印度学者: 中国为什么放弃藏南 而守阿克塞饮 [译] ZT

来源:百度文库 编辑:超级军网 时间:2024/05/06 08:16:17


本文概括:毛主席的大战略眼光放弃藏南只占阿克塞饮是有原因的。我军常年站在制高点上(阿克塞饮地处高原)。如果再有一场中印战争,中国装甲部队可以居高临下,24小时内突破印度防线,打到新德里。而藏南地势平坦,无险可守,接壤的印度又是平地,这样的话印度军队很容易对此地发动进攻。反观中国,如果中国执意要守藏南,ZG的补给很困难,而且很难第一时间集合部队,如果战争打成胶着态势,对中国的经济发展非常的不利。 所以放弃藏南,从阿克塞饮局高临下,那么藏南永远都是中国的刀下肉。更重要的是,当时中国的防守重心在东面的日本,和美国方向,如果与印度发生冲突,那么中国可能出现首尾不能相顾的情况,那样的话,四川,西藏就可能被推到前线,而中国的战略纵深则减少到湖南,湖北一线。所以说中国对西部的战略应该是求稳。

因为ZG占领了阿克塞饮,印度十几年来的军事化努力都用到了防守上面,这严重的影响了印度的经济发展,而中国却得到了相应稳定的发展。阿克塞饮地理位置又离巴基斯坦很近,如果印巴发生冲突,中国也可以从阿克塞饮支援巴基斯坦。这也是为什么印度曾多次提出阿克塞饮领土问题但是中国毫不让步。


作者:迪帕克博士,新德里尼赫鲁大学,中心副教授


  整个印度是内达到中程中国的第二炮兵部队的火力。 说白了,如果有另一轮中国和印度之间的战争,中国的装甲部队可以比运行印度新德里的心脏在24小时内。 然而,停止从中国军队这样做的吗?

  如今很多人维护,它是重要的稳定在中国的周边局势,必须创造中国经济发展的和平与安全的环境,因此,他们在匆忙解决了与印度的边界争端,即使在的,一些领土的利益为代价。 这可能是有益的,但中国经济在短期内为中国的国家安全和经济发展,从长远来看将有严重后果。

  边界问题的解决不能简单地衡量从冲突的角度,但到被观看了这两个国家各自的战略高度,这些领土的所有权是相关的长短期的国家利益和权力的预测和收缩印度和中国。

  目前,中国和印度之间有争议的领土主要是藏南[阿鲁纳恰尔]和达旺在东段和西段的阿克赛钦。 中国拥有阿克赛钦,而印度占领藏南,达旺。 鉴于阿克赛钦是一个高海拔地区,贫瘠和稀缺资源的地方,西藏南部和达旺是一个低洼地区,适宜的气候和特大资源丰富,它是在西藏最肥沃的地区之一。 因此,许多中国人持有的观点,在中印战争后,这是一个巨大的错误,保持与藏南,达旺荒凉的阿克赛钦和部分路程。 正是在这种背景下,在中国,许多人认为,为了解决边界问题,印度必须交出这片领土,即中国放弃阿克赛钦,拿回藏南,达旺。 然而,这些人都无法理解这些几块领土的影响,印度作为一个整体的国家利益。

  东部,西藏南部和达旺虽然资源丰富,但其最大的缺陷是很容易攻击,但难守。 如果留在中国西藏南部边境战争胜利后,达旺,它会呈现在一个极为被动的局面。 藏南,达旺是毗邻的印度平原,印度会很容易地加强其军队反击。 藏南,达旺远离中国大陆,并没有很好地连接到西藏腹地。 因此,它会一直极为困难,为中国在短短的时间内调动大量的部队在这方面。 即使中国举行了其军队的勇气和牺牲为代价的领土,它会被证明是不利于中国在长期运行的国力。 印度是像越南这样的小国不同,它是一个庞大的人口大国。 我们可能会关闭多年的小国家,一个沉重的打击,但印度是不同的情况下。 即使它被击败,它是能够大量军队迅速加强,并卷土重来。 由于藏南,达旺是接近其平原,调兵和物流将容易为印度相比,中国。 一个长期看到与印度在这一地区的战争会严重消耗中国的国力,这也并不符合中国的战略要求。 当时,中国的战略是保卫美国和日本的中国东部,稳定中国西部与中亚,与中国西南地区作为中国的后方阵地。 因此,它是中国的战略要求,以稳定的大后方。 一个旷日持久的战争与印度在这一地区将有很长很长时间的战斗的学科前沿扔在西藏和四川,从而转换成中国前线的后方阵地。 在这种情况下,中国的战略后方,将减少到湖南,湖北,并且将不仅导致长期处于不稳定,但也对中国经济发展的严重影响。 因此,考虑到中国国家整体利益出发,放弃藏南,达旺唤醒f 1962年的胜利的财产,是一个明智之举。

