超级军网2010年4月5号--萨留特老总专访--M2-M3
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/27 06:45:27
In aircraft engine building consolidation has occurred rapidly, and the key difference from other industries is that Motorostroiteli retained two large, vertically integrated structure. On-going projects and pragmatic public policy correspondent AviaPort "says CEO FGUP Moscow Machine Building Production Association" Salute "Yury Eliseev.
- MMPP "Salut" in the first half of the 2000's was one of the most profitable enterprises of aircraft engines. However, the fall of the dollar, the rising cost of materials and components have set the plant in a difficult financial position. What are the indicators of plant completed in 2009?
- As you know, before 2000 "Salute" was virtually monocultural now, we produced one or two types of engines, the AL-21 Su-24 and F-15B-300 for the MiG-25. Then he learned the engine for the Su-27 and gradually withdrew from the first production F-15B-300, and then the AL-21. Today, the nomenclature of the plant Salyut increased many times. This is primarily the AL-31FM-1, upgraded engine. On arms already stands regiment of Su-27SM with these engines, for 2010-2011 have orders for planes with new engines. Designed Salyut engine for the Chinese J-10 aircraft to date has brought the company nearly $ 1 billion in revenue, this engine has justified the creation of its own KB on the "Salute". In addition, increased the number of repaired motors. Together with the Ukrainian Bureau "Progress" and OJSC "Motor Sich" on an equal footing, fifty-fifty, do AI-222 engine on the Yak-130. Assembly, testing and delivery in the RF Air Force has "Salute". Our company has actively participated in the creation and production of motor for the AN-148, commercial sales of which increased: in 2009 we passed the "Motor Sich" 12 sets in the plans for 2010 - no less than 30 sets.
An extremely important area of diversification is the ground component, we are working on power plants, plants for desalination and ozonation of drinking water. This is a very promising trend. In the past year was placed on two Eletskii CHP installation of 20 MW, three sets were sent to Nigeria, now there is mounting.
- And if assessed in monetary terms, as increased revenues?
- In 2009, we implemented the product for more than 16 billion rubles. In 2008 it was 11,6 billion We have increased the supply in almost all indicators: by new engines, repairs and spare parts.
- In 2010, some expected the volume of supplies?
- We plan to overcome the bar on commodity production in 21 billion rubles in prices of 2009. And that's not counting the Omsk plant them. Baranov and other enterprises which are part of an integrated structure "Salute".
- What percentage of the volume of sales accounted for defense procurement?
- Of the 16 billion level last year, the state defense order is 3,1 billion rubles. If you count - it is 20%, whereas two or three years ago, the state defense order amounted to no more than 3-5% of total revenues.
- And export?
- Consider this: 20% - a state defense order, another 10% - ground subjects and consumer goods, and civil products. Accordingly, exports - about 70%.
- According to the forecast for 2010 balance will be?
- Do not undergo drastic changes, although small, are planning to increase the share of civilian products. But in general, diversification of production continues, and we will seek to ensure that military and civil products were roughly in the ratio 50:50. We intend to achieve by the year 2014-2015.
In the civil category, we have chosen for themselves several directions: first of all energy, the installation for the gasification of carbonaceous materials, including garbage. Such a device we have, we received a sustained process of gasification. I think that in 2011 will begin commercial production. The other direction - plants for desalination of sea water. According to forecasts, by 2015, more than two thirds of the land will be within the acute shortage of drinking water, so that these settings will be very relevant. The first contract to supply desalination plants was signed with Saudi Arabia. We believe that the demand for these products will grow exponentially.
- When you signed a contract with Saudi Arabia?
- In November of 2009. While put two installations, but today the market of the Middle East desalination plants is estimated at $ 5 to $ 7 billion a year. This is at the level of Russian military-technical cooperation. However, the market is busy, there are the French, and Americans and Italians. But our setting the number of energy expended to get a ton of desalinated water, the quality of desalination, the cost of one ton of desalinated water has all chances to find its niche.
- When the delivery time?
- October 2010.
- Were you able to reduce production costs?
- Increasing production capacity by more than 30% we have reduced power consumption, heat, gas at an average of 20%. Unfortunately, while energy prices for the year rose at the same 20%! That is, we reduce complexity, reduce energy consumption, moving to many places to work in two shifts ... but the rise in energy prices can not be compensated only by internal events.
