波斯教授:别让恐怖分子界定言论自由的界限

来源:百度文库 编辑:超级军网 时间:2024/04/28 00:20:11
原载:《时代周刊》,链接:http://time.com/author/afshin-ellian/

作者:Afshin Ellian 阿弗辛·伊连,1966年生于伊朗,1979年伊朗伊斯兰革命后流亡,1989年定居荷兰,现为莱顿大学法学院法律学教授,著有《言论自由正遭到攻击》

翻译:乔华莘

"The right to free speech becomes a hollow phrase whenpeople engage in self-censorship out of fear for their lives"
如果人们出于对自身生命的恐惧而自我设限,言论自由就会成为一句空话。”

Theterrorist attack at the cartoon exhibit and contest featuring Muhammad inGarland, Texas, should be seen as an attack on America and the spirit offreedom that it represents.
得克萨斯州嘉兰市穆罕默德漫画竞赛展遇到的恐怖袭击,应该视作是对美国的攻击,也是对它所代表的自由精神的攻击。

Atthis point, I’m not interested in the political agendas of the attendees,including Dutch politician Geert Wilders. Their political motivations areirrelevant. We shouldn’t forget that jihadists recently murdered European Jewsin Brussels and Paris simply for being Jewish, not because they defamed Islam.Terrorists also threaten Muslims who aim to reform Islam. Muslims themselvesare the most direct victims of their extreme co-believers. For example, in theNetherlands, imams who work openly with the government to combat radicalizationare being threatened. In the 1980s, I fled from Iran, and some of my relativeswere executed because they were against the tyranny of the ayatollahs. Even inThe Netherlands, I’ve had to have the protection of bodyguards.
此时此刻,我并不关心参展者的政治动机,其中包括荷兰政治家基尔特·维尔德斯。他们的政治动机与此无关。我们不应忘记的是,圣战斗士最近在布鲁塞尔和巴黎杀害欧洲犹太人,原因仅仅因为他们是犹太人,而不是他们侮辱了伊斯兰。恐怖分子还威胁立志改革伊斯兰的穆斯林。穆斯林本身就是这些极端信徒的直接受害者。例如,在荷兰,公开与政府合作并同极端主义斗争的伊玛目受到威胁。1980年代,我从伊朗逃出,有些亲戚因为反对阿亚图拉派被处决。即使在荷兰,我也不得不找保镖防身。

Whatis important is that the mere possibilityof sharing ideas has been seriously limited due to terrorist attacks.Unfortunately, terrorism works in this way. Terrorists hate freedom. Theirattacks target our culture of equality, religious freedom, freedom ofexpression, and tolerance.
重要的是,连交流思想的可能性都遭到了恐怖袭击的严格限制。很不幸,恐怖主义就是这么起作用的。恐怖分子憎恨自由。他们袭击的目标正是我们文化中的平等、宗教自由、言论自由,还有宽容。

InThe Netherlands, the 4th of May is a day on which we remember those who losttheir lives during World War II. After World War II, Europeans pledged todefend freedom. It’s a dark coincidence that on this year’s 4th of May wewitnessed a terrorist attack at an event dedicated to free speech, where aDutch politician made use of one of his rights: the right to speak freely, evenabout controversial matters. In his brilliant book The Tyranny of Silence, Flemming Rose—whose newspaperpublished the Danish Muhammad cartoons years ago—asks politicians andintellectuals to join a quest for freedom and to offer protection to those wholive under threat. Tyranny can only win when we accept its victory; it takescourage to be free.
在荷兰,5月4日是纪念二战罹难者的日子。二战以后,欧洲一直致力于保护自由。今年的5月4日,我们却目睹了一项以言论自由为主旨的活动遭到恐怖袭击,这是一个黑色的巧合。荷兰政治家在这个活动上行使自己的权利,即可以对有争议的事物畅所欲言。多年前在报纸上以丹麦文刊登穆罕默德漫画的弗莱明·罗斯,在其著作《无声的暴虐》中,请求政治家和知识界共同追求自由,并为受到威胁的人提供保护。暴虐只有我们屈服才能胜利。自由,需要勇气。

Today,some intellectuals and politicians are saying: “Freedom of speech is good,but…” That but is ahuge problem. The only limitations to free speech should be legal ones.Terrorists should never be allowed to create an exception to free speech.
今天,有些知识分子和政治家说:“言论自由是对的,但……”这个“但”字是个大问题。言论自由的唯一界限应该是法律。决不允许恐怖分子在言论自由上制造例外。