  相反,它是一个天才的举动,以保持阿克赛钦。 虽然阿克赛钦地区的地形是非常荒凉,但很重要的。 它是位于中亚的高地,接近印度的资本和中心城市。 其地缘优势是远远比藏南,达旺。 如果我们说,藏南,达旺是两块肥肉,然后阿克赛钦是中亚的鬼塔,在印度的心脏和尖剑刺伤。 在印度和中国之间的敌对行动的情况下,中国的重型设备的单位可以隆隆通过阿克赛钦,并轻松的印度首都新德里,的情况下运行。 随后席卷孟买等印度经济中心,并再次击败印度。 此外,阿克赛钦是印度和巴基斯坦之间有争议的地区。 中国在印巴战争的情况下,可以有效地支持巴基斯坦和印度之间斯库拉和卡律布狄斯呈现。 因此,阿克赛钦是像一个在印度头上的达摩克利斯之剑悬。 拥有这样一个由中国剑可以很容易地把一个强大的敌人死亡,和印度是意识到这一点,这就是为什么她曾多次要求中国放弃阿克赛钦的。 同样,阿克赛钦是中亚的制高点,俯瞰所有的中亚国家。 中亚国家也可以从这里被驯服。 它可以承受的来自中亚地区的各种力量的渗透。 这是因为中国拥有阿克赛钦,印度已经在防御所有这些年来,不论其军事发展的。 阿克赛钦坚决包含印度,中国西南后方前几十年来,新疆的安全保证。 与此同时,制约了很大的人力和资源,在印度和压扁了它的发展。

  因此,我们必须要看到阿克塞牢记国家整体利益的下巴的价值。 它的价值是比藏南,达旺的价值高得多。 丝毫这里领土比在藏南,达旺的院子里。 为了吃几块脂肪在藏南,达旺,中国将摆脱在阿克赛钦一大堆的肉。 通过控股阿克赛钦,印度已经永远被奴役的中国。 因此,要放弃藏南,达旺和坚决持币观望阿克赛钦实现了一个伟大的人,毛泽东主席的战略眼光。 相反,那些主张放弃阿克赛钦,收复藏南,达旺的人,谁也无法看到超越自己的鼻子。

  有些是在中国以来,随着建设与周边国家的和谐的关系的和平与发展是时代的潮流,因此,阿克赛钦是不相关的,可以放弃。 我相信这些人是太天真了。 在当今世界,即使已成为经济发展与和平主题的时间,但是,这个世界本质上仍然是一个薄弱的地方是强者吞噬的丛林。 各国之间的经济,政治和军事实力的显示单日从未停止。 有没有永远的朋友和敌人,即使是真正的兄弟打时有师在家庭,朋友转向敌人的实例简直太多了。 从与前苏联,阿尔巴尼亚和越南的关系的印象太不可磨灭的。

  因此,国家利益至上的。 在目前有很多人不耐烦了关于解决中印边界问题。 他们的行为不仅危险,而且也不合适。 为了明确这一点,在中印边境目前的现状是对中国极为有利。 包含了几十年的边界问题印度,印度有巨大的资源浪费,而且使中国几十年的和平发展。 只要维持现状是,在未来数十年印度将被迫继续防守,将被迫进一步浪费巨大的人力和国家资源。 同时,巴基斯坦也包含印度,因此,它不可能对印度赶上中国在今后几十年。 中国拥有巨大的战略优势超过印度目前的现状面对面;中国可以很容易地征服印度,印度不会在一个位置,在未来几十年对中国构成真正的威胁。

  因此,应该在我们的脑海中毫无疑问的,至于中印边界问题,中国应该有一个明确的战略优势,在任何给定时间点,每当谈到的战略优势,我们必须不惜任何代价不给它或否则将面临巨大的麻烦。 鉴于此,中国必须考虑以下几点,同时制定其对印度的战略。 1。 阿克赛钦是中国威慑中亚的制高点,它也是印度的一个重要的压力点。 中国绝不能放弃一寸阿克赛钦的土地。 2。 巴基斯坦是在遏制印度的重要力量。 它也是中国控制中亚以及新疆稳定的盾牌的重要桥头堡。 因此,中国必须保护和帮助巴基斯坦。中国拥有巴基斯坦就拥有一个在中亚的立足点。


原文
http://www.c3sindia.org/india/2144

Entire India is within the reach of medium-range firepower of China’s Second Artillery Force. To be blunt, if there is another round of war between China and India, the Chinese armored forces can over run the heart of India [New Delhi] within 24 hours. However, what stops the Chinese army from doing so?