But at the state level, decisions are not sufficiently effective, and it clearly shows the situation with prices on alloys. I believe that there was a real diversion! None of that, all of a sudden started to sell nickel inside the country at the London Stock Exchange. Moreover, these metallurgists usually buy electricity and gas for export and not even on the domestic and at a reduced internal prices, increases in the prices alloys, and automatically tanks, aircraft, engines - all become more expensive. And the Anti-Monopoly Service has a very strange decision from the standpoint of the economy. Given that Electrostal one mill stood, they were allowed from June to September increased by 30% of sales prices. As a result, it turned out, what to bring from France to Moscow high-pressure turbine disks, and other accessories cheaper than suburbs.
- In 2009 you made a profit?
- If you take only the productive activities in our country and in 2008 was but limited, but the profit - about 140 million rubles, while taking into account the exchange rate difference was recorded loss 1.68 billion rubles. This year we plan to gain about 600 million, and that in view of exchange rate differences. And this despite the fact that in 2008 we had total liabilities 17 billion rubles in sales volume 11.6 billion rubles. In 2009, even when sales 16.3 billion debt was 15 billion rubles. At the end of 2010 we plan to sales at 20 billion rubles, while the debt if the dollar continues, in the area 14-14,5 billion rubles. And further, I am confident that everything will be better and better.
Of course, it is important that financial indicators rectified, but some blood is given? For example, for the year we did not buy a single machine, do not raise wages, as planned. Previously, for a sufficiently long period, we actively updated equipment, up to a billion rubles a year invested in the machines. Developed and produced the first pyatikoordinatnye machines, which can in a single setup to grind, mill, drill, hollow splined, threaded, and finally obmeryat components with a diameter up to 1800 mm and a length of up to four meters. This year, introduce into trial operation shestikoordinatny machine machining center. Mastered the production of an entire range of Gear Grinding equipment. As a result, depreciation of fixed assets was reduced from 67% to 41%, but now again began aging assets.
The same thing happened with the cost of R & D: if a few years ago we were up to one billion rubles invested in the development, without receiving from the budget virtually a penny, but now the volume of investments by the minimum. True, we were able to show that we are something can do. As a result - in 2010 began to receive substantial budget funds for critical technologies for both military and civil topics.
In fairness we must admit that quite a large burden upon us help Omsk plant them. Baranova (Production Association). Omsk plant was virtually bankrupt: for volume production in the region of 600 million rubles debts amounted to some $ 3 billion of debt, more than half of them - in the budget and salary and staffing levels - 5 thousand. As a result in 2009 production volume increased to 2 billion rubles, while the number - up to 7,5 thousand employees. However, the "Salute" is a cost of more than $ 1,5 billion rubles. And we understand that over the next two or three or even four years it would be challenging for a "Salute", but we deliberately went for it. Figuratively speaking, the "Salute" need Omsk today, and Omsk need a "Salute", and not only the "Salute", tomorrow.
- The Production Association could pay off debts?
- The state allocated approximately 1.3 billion to cover debts to the budget and salaries. The first 750 million sent in December 2008, ie one year later than the governmental commission has adopted a decision, and the second tranche of 568 million - in December 2009. Thus, the money was allocated at the wrong time and in full. That is sick nedolechili, were discharged, and of course he again fell ill. However, the disease now is not progressing, we believe, within a year and a half plant firmly back on track.
Mindset of people working, they are willing and able to work. Today Omsk involved in the repair of RD-33 engines for MiG-29, make complex knots - the turbine shaft lines - for the AI-222. We plan that they will be involved in D-27 engine for the An-70 on the engine D-436 to AN-148, Tu-334 and Be-200. And we translate back from Moscow a number of industries, including manufacturing and stamping of production type engine AL-31. In addition, we are confident in the successful release of the Omsk factory airplane AN-3 engine turboprop-20.
According to our strategy to develop an integrated structure, the main task of Moscow area - developing new structures, the creation of new technologies, manufacture of prototypes, serial working out, and then send commercial production at factories, which are part of an integrated structure, and their more than ten.
- Integration of "Salute" has been completed?
