超级军网超音速冲压反坦克穿甲弹?
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/29 17:33:40
用火药将炮弹加速到一定速度后再启动冲压发动机
射程会不会成倍提高???用火药将炮弹加速到一定速度后再启动冲压发动机
射程会不会成倍提高???
射程会不会成倍提高???用火药将炮弹加速到一定速度后再启动冲压发动机
射程会不会成倍提高???
:D 好注意，在加个制导，无敌了~！:victory:
这图是从ww那k来的,不知道是哪国产品
如果是DDX上的155mm炮的话就不奇怪他为什么能打100km了
如果是DDX上的155mm炮的话就不奇怪他为什么能打100km了
恐怕成本噌噌噌噌地直线往上面窜，到最后发现还不如买高性能反坦克导弹划算
K岛看的？
超燃冲压穿甲弹，美国以前试验的
引用：
美陆军试验超声速燃烧冲压动能坦克弹药
[美国《国防》杂志2003年8月报道] 美国陆军正在试验一种超燃冲压动能坦克弹，这种弹药可以极大地增强未来坦克的杀伤力。
超声速燃烧冲压发动机与通常的喷气发动机一样，燃烧燃料和氧气的混合气体。与传统的发动机不同的是，超声速燃烧冲压发动机没有用于压缩空气的压缩板或其他活动部件。高温气流以4倍声速从进气道进入超声速燃烧冲压发动机，点燃燃料并维持燃烧，所以发动机本身只要有燃料就可以了，不需要单独的氧化剂。
当超燃冲压坦克炮弹被击发后，飞行中产生的推力可以增大其射程或自始至终维持其对目标的穿甲能力。无动力的动能坦克炮弹会由于空气阻力的缘故而使飞行速度降低并失去穿甲能力，而超声速燃烧冲压炮弹可在更长的距离中保持穿甲能力，或使轻型火炮获得与重型火炮同样的打击效果。
今年4～7月间进行的发动机实验室验证飞行试验可能会导致120毫米坦克炮弹在2005年进行实弹发射演示。陆军研究人员认为，超燃冲压动能穿甲弹可以提高各种轻型作战平台的直瞄射击能力。
由于没有活动部件，超燃冲压发动机燃料与压缩的超高温气流以5马赫（现有坦克炮弹的炮口初速）的速度相遇并燃烧。燃料定时燃烧并使弹药按照所需的轨迹飞行，使得坦克炮弹在直瞄射击时能够在更远的距离上保持动能和穿甲能力。此外，超燃冲压发动机还可以提高加农炮弹在间瞄射击时的射程。
超燃冲压发动机技术在反舰导弹和其他平台上也有潜在的应用前景。联合航宇公司获得了美国国防高级研究计划局和海军的小公司创新研究项目合同，将在阿诺德工程技术发展中心的超声速风洞中对超燃冲压发动机进行演示验证。2001年7月的4次发射试验证明，超燃冲压发动机可以在模拟的30000米（100000英尺）高空保持7马赫的飞行速度。
该演示发动机在8个燃烧室中燃烧气态乙烯，工程人员为7马赫的高速飞行（加速度达到了10000G）优化了发动机进气口和燃料喷嘴。陆军的后续工作要求该发动机能够承受主战坦克炮发射时高达60000G的加速度和超声速飞行中的高温，使超燃冲压炮弹能够承受如此大的加速度就要解决材料和设计上的问题。仅仅增大燃烧室的壁厚将减小燃料室的容积和气流速度。高强度材料是制造超燃冲压炮弹的基础。
超燃冲压炮弹将在风洞中以5马赫的速度飞行300米（1000英尺）。如果演示成功，可能导致为未来战斗系统中类似坦克的骑兵战斗系统研制120毫米炮弹。类似的炮弹将用于"斯瑞克"机动火炮系统和"艾布拉姆斯"坦克。
用于实战的超燃冲压炮弹需要固体推进剂推进飞行4千米或更远，而且弹药应是安全、易操纵的，其存放期限应在20年以上。理想的直瞄动能坦克弹药在燃料耗尽后将丢弃其动力部分以减少侵彻部与空气的摩擦。现在的目标是使120毫米弹药能够适用于未来或已有的火炮中。该技术对提高小口径弹药的速度并增强其杀伤性有很大潜力，从而加快携带小口径弹药的轻小型车辆的发展。
