a threat and it does serve as a wake-up call for us not to become complacent," Smith said.
The report stresses that American research output will not decline in absolute terms and raises the possibility of countries like Japan and France rising to meet the Chinese challenge.
"But the potential for China to match American output in terms of sheer numbers in the near to medium term is clear".
Smith说，“虽然很多人可能会认为这是个威胁，但我想这是积极有利的，它能够唤醒我们的进取心，而不是固步自封。”
报告强调，从绝对值来讲美国的科研产出不会发生减少，但像日本和法国这样的国家面临中国挑战的可能性更大。
“但在单纯的数量上，中国肯定是有潜力在中短期赶上美国的科技产出水平。”

The authors describe "dramatic" changes in the global scientific landscape and warn that this has implications for a nation's competitiveness.
作者将这种变化形容为全球科技领域戏剧性的变化，并接警告这种变化将影响全球竞争力。