- De facto we are already working, and "Salute" virtually the entire system is responsible. Positive results are already there, as they say, is obvious. However, de jure integration has not yet finished, we were joined Production Association. This is primarily due to the fact that if the debts Production Association moved to a unified structure, we would have arrears to the budget. And this would lead to loss of more than $ 30 million, because we would lose the possibility of VAT refund and interest rate subsidies for export contracts. This was the only reason for delay in complying with the presidential decree of 11 August 2007 on the establishment of an integrated structure, headed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Salut". We'd just buried two of the plant.
- Of all of the co-operation, which you have gathered, the state has some means for Production Association Baranova. And on the other companies?
- "Salute" received assistance in the form of state guarantees, which reduced the interest on the loan. Other any infusions integrated structure has not received.
- The main product of "Salute" is the AL-31. Tell us what the status is now upgrading this engine.
- There is a worldwide practice, according to which the engine upgraded to a permanent increase in traction. The scheme is simple: with the base engine, but it is designed with a good prospect, you can gradually upgrade, getting new qualities. Take, for example, the first version of the AL-31FM-1. Our CB just created, and we set ourselves realistic goals: increase the thrust of 12.5 tons to 13.5 tons, while increase the resource. As a result of the work TBO has increased from 500 hours to 1000 hours. This means that before to arrive at the designated resource is 1500 hours, we had to do two repairs, almost a million dollars each. But here the customer receives 2000 hours with a single repair.
This engine already is used by - it flies the Su-27SM. A recently completed tests on the Su-34 and the engine has received approval from the Air Force. Airplane significantly increased rate of climb, payload, ceiling height increased by more than a mile - in a word, its combat effectiveness significantly increased.
The next version - AL-31FM-2 with the thrust of 14,5 tons. This engine has already been created, it has already worked through on the stand. This machine has a new digital control system, the changes are and the turbine, and combustion chamber.
AL-31FM-3 creates a thrust of 15 tons. According to its specific parameters that will be the engine, close to the demands of the fifth generation, but it's not the engine of the fifth generation. Consumables characteristics, specific gravity, number of stages - here we are at the level of the fifth generation. However, some remain unresolved issues, for example, visibility in the infrared range, and radiozametnost. But overall - a significant step in the further development engine AL-31.
Extremely important is the fact that all these engines are interchangeable and can be installed on all Su-27, which flies in the world over a thousand. We originally set ourselves the task of preserving our markets. Today, most foreign customers require new parameters and from the aircraft, and from the engine. That engine, which we started to sell for export to the 90-ies, no longer meets their needs: need and craving more, and the unit costs less, and generally less expensive operation. Probably no one will refuse to directly in the shelf to pull the old engine, the new insert, and get a new quality of the object. Thus, upgrading can maintain its presence in the market.
A second problem that we solve the modernization - the gradual working out elements of the engine the next generation. For example, in the AL-31F in the four stages of the compression fan 3,5, and M3 - just three steps is closer to five. The following modifications we made the combustion chamber in which the working temperature increased by more than 300 degrees, and the length of the chamber was reduced to 70 mm, enhanced degree of irregularity of the temperature field. And on the turbine blades, due to new internal geometry and heat-resistant coating could increase the temperature to 250 degrees. So when we come to create the fifth-generation engine, we'll have spent sites.
- New high-pressure compressor when planning to do?
- It is under the end of the project works. The new compressor instead of nine levels will not exceed six. And it will be the level of the fifth generation.
- AL-31FM-3 and the fifth generation - this is not the same thing?
- There is an opinion of some lack of awareness that the "Salute" only modernizes the AL-31F. And we use a gradual upgrade in order to perfect the individual nodes. But the fifth-generation engine developed completely new, avanproekt Salyut received positive conclusion of 30 institutes of the Defense Ministry and CIAM. AL-31FM-3 created in the dimension of the basic AL-31F to fit into the framework of the Su-27 inlet. And in the fifth generation of air flow is defined much more, there will be another engine. But the design decisions in this engine can be transferred. Today, mathematical modeling techniques allow the compressor to make this option a little more, a little less, and with the highest degree of probability that a "top ten".
- Another version of the AL-31 - PS, for foreign customers. When you terminate a valid contract?
- In accordance with the timetable outlined in the contract.
- You plan to master in their own assembly of engine D-436 to AN-148. Those plans remain in force?