Nowadays many people maintain that it is important to stabilize the situation in China’s surrounding; it is important to create an environment of peace and security for China’s economic development, therefore, they are in a rush to resolve the border dispute with India, even at the expense of some territorial interests. This may be beneficial for Chinese economy in the short run, but will have grave consequences for China’s national security and economic development in the long run.

The resolution of the border issue cannot be simply gauged from the angle of conflict, but has to be viewed from the respective strategic heights of these two countries, for the ownership of these territories is related to the long term national interests and power projections and contractions of India and China.

Presently the disputed territory between China and India is primarily the Southern Tibet [Arunachal] and Tawang in the Eastern Sector and Aksai Chin in the Western Sector. China is in the possession Aksai Chin, while India has occupied Southern Tibet and Tawang. Whereas Aksai Chin is a high altitude, barren and scarce in resources place, Southern Tibet and Tawang is a low-lying region with suitable climate and extraordinarily rich in resources; it is one of the most fertile regions in Tibet. Therefore, many people in China hold the viewpoint that in the wake of the Sino-Indian war, it was a huge mistake to keep the deserted Aksai Chin and part away with the Southern Tibet and Tawang. It is in this context that many in China argue that in order to resolve the border issue India must hand over this territory, i.e. China relinquishes the Aksai Chin and get back Southern Tibet and Tawang. However, these people have failed to understand the impact of these few pieces of territories to the national interests of India as a whole.

Although, Eastern, Southern Tibet and Tawang are rich in resources, but, its biggest flaw is it is easy to attack but hard to defend. Had China retained southern Tibet and Tawang in the wake of border war victory, it would have rendered itself in an extremely passive situation. Southern Tibet and Tawang are adjacent to the Indian plains; India would have easily reinforced its armies for a counter attack. Southern Tibet and Tawang are far from mainland China and not well connected to the Tibetan hinterland. Therefore, it would have been extremely difficult for China to mobilize a large number of troops to this area in a short span of time. Even if China had held to the territories at the expense of its military courage and sacrifice, it would have been proved detrimental to the national strength of China in a long run. India is different from small countries like Vietnam; it is a big nation with huge population. We may shut up small countries for many years with a one-time heavy blow, but India is a different case. Even if it is defeated, it is capable of reinforcing large numbers of troops quickly and stage a comeback. Since Southern Tibet and Tawang are closer to its plains, troop movements and logistics would be easy for India compared to China. A long-term see-saw type war with India in this region would seriously deplete China’s national strength, which also does not conform to China’s strategic requirements. At that time, China’s strategy was to defend eastern China from the US and Japan, and stabilize western China with Central Asia, and the southwest China as the rear front of China. Therefore, it was China’s strategic requirement to stabilize the rear areas. A long drawn war with India in this region would have thrown Tibet and Sichuan in the forefronts of the battle for a long-long time, thus converting the rear fronts of China into the frontlines. In such a scenario, China’s strategic rear, would have reduced to the Hunan and Hubei, and would have not only resulted into long-term instability but would have also seriously impacted on the economic development of China. Therefore, considering overall national interests of China, to give up the possessions of southern Tibet and Tawang in the wake f 1962 victory, was a wise move.

Conversely, it was a genius move to keep Aksai Chin. Although Aksai Chin’s terrain is extremely inhospitable but very important. It is located at the high grounds in Central Asia, close to the capital and central cities of India. Its geographical advantage is far greater than southern Tibet and Tawang. If we say that Southern Tibet and Tawang are two pieces of fat meat, then Aksai Chin is ghost tower of Central Asia, and a pointed sword stabbed at the heart of India. In the event of hostilities between India and China, China’s heavy equipment units could rumble down through the Aksai Chin, and easily run over New Delhi, the Indian capital city. Subsequently sweep across Mumbai etc. India’s economic centers, and defeat India once again. Moreover, Aksai Chin is closer to the disputed area between India and Pakistan. In the event of an India-Pakistan war, China can effectively support Pakistan and render India between Scylla and Charybdis. Therefore, Aksai Chin is like a Damocles sword hanging over India’s head. The possession of such a sword by China can easily put a powerful enemy to death, and India is aware of this, that’s why she has repeatedly asked China to cede Aksai Chin. Similarly, Aksai Chin is a high ground in Central Asia, overlooking all the Central Asian countries. The Central Asian countries could also be tamed from here. It can withstand the infiltration of various forces from Central Asia. It is because of China’s possession of the Aksai Chin that India has been on defensive all these years irrespective of its military development. Aksai Chin has firmly contained India, ensured the southwestern rear front of China and the security of Xinjiang for decades. At the same time, it has constrained a great deal of manpower and resources in India and staved off its development.