Terroristscan’t be allowed to determine the limits of free speech. At the same time,states should combat the adherents of terrorism more effectively. We need aclimate that enables individuals to remove their fears. The right to freespeech becomes a hollow phrase when people engage in self-censorship out offear for their lives. I call on European and American intellectuals toconstitute a committee for the protection of freedom of speech in the Westernworld. It’s not the freedom of intellectuals, politicians, and journalist thatmust be combated but the abuse of freedom by jihadism. Europe and America mustnever be safe havens for jihadism. Security and freedom are closely joined.Whenever a society applies self-censorship out of fear for terrorism, freedomdissipates.
别让恐怖分子界定言论自由的界限。同时,政府也应该更有效地与恐怖主义的追随者进行斗争。我们需要让每个人免于恐惧的氛围。如果人们出于对自身生命的恐惧而自我设限,言论自由就会成为一句空话。我呼吁欧洲和美国的知识分子组成委员会,在西方世界争取对言论自由的保护。应该批判的,不是知识界、政界和新闻界享有的自由,而是圣战组织对自由的滥用。欧洲和美国永远不应成为圣战组织的庇护所。安全与自由息息相关。只要社会因为对恐怖主义的恐惧和自我审查,自由就岌岌可危。

Whydo jihadists fear freedom? They are afraid of allowing curiosity to flourish inIslamic communities. In the West, books are read rather than recited. Jihadistslive in fear on a daily basis that their children, too, will one day startreading books. Once they do, they may turn out to be a cartoonist, the nextRushdie, an Islamic theologian, or even a philosopher.
圣战组织为什么害怕自由?因为他们害怕伊斯兰社会中的求知欲将会随之盛开。在西方,书是用来阅读的,而不是背诵的。圣战斗士无时无刻不处于恐惧之中,他们害怕自己的孩子有一天会开始阅读书籍。而且只要他们一旦开始读书,他们也有可能成为漫画家、另一个拉什迪、伊斯兰神学家,甚至,哲学家。原载:《时代周刊》,链接:http://time.com/author/afshin-ellian/

作者:Afshin Ellian 阿弗辛·伊连,1966年生于伊朗,1979年伊朗伊斯兰革命后流亡,1989年定居荷兰,现为莱顿大学法学院法律学教授,著有《言论自由正遭到攻击》

翻译:乔华莘

"The right to free speech becomes a hollow phrase whenpeople engage in self-censorship out of fear for their lives"
如果人们出于对自身生命的恐惧而自我设限,言论自由就会成为一句空话。”

Theterrorist attack at the cartoon exhibit and contest featuring Muhammad inGarland, Texas, should be seen as an attack on America and the spirit offreedom that it represents.
得克萨斯州嘉兰市穆罕默德漫画竞赛展遇到的恐怖袭击,应该视作是对美国的攻击,也是对它所代表的自由精神的攻击。

Atthis point, I’m not interested in the political agendas of the attendees,including Dutch politician Geert Wilders. Their political motivations areirrelevant. We shouldn’t forget that jihadists recently murdered European Jewsin Brussels and Paris simply for being Jewish, not because they defamed Islam.Terrorists also threaten Muslims who aim to reform Islam. Muslims themselvesare the most direct victims of their extreme co-believers. For example, in theNetherlands, imams who work openly with the government to combat radicalizationare being threatened. In the 1980s, I fled from Iran, and some of my relativeswere executed because they were against the tyranny of the ayatollahs. Even inThe Netherlands, I’ve had to have the protection of bodyguards.
此时此刻,我并不关心参展者的政治动机,其中包括荷兰政治家基尔特·维尔德斯。他们的政治动机与此无关。我们不应忘记的是,圣战斗士最近在布鲁塞尔和巴黎杀害欧洲犹太人,原因仅仅因为他们是犹太人,而不是他们侮辱了伊斯兰。恐怖分子还威胁立志改革伊斯兰的穆斯林。穆斯林本身就是这些极端信徒的直接受害者。例如,在荷兰,公开与政府合作并同极端主义斗争的伊玛目受到威胁。1980年代,我从伊朗逃出,有些亲戚因为反对阿亚图拉派被处决。即使在荷兰,我也不得不找保镖防身。