- When in early 1990 was signed by the intergovernmental agreement between Ukraine and Russia, it implies that the full set of documentation will be like the Ukrainian and Russian side. Unfortunately, this engine complete documentation, Russia does not. "Motor Sich", "Salyut and UMPO, given that volumes were small, and assumes a gradual build-up, agreed that the first assembly will learn to" Motor Siche ", then in Ufa, and then" Salute ". This included the D-436T1 engines and TP for the Tu-334 and Be-200. Then came the draft AN-148. Ufa was not used, and we continued this project with the "Motor Sich" as serial works, and the developer - CB "Progress", Zaporizhzhya. While the engines and most importantly - money - no, the assembly was in the Ukraine, they were from the start ready. We plan to increase the amount of work assembly will be mastered and the "Salute."
- President of OJSC "Motor Sich" Vyacheslav Boguslayev complained that the draft AI-222 you're working in difficult conditions because of the engines for six months did not receive payments ....
- Russia's Defense Ministry had complied with its obligations. The aircraft must produce and deliver to the Ministry of Defense Nizhny Novgorod Sokol. He received all the advances, just not distributed in time. That is our reality.In aircraft engine building consolidation has occurred rapidly, and the key difference from other industries is that Motorostroiteli retained two large, vertically integrated structure. On-going projects and pragmatic public policy correspondent AviaPort "says CEO FGUP Moscow Machine Building Production Association" Salute "Yury Eliseev.
- MMPP "Salut" in the first half of the 2000's was one of the most profitable enterprises of aircraft engines. However, the fall of the dollar, the rising cost of materials and components have set the plant in a difficult financial position. What are the indicators of plant completed in 2009?
- As you know, before 2000 "Salute" was virtually monocultural now, we produced one or two types of engines, the AL-21 Su-24 and F-15B-300 for the MiG-25. Then he learned the engine for the Su-27 and gradually withdrew from the first production F-15B-300, and then the AL-21. Today, the nomenclature of the plant Salyut increased many times. This is primarily the AL-31FM-1, upgraded engine. On arms already stands regiment of Su-27SM with these engines, for 2010-2011 have orders for planes with new engines. Designed Salyut engine for the Chinese J-10 aircraft to date has brought the company nearly $ 1 billion in revenue, this engine has justified the creation of its own KB on the "Salute". In addition, increased the number of repaired motors. Together with the Ukrainian Bureau "Progress" and OJSC "Motor Sich" on an equal footing, fifty-fifty, do AI-222 engine on the Yak-130. Assembly, testing and delivery in the RF Air Force has "Salute". Our company has actively participated in the creation and production of motor for the AN-148, commercial sales of which increased: in 2009 we passed the "Motor Sich" 12 sets in the plans for 2010 - no less than 30 sets.
An extremely important area of diversification is the ground component, we are working on power plants, plants for desalination and ozonation of drinking water. This is a very promising trend. In the past year was placed on two Eletskii CHP installation of 20 MW, three sets were sent to Nigeria, now there is mounting.
- And if assessed in monetary terms, as increased revenues?
- In 2009, we implemented the product for more than 16 billion rubles. In 2008 it was 11,6 billion We have increased the supply in almost all indicators: by new engines, repairs and spare parts.
- In 2010, some expected the volume of supplies?
- We plan to overcome the bar on commodity production in 21 billion rubles in prices of 2009. And that's not counting the Omsk plant them. Baranov and other enterprises which are part of an integrated structure "Salute".
- What percentage of the volume of sales accounted for defense procurement?
- Of the 16 billion level last year, the state defense order is 3,1 billion rubles. If you count - it is 20%, whereas two or three years ago, the state defense order amounted to no more than 3-5% of total revenues.
- And export?
- Consider this: 20% - a state defense order, another 10% - ground subjects and consumer goods, and civil products. Accordingly, exports - about 70%.
- According to the forecast for 2010 balance will be?
- Do not undergo drastic changes, although small, are planning to increase the share of civilian products. But in general, diversification of production continues, and we will seek to ensure that military and civil products were roughly in the ratio 50:50. We intend to achieve by the year 2014-2015.
In the civil category, we have chosen for themselves several directions: first of all energy, the installation for the gasification of carbonaceous materials, including garbage. Such a device we have, we received a sustained process of gasification. I think that in 2011 will begin commercial production. The other direction - plants for desalination of sea water. According to forecasts, by 2015, more than two thirds of the land will be within the acute shortage of drinking water, so that these settings will be very relevant. The first contract to supply desalination plants was signed with Saudi Arabia. We believe that the demand for these products will grow exponentially.