Therefore, we have to see the value of Aksai Chin keeping in mind the overall interest of the country. Its value is much higher than the value of Southern Tibet and Tawang. An iota of territory here is more than a yard in the southern Tibet and Tawang. In order to eat a few pieces of fats in Southern Tibet and Tawang, China will shed a whole lot of meat in Aksai Chin. By holding Aksai Chin, India has been perpetually enslaved to China. Therefore, to give up southern Tibet and Tawang and resolutely hold out Aksai Chin realized the strategic vision of a great man, Chairman Mao Zedong. Conversely, those who are advocating giving up Aksai Chin and regaining Southern Tibet and Tawang are people who cannot see beyond their nose.

Some in China are of the view that since peace and development along with building harmonious relations with neighboring countries is the trend of the times, therefore, Aksai Chin is not relevant and could be abandoned. I believe these people are too na239;ve. In today’s world even though the economic development and peace has become the theme of the time, however, this world essentially remains a jungle where weak is devoured by the strong. The show of economic, political and military power amongst the nations have never ceased for a single day. There are no permanent friends and foes, even the real brothers fight when there is division in the family, the instances of friends turning enemies are simply too many. The impression from our ties with former Soviet Union, Albania and Vietnam are too indelible.

Therefore, ones national interests are supreme. At moment there are many people impatient about resolving the Sino-Indian border issue. Their acts are not only dangerous but also inappropriate. To make it clear, the current status quo at of Sino-Indian border is extremely beneficial for China. The boundary problem has contained India for decades; India has wasted huge resources on it, and has enabled China to develop peacefully for decades. As long as the status quo is maintained, over the next few decades India would be forced to remain defensive, would be forced to further waste huge manpower and national resources. At the same time Pakistan is also containing India, therefore, it would be impossible for India to catch up with China in decades to come. China enjoys enormous strategic advantage over India vis-à-vis the current status quo; China can easily subdue India, and India would not be in a position to pose real threat to China in coming decades.

Therefore, there should be no doubts in our minds that as regards the border issue, China should have a clear strategic advantage at any given point in time, and whenever it comes to the strategic advantage, we must not give it up at any cost or else there would be enormous troubles ahead. In the light of this, China must consider the following points while formulating its strategy against India. 1. Aksai Chin is the high ground for China to deter Central Asia; it is also a vital pressure point for India. China must not give up an inch of land in Aksai Chin. 2. Pakistan is an important force in the containment of India. It is also an important bridgehead for China’s control over Central Asia as well as a shield for stability in Xinjiang. Therefore, China must protect and help Pakistan. With Pakistan on our side, China will have a foothold in the Central Asia.

(The writer, Dr. B R Deepak, is Associate Professor in the Centre of Chinese and Southeast Asian Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. )


本文概括:毛主席的大战略眼光放弃藏南只占阿克塞饮是有原因的。我军常年站在制高点上(阿克塞饮地处高原)。如果再有一场中印战争,中国装甲部队可以居高临下,24小时内突破印度防线,打到新德里。而藏南地势平坦,无险可守,接壤的印度又是平地,这样的话印度军队很容易对此地发动进攻。反观中国,如果中国执意要守藏南,ZG的补给很困难,而且很难第一时间集合部队,如果战争打成胶着态势,对中国的经济发展非常的不利。 所以放弃藏南,从阿克塞饮局高临下,那么藏南永远都是中国的刀下肉。更重要的是,当时中国的防守重心在东面的日本,和美国方向,如果与印度发生冲突,那么中国可能出现首尾不能相顾的情况,那样的话,四川,西藏就可能被推到前线,而中国的战略纵深则减少到湖南,湖北一线。所以说中国对西部的战略应该是求稳。

因为ZG占领了阿克塞饮,印度十几年来的军事化努力都用到了防守上面,这严重的影响了印度的经济发展,而中国却得到了相应稳定的发展。阿克塞饮地理位置又离巴基斯坦很近,如果印巴发生冲突,中国也可以从阿克塞饮支援巴基斯坦。这也是为什么印度曾多次提出阿克塞饮领土问题但是中国毫不让步。


作者:迪帕克博士,新德里尼赫鲁大学,中心副教授


  整个印度是内达到中程中国的第二炮兵部队的火力。 说白了,如果有另一轮中国和印度之间的战争,中国的装甲部队可以比运行印度新德里的心脏在24小时内。 然而,停止从中国军队这样做的吗?