超燃冲压穿甲弹，美国以前试验的
引用：
美陆军试验超声速燃烧冲压动能坦克弹药
[美国《国防》杂志2003年8月报道] 美国陆军正在试验一种超燃冲压动能坦克弹，这种弹药可以极大地增强未来坦克的杀伤力。
超声速燃烧冲压发动机与通常的喷气发动机一样，燃烧燃料和氧气的混合气体。与传统的发动机不同的是，超声速燃烧冲压发动机没有用于压缩空气的压缩板或其他活动部件。高温气流以4倍声速从进气道进入超声速燃烧冲压发动机，点燃燃料并维持燃烧，所以发动机本身只要有燃料就可以了，不需要单独的氧化剂。
当超燃冲压坦克炮弹被击发后，飞行中产生的推力可以增大其射程或自始至终维持其对目标的穿甲能力。无动力的动能坦克炮弹会由于空气阻力的缘故而使飞行速度降低并失去穿甲能力，而超声速燃烧冲压炮弹可在更长的距离中保持穿甲能力，或使轻型火炮获得与重型火炮同样的打击效果。
今年4～7月间进行的发动机实验室验证飞行试验可能会导致120毫米坦克炮弹在2005年进行实弹发射演示。陆军研究人员认为，超燃冲压动能穿甲弹可以提高各种轻型作战平台的直瞄射击能力。
由于没有活动部件，超燃冲压发动机燃料与压缩的超高温气流以5马赫（现有坦克炮弹的炮口初速）的速度相遇并燃烧。燃料定时燃烧并使弹药按照所需的轨迹飞行，使得坦克炮弹在直瞄射击时能够在更远的距离上保持动能和穿甲能力。此外，超燃冲压发动机还可以提高加农炮弹在间瞄射击时的射程。
超燃冲压发动机技术在反舰导弹和其他平台上也有潜在的应用前景。联合航宇公司获得了美国国防高级研究计划局和海军的小公司创新研究项目合同，将在阿诺德工程技术发展中心的超声速风洞中对超燃冲压发动机进行演示验证。2001年7月的4次发射试验证明，超燃冲压发动机可以在模拟的30000米（100000英尺）高空保持7马赫的飞行速度。
该演示发动机在8个燃烧室中燃烧气态乙烯，工程人员为7马赫的高速飞行（加速度达到了10000G）优化了发动机进气口和燃料喷嘴。陆军的后续工作要求该发动机能够承受主战坦克炮发射时高达60000G的加速度和超声速飞行中的高温，使超燃冲压炮弹能够承受如此大的加速度就要解决材料和设计上的问题。仅仅增大燃烧室的壁厚将减小燃料室的容积和气流速度。高强度材料是制造超燃冲压炮弹的基础。
超燃冲压炮弹将在风洞中以5马赫的速度飞行300米（1000英尺）。如果演示成功，可能导致为未来战斗系统中类似坦克的骑兵战斗系统研制120毫米炮弹。类似的炮弹将用于"斯瑞克"机动火炮系统和"艾布拉姆斯"坦克。
用于实战的超燃冲压炮弹需要固体推进剂推进飞行4千米或更远，而且弹药应是安全、易操纵的，其存放期限应在20年以上。理想的直瞄动能坦克弹药在燃料耗尽后将丢弃其动力部分以减少侵彻部与空气的摩擦。现在的目标是使120毫米弹药能够适用于未来或已有的火炮中。该技术对提高小口径弹药的速度并增强其杀伤性有很大潜力，从而加快携带小口径弹药的轻小型车辆的发展。
Army Tests Scramjet to Power Kinetic Energy Tank Rounds
by Frank Colucci
The U.S. Army is testing a supersonic projectile that could drastically increase the killing power of future tanks.