- When you signed a contract with Saudi Arabia?
- In November of 2009. While put two installations, but today the market of the Middle East desalination plants is estimated at $ 5 to $ 7 billion a year. This is at the level of Russian military-technical cooperation. However, the market is busy, there are the French, and Americans and Italians. But our setting the number of energy expended to get a ton of desalinated water, the quality of desalination, the cost of one ton of desalinated water has all chances to find its niche.
- When the delivery time?
- October 2010.
- Were you able to reduce production costs?
- Increasing production capacity by more than 30% we have reduced power consumption, heat, gas at an average of 20%. Unfortunately, while energy prices for the year rose at the same 20%! That is, we reduce complexity, reduce energy consumption, moving to many places to work in two shifts ... but the rise in energy prices can not be compensated only by internal events.
But at the state level, decisions are not sufficiently effective, and it clearly shows the situation with prices on alloys. I believe that there was a real diversion! None of that, all of a sudden started to sell nickel inside the country at the London Stock Exchange. Moreover, these metallurgists usually buy electricity and gas for export and not even on the domestic and at a reduced internal prices, increases in the prices alloys, and automatically tanks, aircraft, engines - all become more expensive. And the Anti-Monopoly Service has a very strange decision from the standpoint of the economy. Given that Electrostal one mill stood, they were allowed from June to September increased by 30% of sales prices. As a result, it turned out, what to bring from France to Moscow high-pressure turbine disks, and other accessories cheaper than suburbs.
- In 2009 you made a profit?
- If you take only the productive activities in our country and in 2008 was but limited, but the profit - about 140 million rubles, while taking into account the exchange rate difference was recorded loss 1.68 billion rubles. This year we plan to gain about 600 million, and that in view of exchange rate differences. And this despite the fact that in 2008 we had total liabilities 17 billion rubles in sales volume 11.6 billion rubles. In 2009, even when sales 16.3 billion debt was 15 billion rubles. At the end of 2010 we plan to sales at 20 billion rubles, while the debt if the dollar continues, in the area 14-14,5 billion rubles. And further, I am confident that everything will be better and better.
Of course, it is important that financial indicators rectified, but some blood is given? For example, for the year we did not buy a single machine, do not raise wages, as planned. Previously, for a sufficiently long period, we actively updated equipment, up to a billion rubles a year invested in the machines. Developed and produced the first pyatikoordinatnye machines, which can in a single setup to grind, mill, drill, hollow splined, threaded, and finally obmeryat components with a diameter up to 1800 mm and a length of up to four meters. This year, introduce into trial operation shestikoordinatny machine machining center. Mastered the production of an entire range of Gear Grinding equipment. As a result, depreciation of fixed assets was reduced from 67% to 41%, but now again began aging assets.
The same thing happened with the cost of R & D: if a few years ago we were up to one billion rubles invested in the development, without receiving from the budget virtually a penny, but now the volume of investments by the minimum. True, we were able to show that we are something can do. As a result - in 2010 began to receive substantial budget funds for critical technologies for both military and civil topics.
In fairness we must admit that quite a large burden upon us help Omsk plant them. Baranova (Production Association). Omsk plant was virtually bankrupt: for volume production in the region of 600 million rubles debts amounted to some $ 3 billion of debt, more than half of them - in the budget and salary and staffing levels - 5 thousand. As a result in 2009 production volume increased to 2 billion rubles, while the number - up to 7,5 thousand employees. However, the "Salute" is a cost of more than $ 1,5 billion rubles. And we understand that over the next two or three or even four years it would be challenging for a "Salute", but we deliberately went for it. Figuratively speaking, the "Salute" need Omsk today, and Omsk need a "Salute", and not only the "Salute", tomorrow.
- The Production Association could pay off debts?
- The state allocated approximately 1.3 billion to cover debts to the budget and salaries. The first 750 million sent in December 2008, ie one year later than the governmental commission has adopted a decision, and the second tranche of 568 million - in December 2009. Thus, the money was allocated at the wrong time and in full. That is sick nedolechili, were discharged, and of course he again fell ill. However, the disease now is not progressing, we believe, within a year and a half plant firmly back on track.