  如今很多人维护,它是重要的稳定在中国的周边局势,必须创造中国经济发展的和平与安全的环境,因此,他们在匆忙解决了与印度的边界争端,即使在的,一些领土的利益为代价。 这可能是有益的,但中国经济在短期内为中国的国家安全和经济发展,从长远来看将有严重后果。

  边界问题的解决不能简单地衡量从冲突的角度,但到被观看了这两个国家各自的战略高度,这些领土的所有权是相关的长短期的国家利益和权力的预测和收缩印度和中国。

  目前,中国和印度之间有争议的领土主要是藏南[阿鲁纳恰尔]和达旺在东段和西段的阿克赛钦。 中国拥有阿克赛钦,而印度占领藏南,达旺。 鉴于阿克赛钦是一个高海拔地区,贫瘠和稀缺资源的地方,西藏南部和达旺是一个低洼地区,适宜的气候和特大资源丰富,它是在西藏最肥沃的地区之一。 因此,许多中国人持有的观点,在中印战争后,这是一个巨大的错误,保持与藏南,达旺荒凉的阿克赛钦和部分路程。 正是在这种背景下,在中国,许多人认为,为了解决边界问题,印度必须交出这片领土,即中国放弃阿克赛钦,拿回藏南,达旺。 然而,这些人都无法理解这些几块领土的影响,印度作为一个整体的国家利益。

  东部,西藏南部和达旺虽然资源丰富,但其最大的缺陷是很容易攻击,但难守。 如果留在中国西藏南部边境战争胜利后,达旺,它会呈现在一个极为被动的局面。 藏南,达旺是毗邻的印度平原,印度会很容易地加强其军队反击。 藏南,达旺远离中国大陆,并没有很好地连接到西藏腹地。 因此,它会一直极为困难,为中国在短短的时间内调动大量的部队在这方面。 即使中国举行了其军队的勇气和牺牲为代价的领土,它会被证明是不利于中国在长期运行的国力。 印度是像越南这样的小国不同,它是一个庞大的人口大国。 我们可能会关闭多年的小国家,一个沉重的打击,但印度是不同的情况下。 即使它被击败,它是能够大量军队迅速加强,并卷土重来。 由于藏南,达旺是接近其平原,调兵和物流将容易为印度相比,中国。 一个长期看到与印度在这一地区的战争会严重消耗中国的国力,这也并不符合中国的战略要求。 当时,中国的战略是保卫美国和日本的中国东部,稳定中国西部与中亚,与中国西南地区作为中国的后方阵地。 因此,它是中国的战略要求,以稳定的大后方。 一个旷日持久的战争与印度在这一地区将有很长很长时间的战斗的学科前沿扔在西藏和四川,从而转换成中国前线的后方阵地。 在这种情况下,中国的战略后方,将减少到湖南,湖北,并且将不仅导致长期处于不稳定,但也对中国经济发展的严重影响。 因此,考虑到中国国家整体利益出发,放弃藏南,达旺唤醒f 1962年的胜利的财产,是一个明智之举。

  相反,它是一个天才的举动,以保持阿克赛钦。 虽然阿克赛钦地区的地形是非常荒凉,但很重要的。 它是位于中亚的高地,接近印度的资本和中心城市。 其地缘优势是远远比藏南,达旺。 如果我们说,藏南,达旺是两块肥肉,然后阿克赛钦是中亚的鬼塔,在印度的心脏和尖剑刺伤。 在印度和中国之间的敌对行动的情况下,中国的重型设备的单位可以隆隆通过阿克赛钦,并轻松的印度首都新德里,的情况下运行。 随后席卷孟买等印度经济中心,并再次击败印度。 此外,阿克赛钦是印度和巴基斯坦之间有争议的地区。 中国在印巴战争的情况下,可以有效地支持巴基斯坦和印度之间斯库拉和卡律布狄斯呈现。 因此,阿克赛钦是像一个在印度头上的达摩克利斯之剑悬。 拥有这样一个由中国剑可以很容易地把一个强大的敌人死亡,和印度是意识到这一点,这就是为什么她曾多次要求中国放弃阿克赛钦的。 同样,阿克赛钦是中亚的制高点,俯瞰所有的中亚国家。 中亚国家也可以从这里被驯服。 它可以承受的来自中亚地区的各种力量的渗透。 这是因为中国拥有阿克赛钦,印度已经在防御所有这些年来,不论其军事发展的。 阿克赛钦坚决包含印度,中国西南后方前几十年来,新疆的安全保证。 与此同时,制约了很大的人力和资源,在印度和压扁了它的发展。