The Armaments Research Development and Engineering Center, at Picatinny Arsenal, N.J., will test a supersonic combustion ramjet—scramjet—designed to improve the penetrating power of tank guns.
The scramjet, like common jet engines, burns fuel mixed with compressed atmospheric oxygen. However, unlike traditional jets, the scramjet has no compressor disks or other moving parts to compress the air. Hot air entering the scramjet inlets at four times the speed of sound, ignites the fuel and sustains combustion, so the scramjet itself contains pure fuel without wasting weight and volume of a separate oxidizer.
As it emerges ignited from a cannon barrel, a scramjet-powered tank round could produce thrust in flight to extend its range or sustain its penetrating power all the way to the target.
Compared to unpowered kinetic energy tank rounds that slow down and lose penetrating power to aerodynamic drag, a scramjet powered round could sustain its tank-penetrating power over longer ranges, or enable a smaller, lighter gun to achieve the same result.
Laboratory flight tests of a 101 mm demonstrator engine, scheduled from April to July of this year, may lead to a live-fire demonstration of a 120 mm round in a tank gun by 2005. Army researchers believe a scramjet-powered kinetic energy penetrating round will help give lighter fighting platforms an improved large caliber, direct fire capability.
With no moving parts, the scramjet engine burns fuel with the compressed, superheated air encountered at Mach 5—the muzzle velocity of existing tank guns.
Timing fuel combustion to the desired flight profile makes it possible to sustain the kinetic energy and penetrating power of tank rounds at extended ranges in direct-fire applications. Alternatively, the scramjet could extend the range of cannon rounds for indirect fires.
Unlike rockets, the scramjet wastes no fuel volume carrying oxidizer. “It’s a way to provide more thrust per pound of round,” explains Joe Snyder, aerospace engineer at the ARDEC Advanced Systems Concepts Office.
Accelerated to Mach 5 by the time it leaves the 120 mm gun of the Abrams tank, the standard M829A2 kinetic-energy round uses a finned “dart” to penetrate opposing tank armor and devastate the crew compartment without an explosive warhead. In Operation Desert Storm, one such penetrator reportedly pierced two Iraqi T-72 tanks parked side-by-side. Despite their acknowledged effectiveness, kinetic-energy rounds lose about 100 miles-per-second velocity over 2 kilometers, due to drag.
Since kinetic energy declines with the square of the velocity, armor penetration falls off at extended ranges. A scramjet propelled round could sustain the velocity and penetrating power of a tank gun round all the way to its target.
Oversight for the Picatinny ARDEC is transitioning from the Tank and Automotive Armaments Command to the new Research, Development and Engineering Command, but the center remains the research focal point for gun armament systems.
The ARDEC Advanced Systems Concepts Office broadened a scramjet program initiated by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Office of Naval Research.
Tyrus Cobb, chief of the ASCO requirements analysis division explains, “That’s what we’re all about, looking at futuristic stuff that will enhance our armament applications.”
Scramjet technology has potential applications in anti-ship missiles and other platforms. Allied Aerospace received a contract under the DARPA/Navy Small Business Innovative Research program to demonstrate scramjets in the supersonic wind tunnel at the Arnold Engineering and Development Center at Tullahoma, Tenn.
“We were looking to find a means to test scramjets in flight for lower cost,” explains vice president of engineering Robert Bakos. He notes a gun-launched scramjet could be tested in the 1,000-foot tunnel at the AEDC for a fraction of the cost of a rocket-boosted vehicle.