Mindset of people working, they are willing and able to work. Today Omsk involved in the repair of RD-33 engines for MiG-29, make complex knots - the turbine shaft lines - for the AI-222. We plan that they will be involved in D-27 engine for the An-70 on the engine D-436 to AN-148, Tu-334 and Be-200. And we translate back from Moscow a number of industries, including manufacturing and stamping of production type engine AL-31. In addition, we are confident in the successful release of the Omsk factory airplane AN-3 engine turboprop-20.
According to our strategy to develop an integrated structure, the main task of Moscow area - developing new structures, the creation of new technologies, manufacture of prototypes, serial working out, and then send commercial production at factories, which are part of an integrated structure, and their more than ten.
- Integration of "Salute" has been completed?
- De facto we are already working, and "Salute" virtually the entire system is responsible. Positive results are already there, as they say, is obvious. However, de jure integration has not yet finished, we were joined Production Association. This is primarily due to the fact that if the debts Production Association moved to a unified structure, we would have arrears to the budget. And this would lead to loss of more than $ 30 million, because we would lose the possibility of VAT refund and interest rate subsidies for export contracts. This was the only reason for delay in complying with the presidential decree of 11 August 2007 on the establishment of an integrated structure, headed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Salut". We'd just buried two of the plant.
- Of all of the co-operation, which you have gathered, the state has some means for Production Association Baranova. And on the other companies?
- "Salute" received assistance in the form of state guarantees, which reduced the interest on the loan. Other any infusions integrated structure has not received.
- The main product of "Salute" is the AL-31. Tell us what the status is now upgrading this engine.
- There is a worldwide practice, according to which the engine upgraded to a permanent increase in traction. The scheme is simple: with the base engine, but it is designed with a good prospect, you can gradually upgrade, getting new qualities. Take, for example, the first version of the AL-31FM-1. Our CB just created, and we set ourselves realistic goals: increase the thrust of 12.5 tons to 13.5 tons, while increase the resource. As a result of the work TBO has increased from 500 hours to 1000 hours. This means that before to arrive at the designated resource is 1500 hours, we had to do two repairs, almost a million dollars each. But here the customer receives 2000 hours with a single repair.
This engine already is used by - it flies the Su-27SM. A recently completed tests on the Su-34 and the engine has received approval from the Air Force. Airplane significantly increased rate of climb, payload, ceiling height increased by more than a mile - in a word, its combat effectiveness significantly increased.
The next version - AL-31FM-2 with the thrust of 14,5 tons. This engine has already been created, it has already worked through on the stand. This machine has a new digital control system, the changes are and the turbine, and combustion chamber.
AL-31FM-3 creates a thrust of 15 tons. According to its specific parameters that will be the engine, close to the demands of the fifth generation, but it's not the engine of the fifth generation. Consumables characteristics, specific gravity, number of stages - here we are at the level of the fifth generation. However, some remain unresolved issues, for example, visibility in the infrared range, and radiozametnost. But overall - a significant step in the further development engine AL-31.
Extremely important is the fact that all these engines are interchangeable and can be installed on all Su-27, which flies in the world over a thousand. We originally set ourselves the task of preserving our markets. Today, most foreign customers require new parameters and from the aircraft, and from the engine. That engine, which we started to sell for export to the 90-ies, no longer meets their needs: need and craving more, and the unit costs less, and generally less expensive operation. Probably no one will refuse to directly in the shelf to pull the old engine, the new insert, and get a new quality of the object. Thus, upgrading can maintain its presence in the market.
A second problem that we solve the modernization - the gradual working out elements of the engine the next generation. For example, in the AL-31F in the four stages of the compression fan 3,5, and M3 - just three steps is closer to five. The following modifications we made the combustion chamber in which the working temperature increased by more than 300 degrees, and the length of the chamber was reduced to 70 mm, enhanced degree of irregularity of the temperature field. And on the turbine blades, due to new internal geometry and heat-resistant coating could increase the temperature to 250 degrees. So when we come to create the fifth-generation engine, we'll have spent sites.
- New high-pressure compressor when planning to do?
- It is under the end of the project works. The new compressor instead of nine levels will not exceed six. And it will be the level of the fifth generation.
- AL-31FM-3 and the fifth generation - this is not the same thing?