  因此,我们必须要看到阿克塞牢记国家整体利益的下巴的价值。 它的价值是比藏南,达旺的价值高得多。 丝毫这里领土比在藏南,达旺的院子里。 为了吃几块脂肪在藏南,达旺,中国将摆脱在阿克赛钦一大堆的肉。 通过控股阿克赛钦,印度已经永远被奴役的中国。 因此,要放弃藏南,达旺和坚决持币观望阿克赛钦实现了一个伟大的人,毛泽东主席的战略眼光。 相反,那些主张放弃阿克赛钦,收复藏南,达旺的人,谁也无法看到超越自己的鼻子。

  有些是在中国以来,随着建设与周边国家的和谐的关系的和平与发展是时代的潮流,因此,阿克赛钦是不相关的,可以放弃。 我相信这些人是太天真了。 在当今世界,即使已成为经济发展与和平主题的时间,但是,这个世界本质上仍然是一个薄弱的地方是强者吞噬的丛林。 各国之间的经济,政治和军事实力的显示单日从未停止。 有没有永远的朋友和敌人,即使是真正的兄弟打时有师在家庭,朋友转向敌人的实例简直太多了。 从与前苏联,阿尔巴尼亚和越南的关系的印象太不可磨灭的。

  因此,国家利益至上的。 在目前有很多人不耐烦了关于解决中印边界问题。 他们的行为不仅危险,而且也不合适。 为了明确这一点,在中印边境目前的现状是对中国极为有利。 包含了几十年的边界问题印度,印度有巨大的资源浪费,而且使中国几十年的和平发展。 只要维持现状是,在未来数十年印度将被迫继续防守,将被迫进一步浪费巨大的人力和国家资源。 同时,巴基斯坦也包含印度,因此,它不可能对印度赶上中国在今后几十年。 中国拥有巨大的战略优势超过印度目前的现状面对面;中国可以很容易地征服印度,印度不会在一个位置,在未来几十年对中国构成真正的威胁。

  因此,应该在我们的脑海中毫无疑问的,至于中印边界问题,中国应该有一个明确的战略优势,在任何给定时间点,每当谈到的战略优势,我们必须不惜任何代价不给它或否则将面临巨大的麻烦。 鉴于此,中国必须考虑以下几点,同时制定其对印度的战略。 1。 阿克赛钦是中国威慑中亚的制高点,它也是印度的一个重要的压力点。 中国绝不能放弃一寸阿克赛钦的土地。 2。 巴基斯坦是在遏制印度的重要力量。 它也是中国控制中亚以及新疆稳定的盾牌的重要桥头堡。 因此,中国必须保护和帮助巴基斯坦。中国拥有巴基斯坦就拥有一个在中亚的立足点。


原文
http://www.c3sindia.org/india/2144

Entire India is within the reach of medium-range firepower of China’s Second Artillery Force. To be blunt, if there is another round of war between China and India, the Chinese armored forces can over run the heart of India [New Delhi] within 24 hours. However, what stops the Chinese army from doing so?

Nowadays many people maintain that it is important to stabilize the situation in China’s surrounding; it is important to create an environment of peace and security for China’s economic development, therefore, they are in a rush to resolve the border dispute with India, even at the expense of some territorial interests. This may be beneficial for Chinese economy in the short run, but will have grave consequences for China’s national security and economic development in the long run.

The resolution of the border issue cannot be simply gauged from the angle of conflict, but has to be viewed from the respective strategic heights of these two countries, for the ownership of these territories is related to the long term national interests and power projections and contractions of India and China.

Presently the disputed territory between China and India is primarily the Southern Tibet [Arunachal] and Tawang in the Eastern Sector and Aksai Chin in the Western Sector. China is in the possession Aksai Chin, while India has occupied Southern Tibet and Tawang. Whereas Aksai Chin is a high altitude, barren and scarce in resources place, Southern Tibet and Tawang is a low-lying region with suitable climate and extraordinarily rich in resources; it is one of the most fertile regions in Tibet. Therefore, many people in China hold the viewpoint that in the wake of the Sino-Indian war, it was a huge mistake to keep the deserted Aksai Chin and part away with the Southern Tibet and Tawang. It is in this context that many in China argue that in order to resolve the border issue India must hand over this territory, i.e. China relinquishes the Aksai Chin and get back Southern Tibet and Tawang. However, these people have failed to understand the impact of these few pieces of territories to the national interests of India as a whole.