Four test firings from a 101 mm light gas gun in July 2001 proved a scramjet engine could sustain Mach 7 in thin air at a simulated 100,000-foot altitude. Informal networking by engineers at the Picatinny ASCO and DARPA resulted in a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Allied Aerospace to produce a “gun-hardened” engine for Mach 5 launch at sea level.
The company first demonstrated scramjet technology in 1961 and has worked on the National Aerospace Plane, the Hyper-X, and other hypersonic research applications. Subsonic ramjets transition to supersonic scramjets around Mach 5—five times the speed of sound. Fuel metered into the hypersonic airstream ignites spontaneously. According to Bakos, “What you’re trying to do is control the supersonic flow through the engine, and add heat to it, and make it produce thrust. It’s a delicate balance of many opposing large forces.”
The demonstrator engine burned gaseous ethylene in eight combustion chambers. Engineers optimized the scramjet inlet ducts and fuel injectors for a Mach 7 flight with 10,000 G acceleration. The Army’s follow-on effort refines the design to withstand the 60,000 G load of a main tank gun and the sustained heat of hypersonic flight. “You’re flying very fast with a lot of heat transferred to the vehicle,” observes Bakos. “The vehicle has to sustain those loads without weakening.”
In DARPA tests, the 101 mm (4-inch) diameter titanium demonstrator engine flew 260 feet before it vaporized on impact with the steel plates at the end of the test tunnel. Though the missile shape was aerodynamically unstable, the engine produced thrust throughout its 30-meter flight. “There wasn’t enough time for the projectile to turn over,” says Snyder.
The ARDEC-sponsored demonstration will combine a refined motor with a penetrator, stabilizing fins and discarding sabot designed by Army engineers at Picatinny.
Building a scramjet round able to withstand acceleration forces six times those encountered in the original demonstration presents design and material challenges. Simply thickening the walls between the combustion chambers would reduce fuel volume and air flow. High strength materials are essential to produce a gun-hardened scramjet round. Target throw weight of the engine plus penetrator is 23 pounds. “We’re looking to lighten-up anywhere we can,” says Snyder.
The ARDEC demonstration in the Arnold tunnel calls for two unpowered aerodynamic shapes of a representative mass to validate the important stabilizing fins. Three scramjet-powered rounds will then test the integration of the engine, penetrator and fins. A four-piece composite sabot like that used on standard tank rounds seals the gun tube to capture the pressure from burning launch propellants and increase muzzle velocity, then breaks away in flight.
The powered rounds are expected to travel the full 1,000-foot length of the test tunnel at Mach 5 at sea level (1,700 miles per second). Successful demonstrations may lead to a tactical 120 mm round development program for the Future Combat System’s tank-like mounted combat system. Similar rounds could be incorporated in the Stryker brigade mobile gun system and Abrams tank, officials said. Advanced Systems Concepts Office director Eugene Del Coco, explains, “You can continue to improve the performance of existing weapons systems by adding new munitions and new technology.”
The test engine continues to use gaseous ethylene fuel for its short tunnel flight. A useable scramjet-powered kinetic-energy round would require solid propellant to reach 4 km or more, and to provide a safe, easily-handled round with a shelf life of 20 years or longer. The ARDEC Energetic Materials branch will evaluate alternative fuels for tactical trials, and Allied Aerospace is working with Alliant Tech Systems to identify suitable solid propellants.
The ideal line-of-sight, direct-fire kinetic energy round might discard its motor after fuel burn out to eliminate parasitic drag on the penetrator. While the current goal is a 120 mm round to fit future and existing guns, the technology could potentially boost the velocity and increase the lethality of smaller rounds to support development of smaller guns carried by lighter, more agile vehicles.
by Frank Colucci
The U.S. Army is testing a supersonic projectile that could drastically increase the killing power of future tanks.
The Armaments Research Development and Engineering Center, at Picatinny Arsenal, N.J., will test a supersonic combustion ramjet—scramjet—designed to improve the penetrating power of tank guns.