Whatis important is that the mere possibilityof sharing ideas has been seriously limited due to terrorist attacks.Unfortunately, terrorism works in this way. Terrorists hate freedom. Theirattacks target our culture of equality, religious freedom, freedom ofexpression, and tolerance.
重要的是,连交流思想的可能性都遭到了恐怖袭击的严格限制。很不幸,恐怖主义就是这么起作用的。恐怖分子憎恨自由。他们袭击的目标正是我们文化中的平等、宗教自由、言论自由,还有宽容。

InThe Netherlands, the 4th of May is a day on which we remember those who losttheir lives during World War II. After World War II, Europeans pledged todefend freedom. It’s a dark coincidence that on this year’s 4th of May wewitnessed a terrorist attack at an event dedicated to free speech, where aDutch politician made use of one of his rights: the right to speak freely, evenabout controversial matters. In his brilliant book The Tyranny of Silence, Flemming Rose—whose newspaperpublished the Danish Muhammad cartoons years ago—asks politicians andintellectuals to join a quest for freedom and to offer protection to those wholive under threat. Tyranny can only win when we accept its victory; it takescourage to be free.
在荷兰,5月4日是纪念二战罹难者的日子。二战以后,欧洲一直致力于保护自由。今年的5月4日,我们却目睹了一项以言论自由为主旨的活动遭到恐怖袭击,这是一个黑色的巧合。荷兰政治家在这个活动上行使自己的权利,即可以对有争议的事物畅所欲言。多年前在报纸上以丹麦文刊登穆罕默德漫画的弗莱明·罗斯,在其著作《无声的暴虐》中,请求政治家和知识界共同追求自由,并为受到威胁的人提供保护。暴虐只有我们屈服才能胜利。自由,需要勇气。

Today,some intellectuals and politicians are saying: “Freedom of speech is good,but…” That but is ahuge problem. The only limitations to free speech should be legal ones.Terrorists should never be allowed to create an exception to free speech.
今天,有些知识分子和政治家说:“言论自由是对的,但……”这个“但”字是个大问题。言论自由的唯一界限应该是法律。决不允许恐怖分子在言论自由上制造例外。

Terroristscan’t be allowed to determine the limits of free speech. At the same time,states should combat the adherents of terrorism more effectively. We need aclimate that enables individuals to remove their fears. The right to freespeech becomes a hollow phrase when people engage in self-censorship out offear for their lives. I call on European and American intellectuals toconstitute a committee for the protection of freedom of speech in the Westernworld. It’s not the freedom of intellectuals, politicians, and journalist thatmust be combated but the abuse of freedom by jihadism. Europe and America mustnever be safe havens for jihadism. Security and freedom are closely joined.Whenever a society applies self-censorship out of fear for terrorism, freedomdissipates.
别让恐怖分子界定言论自由的界限。同时,政府也应该更有效地与恐怖主义的追随者进行斗争。我们需要让每个人免于恐惧的氛围。如果人们出于对自身生命的恐惧而自我设限,言论自由就会成为一句空话。我呼吁欧洲和美国的知识分子组成委员会,在西方世界争取对言论自由的保护。应该批判的,不是知识界、政界和新闻界享有的自由,而是圣战组织对自由的滥用。欧洲和美国永远不应成为圣战组织的庇护所。安全与自由息息相关。只要社会因为对恐怖主义的恐惧和自我审查,自由就岌岌可危。

Whydo jihadists fear freedom? They are afraid of allowing curiosity to flourish inIslamic communities. In the West, books are read rather than recited. Jihadistslive in fear on a daily basis that their children, too, will one day startreading books. Once they do, they may turn out to be a cartoonist, the nextRushdie, an Islamic theologian, or even a philosopher.
圣战组织为什么害怕自由?因为他们害怕伊斯兰社会中的求知欲将会随之盛开。在西方,书是用来阅读的,而不是背诵的。圣战斗士无时无刻不处于恐惧之中,他们害怕自己的孩子有一天会开始阅读书籍。而且只要他们一旦开始读书,他们也有可能成为漫画家、另一个拉什迪、伊斯兰神学家,甚至,哲学家。
一旦入教就必须终身是教徒,教徒必须服从神棍的领导,如若不服视为叛教,可以处死。这样的垃圾宗教和邪教有撒区别?还特么要被优待。
支持这位教授。
我们P民支持有什么用。政客眼力我们这样的是刁民是闹事。
比那些绿绿更可恨。
  绿绿把别人的店砸了。马上全省检查。
这是维稳。还是向黑恶势力低头?