Although, Eastern, Southern Tibet and Tawang are rich in resources, but, its biggest flaw is it is easy to attack but hard to defend. Had China retained southern Tibet and Tawang in the wake of border war victory, it would have rendered itself in an extremely passive situation. Southern Tibet and Tawang are adjacent to the Indian plains; India would have easily reinforced its armies for a counter attack. Southern Tibet and Tawang are far from mainland China and not well connected to the Tibetan hinterland. Therefore, it would have been extremely difficult for China to mobilize a large number of troops to this area in a short span of time. Even if China had held to the territories at the expense of its military courage and sacrifice, it would have been proved detrimental to the national strength of China in a long run. India is different from small countries like Vietnam; it is a big nation with huge population. We may shut up small countries for many years with a one-time heavy blow, but India is a different case. Even if it is defeated, it is capable of reinforcing large numbers of troops quickly and stage a comeback. Since Southern Tibet and Tawang are closer to its plains, troop movements and logistics would be easy for India compared to China. A long-term see-saw type war with India in this region would seriously deplete China’s national strength, which also does not conform to China’s strategic requirements. At that time, China’s strategy was to defend eastern China from the US and Japan, and stabilize western China with Central Asia, and the southwest China as the rear front of China. Therefore, it was China’s strategic requirement to stabilize the rear areas. A long drawn war with India in this region would have thrown Tibet and Sichuan in the forefronts of the battle for a long-long time, thus converting the rear fronts of China into the frontlines. In such a scenario, China’s strategic rear, would have reduced to the Hunan and Hubei, and would have not only resulted into long-term instability but would have also seriously impacted on the economic development of China. Therefore, considering overall national interests of China, to give up the possessions of southern Tibet and Tawang in the wake f 1962 victory, was a wise move.

Conversely, it was a genius move to keep Aksai Chin. Although Aksai Chin’s terrain is extremely inhospitable but very important. It is located at the high grounds in Central Asia, close to the capital and central cities of India. Its geographical advantage is far greater than southern Tibet and Tawang. If we say that Southern Tibet and Tawang are two pieces of fat meat, then Aksai Chin is ghost tower of Central Asia, and a pointed sword stabbed at the heart of India. In the event of hostilities between India and China, China’s heavy equipment units could rumble down through the Aksai Chin, and easily run over New Delhi, the Indian capital city. Subsequently sweep across Mumbai etc. India’s economic centers, and defeat India once again. Moreover, Aksai Chin is closer to the disputed area between India and Pakistan. In the event of an India-Pakistan war, China can effectively support Pakistan and render India between Scylla and Charybdis. Therefore, Aksai Chin is like a Damocles sword hanging over India’s head. The possession of such a sword by China can easily put a powerful enemy to death, and India is aware of this, that’s why she has repeatedly asked China to cede Aksai Chin. Similarly, Aksai Chin is a high ground in Central Asia, overlooking all the Central Asian countries. The Central Asian countries could also be tamed from here. It can withstand the infiltration of various forces from Central Asia. It is because of China’s possession of the Aksai Chin that India has been on defensive all these years irrespective of its military development. Aksai Chin has firmly contained India, ensured the southwestern rear front of China and the security of Xinjiang for decades. At the same time, it has constrained a great deal of manpower and resources in India and staved off its development.

Therefore, we have to see the value of Aksai Chin keeping in mind the overall interest of the country. Its value is much higher than the value of Southern Tibet and Tawang. An iota of territory here is more than a yard in the southern Tibet and Tawang. In order to eat a few pieces of fats in Southern Tibet and Tawang, China will shed a whole lot of meat in Aksai Chin. By holding Aksai Chin, India has been perpetually enslaved to China. Therefore, to give up southern Tibet and Tawang and resolutely hold out Aksai Chin realized the strategic vision of a great man, Chairman Mao Zedong. Conversely, those who are advocating giving up Aksai Chin and regaining Southern Tibet and Tawang are people who cannot see beyond their nose.

Some in China are of the view that since peace and development along with building harmonious relations with neighboring countries is the trend of the times, therefore, Aksai Chin is not relevant and could be abandoned. I believe these people are too na239;ve. In today’s world even though the economic development and peace has become the theme of the time, however, this world essentially remains a jungle where weak is devoured by the strong. The show of economic, political and military power amongst the nations have never ceased for a single day. There are no permanent friends and foes, even the real brothers fight when there is division in the family, the instances of friends turning enemies are simply too many. The impression from our ties with former Soviet Union, Albania and Vietnam are too indelible.