The scramjet, like common jet engines, burns fuel mixed with compressed atmospheric oxygen. However, unlike traditional jets, the scramjet has no compressor disks or other moving parts to compress the air. Hot air entering the scramjet inlets at four times the speed of sound, ignites the fuel and sustains combustion, so the scramjet itself contains pure fuel without wasting weight and volume of a separate oxidizer.
As it emerges ignited from a cannon barrel, a scramjet-powered tank round could produce thrust in flight to extend its range or sustain its penetrating power all the way to the target.
Compared to unpowered kinetic energy tank rounds that slow down and lose penetrating power to aerodynamic drag, a scramjet powered round could sustain its tank-penetrating power over longer ranges, or enable a smaller, lighter gun to achieve the same result.
Laboratory flight tests of a 101 mm demonstrator engine, scheduled from April to July of this year, may lead to a live-fire demonstration of a 120 mm round in a tank gun by 2005. Army researchers believe a scramjet-powered kinetic energy penetrating round will help give lighter fighting platforms an improved large caliber, direct fire capability.
With no moving parts, the scramjet engine burns fuel with the compressed, superheated air encountered at Mach 5—the muzzle velocity of existing tank guns.
Timing fuel combustion to the desired flight profile makes it possible to sustain the kinetic energy and penetrating power of tank rounds at extended ranges in direct-fire applications. Alternatively, the scramjet could extend the range of cannon rounds for indirect fires.
Unlike rockets, the scramjet wastes no fuel volume carrying oxidizer. “It’s a way to provide more thrust per pound of round,” explains Joe Snyder, aerospace engineer at the ARDEC Advanced Systems Concepts Office.
Accelerated to Mach 5 by the time it leaves the 120 mm gun of the Abrams tank, the standard M829A2 kinetic-energy round uses a finned “dart” to penetrate opposing tank armor and devastate the crew compartment without an explosive warhead. In Operation Desert Storm, one such penetrator reportedly pierced two Iraqi T-72 tanks parked side-by-side. Despite their acknowledged effectiveness, kinetic-energy rounds lose about 100 miles-per-second velocity over 2 kilometers, due to drag.
Since kinetic energy declines with the square of the velocity, armor penetration falls off at extended ranges. A scramjet propelled round could sustain the velocity and penetrating power of a tank gun round all the way to its target.
Oversight for the Picatinny ARDEC is transitioning from the Tank and Automotive Armaments Command to the new Research, Development and Engineering Command, but the center remains the research focal point for gun armament systems.
The ARDEC Advanced Systems Concepts Office broadened a scramjet program initiated by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Office of Naval Research.
Tyrus Cobb, chief of the ASCO requirements analysis division explains, “That’s what we’re all about, looking at futuristic stuff that will enhance our armament applications.”
Scramjet technology has potential applications in anti-ship missiles and other platforms. Allied Aerospace received a contract under the DARPA/Navy Small Business Innovative Research program to demonstrate scramjets in the supersonic wind tunnel at the Arnold Engineering and Development Center at Tullahoma, Tenn.
“We were looking to find a means to test scramjets in flight for lower cost,” explains vice president of engineering Robert Bakos. He notes a gun-launched scramjet could be tested in the 1,000-foot tunnel at the AEDC for a fraction of the cost of a rocket-boosted vehicle.
Four test firings from a 101 mm light gas gun in July 2001 proved a scramjet engine could sustain Mach 7 in thin air at a simulated 100,000-foot altitude. Informal networking by engineers at the Picatinny ASCO and DARPA resulted in a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Allied Aerospace to produce a “gun-hardened” engine for Mach 5 launch at sea level.