Therefore, ones national interests are supreme. At moment there are many people impatient about resolving the Sino-Indian border issue. Their acts are not only dangerous but also inappropriate. To make it clear, the current status quo at of Sino-Indian border is extremely beneficial for China. The boundary problem has contained India for decades; India has wasted huge resources on it, and has enabled China to develop peacefully for decades. As long as the status quo is maintained, over the next few decades India would be forced to remain defensive, would be forced to further waste huge manpower and national resources. At the same time Pakistan is also containing India, therefore, it would be impossible for India to catch up with China in decades to come. China enjoys enormous strategic advantage over India vis-à-vis the current status quo; China can easily subdue India, and India would not be in a position to pose real threat to China in coming decades.

Therefore, there should be no doubts in our minds that as regards the border issue, China should have a clear strategic advantage at any given point in time, and whenever it comes to the strategic advantage, we must not give it up at any cost or else there would be enormous troubles ahead. In the light of this, China must consider the following points while formulating its strategy against India. 1. Aksai Chin is the high ground for China to deter Central Asia; it is also a vital pressure point for India. China must not give up an inch of land in Aksai Chin. 2. Pakistan is an important force in the containment of India. It is also an important bridgehead for China’s control over Central Asia as well as a shield for stability in Xinjiang. Therefore, China must protect and help Pakistan. With Pakistan on our side, China will have a foothold in the Central Asia.

(The writer, Dr. B R Deepak, is Associate Professor in the Centre of Chinese and Southeast Asian Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. )
翻译软件译的么?
好像看到神ID了
I believe these people are too na239;ve. In
这是嘛呀?
这是神翻译的吧,看不懂啊。
我赞成这位学者的观点
看见ID跑进来的
“藏南地势平坦”
天啊!
这翻译神了!
貌似在软件翻译基础上修正了一下,还好,能看
文章不错
这不是三哥吧、、、三哥不是要直捣北京、上海的吗?


我恨翻译机,给我英文看得了。

我恨翻译机,给我英文看得了。
这个翻译看得我很蛋疼
此文是达芬奇家具,产于国内,翻到国外,结果又翻回来了
你直接谷歌的么 晕
这都大致了解吧!就是心里有点不舒服吧!
看看,想想。
这英文好像是从中文翻过去的。里面好多内容,称呼中国时用“我们”。
翻译看的蛋疼
扯蛋。1951年解放军进军西藏高原时,达旺等地已经是印度控制了。难道还能再开辟第二战场与印度较量
这翻译蛋疼。
今天怎么清醒了,教主药不能停啊
百度了一下,兔子在我心目中的腹黑度 又上升了不止一个点
看得蛋疼……
用翻译软件翻的中文就别发了/
中国装甲部队可以居高临下,24小时内突破印度防线,打到新德里。

他们就这么没自信阿
翻译的真够糟的
放屁!


西里古里葫芦口仅10余公里宽 孟加拉湾 ,  呵呵 ! 早晚包饺子。

西里古里葫芦口仅10余公里宽 孟加拉湾 ,  呵呵 ! 早晚包饺子。
藏南、达旺的补给困难一直都存在,所以才会出现能占而不占的结果
这篇文章写得不错
都是胡扯,从阿克塞钦打到新德里根本不可能,都是雪山冰川,重装备根本过不去。当年这里是补给阿里的咽喉要道,从拉萨到阿里基本无路可通,所以要死守这里,保证阿里那么一大片的地盘。另外就是印度人上来和我们打也太难了,冬天封山,过不来,我们反而没问题。藏南我们正好相反
教主,药不能停
谷歌翻译~看着蛋疼。。。。
我认真地看了一下地图,发现阿克塞钦距新德里的距离虽然比藏南距新德里近得多,但是阿克塞钦和新德里这间还隔着印控克什米尔,并不是中国边境距新德里最近的地方,但是守住阿克塞,对于保护我们的新藏公路至关重要。所以从战略角度上看,阿克塞的战略地位还是十分重要的
软件翻译的看的真难受
ligand 发表于 2011-11-22 10:44
扯蛋。1951年解放军进军西藏高原时,达旺等地已经是印度控制了。难道还能再开辟第二战场与印度较量
从管理角度,其实解放军进藏之前,整个西藏都是印度人受控制的.因为阿三是英国的仆人.
所以阿三总想着西藏都应该是印度的.其实就是条看门狗,可笑的是主子被赶跑了,它还认为自己就是宅子的主人.孰不知那宅子的是他主子强行霸占的.
藏南关键是难守.在那里长期驻军并与阿三消耗代价太大,60年代的中国是耗不起的,这事关国运和国本.
不知道是不是看着地图写的文章

其实本质就是夸一下老毛
只能说,这个印度学者的个人观点吧。
还是直接看英文吧。
虽然翻的有点乱,但是中心思想很明确,从战略上来讲阿克赛钦的确比藏南更有价值。