The company first demonstrated scramjet technology in 1961 and has worked on the National Aerospace Plane, the Hyper-X, and other hypersonic research applications. Subsonic ramjets transition to supersonic scramjets around Mach 5—five times the speed of sound. Fuel metered into the hypersonic airstream ignites spontaneously. According to Bakos, “What you’re trying to do is control the supersonic flow through the engine, and add heat to it, and make it produce thrust. It’s a delicate balance of many opposing large forces.”
The demonstrator engine burned gaseous ethylene in eight combustion chambers. Engineers optimized the scramjet inlet ducts and fuel injectors for a Mach 7 flight with 10,000 G acceleration. The Army’s follow-on effort refines the design to withstand the 60,000 G load of a main tank gun and the sustained heat of hypersonic flight. “You’re flying very fast with a lot of heat transferred to the vehicle,” observes Bakos. “The vehicle has to sustain those loads without weakening.”
In DARPA tests, the 101 mm (4-inch) diameter titanium demonstrator engine flew 260 feet before it vaporized on impact with the steel plates at the end of the test tunnel. Though the missile shape was aerodynamically unstable, the engine produced thrust throughout its 30-meter flight. “There wasn’t enough time for the projectile to turn over,” says Snyder.
The ARDEC-sponsored demonstration will combine a refined motor with a penetrator, stabilizing fins and discarding sabot designed by Army engineers at Picatinny.
Building a scramjet round able to withstand acceleration forces six times those encountered in the original demonstration presents design and material challenges. Simply thickening the walls between the combustion chambers would reduce fuel volume and air flow. High strength materials are essential to produce a gun-hardened scramjet round. Target throw weight of the engine plus penetrator is 23 pounds. “We’re looking to lighten-up anywhere we can,” says Snyder.
The ARDEC demonstration in the Arnold tunnel calls for two unpowered aerodynamic shapes of a representative mass to validate the important stabilizing fins. Three scramjet-powered rounds will then test the integration of the engine, penetrator and fins. A four-piece composite sabot like that used on standard tank rounds seals the gun tube to capture the pressure from burning launch propellants and increase muzzle velocity, then breaks away in flight.
The powered rounds are expected to travel the full 1,000-foot length of the test tunnel at Mach 5 at sea level (1,700 miles per second). Successful demonstrations may lead to a tactical 120 mm round development program for the Future Combat System’s tank-like mounted combat system. Similar rounds could be incorporated in the Stryker brigade mobile gun system and Abrams tank, officials said. Advanced Systems Concepts Office director Eugene Del Coco, explains, “You can continue to improve the performance of existing weapons systems by adding new munitions and new technology.”
The test engine continues to use gaseous ethylene fuel for its short tunnel flight. A useable scramjet-powered kinetic-energy round would require solid propellant to reach 4 km or more, and to provide a safe, easily-handled round with a shelf life of 20 years or longer. The ARDEC Energetic Materials branch will evaluate alternative fuels for tactical trials, and Allied Aerospace is working with Alliant Tech Systems to identify suitable solid propellants.
The ideal line-of-sight, direct-fire kinetic energy round might discard its motor after fuel burn out to eliminate parasitic drag on the penetrator. While the current goal is a 120 mm round to fit future and existing guns, the technology could potentially boost the velocity and increase the lethality of smaller rounds to support development of smaller guns carried by lighter, more agile vehicles.
然后再澳洲昆士兰大学高超音速动力学研究中心，T4激波风洞试验图片中出现这个
he University of Queensland Centre for Hypersonics
http://www.uq.edu.au/hypersonics/index.html?page=32176
he University of Queensland Centre for Hypersonics
http://www.uq.edu.au/hypersonics/index.html?page=32176
这个成本巨贵吧..
这个....美国人果然有钱.....
成本啊～～～～～～～
不过感觉有点华而不实～～～～～～
不过感觉有点华而不实～～～～～～
看来以后得用鹰击83打M1A2了;P
超音速算个P啊，现在的动能穿甲弹初速随便都有2000M/S
2000m/s只是初速，难道空气没有阻力？而且这个初速也不是随便就达到的