- There is an opinion of some lack of awareness that the "Salute" only modernizes the AL-31F. And we use a gradual upgrade in order to perfect the individual nodes. But the fifth-generation engine developed completely new, avanproekt Salyut received positive conclusion of 30 institutes of the Defense Ministry and CIAM. AL-31FM-3 created in the dimension of the basic AL-31F to fit into the framework of the Su-27 inlet. And in the fifth generation of air flow is defined much more, there will be another engine. But the design decisions in this engine can be transferred. Today, mathematical modeling techniques allow the compressor to make this option a little more, a little less, and with the highest degree of probability that a "top ten".
- Another version of the AL-31 - PS, for foreign customers. When you terminate a valid contract?
- In accordance with the timetable outlined in the contract.
- You plan to master in their own assembly of engine D-436 to AN-148. Those plans remain in force?
- When in early 1990 was signed by the intergovernmental agreement between Ukraine and Russia, it implies that the full set of documentation will be like the Ukrainian and Russian side. Unfortunately, this engine complete documentation, Russia does not. "Motor Sich", "Salyut and UMPO, given that volumes were small, and assumes a gradual build-up, agreed that the first assembly will learn to" Motor Siche ", then in Ufa, and then" Salute ". This included the D-436T1 engines and TP for the Tu-334 and Be-200. Then came the draft AN-148. Ufa was not used, and we continued this project with the "Motor Sich" as serial works, and the developer - CB "Progress", Zaporizhzhya. While the engines and most importantly - money - no, the assembly was in the Ukraine, they were from the start ready. We plan to increase the amount of work assembly will be mastered and the "Salute."
- President of OJSC "Motor Sich" Vyacheslav Boguslayev complained that the draft AI-222 you're working in difficult conditions because of the engines for six months did not receive payments ....
- Russia's Defense Ministry had complied with its obligations. The aircraft must produce and deliver to the Ministry of Defense Nizhny Novgorod Sokol. He received all the advances, just not distributed in time. That is our reality.
- MMPP "Salut" in the first half of the 2000's was one of the most profitable enterprises of aircraft engines. However, the fall of the dollar, the rising cost of materials and components have set the plant in a difficult financial position. What are the indicators of plant completed in 2009?
- As you know, before 2000 "Salute" was virtually monocultural now, we produced one or two types of engines, the AL-21 Su-24 and F-15B-300 for the MiG-25. Then he learned the engine for the Su-27 and gradually withdrew from the first production F-15B-300, and then the AL-21. Today, the nomenclature of the plant Salyut increased many times. This is primarily the AL-31FM-1, upgraded engine. On arms already stands regiment of Su-27SM with these engines, for 2010-2011 have orders for planes with new engines. Designed Salyut engine for the Chinese J-10 aircraft to date has brought the company nearly $ 1 billion in revenue, this engine has justified the creation of its own KB on the "Salute". In addition, increased the number of repaired motors. Together with the Ukrainian Bureau "Progress" and OJSC "Motor Sich" on an equal footing, fifty-fifty, do AI-222 engine on the Yak-130. Assembly, testing and delivery in the RF Air Force has "Salute". Our company has actively participated in the creation and production of motor for the AN-148, commercial sales of which increased: in 2009 we passed the "Motor Sich" 12 sets in the plans for 2010 - no less than 30 sets.
An extremely important area of diversification is the ground component, we are working on power plants, plants for desalination and ozonation of drinking water. This is a very promising trend. In the past year was placed on two Eletskii CHP installation of 20 MW, three sets were sent to Nigeria, now there is mounting.
- And if assessed in monetary terms, as increased revenues?
- In 2009, we implemented the product for more than 16 billion rubles. In 2008 it was 11,6 billion We have increased the supply in almost all indicators: by new engines, repairs and spare parts.
- In 2010, some expected the volume of supplies?
- We plan to overcome the bar on commodity production in 21 billion rubles in prices of 2009. And that's not counting the Omsk plant them. Baranov and other enterprises which are part of an integrated structure "Salute".
- What percentage of the volume of sales accounted for defense procurement?
- Of the 16 billion level last year, the state defense order is 3,1 billion rubles. If you count - it is 20%, whereas two or three years ago, the state defense order amounted to no more than 3-5% of total revenues.
- And export?
- Consider this: 20% - a state defense order, another 10% - ground subjects and consumer goods, and civil products. Accordingly, exports - about 70%.
- According to the forecast for 2010 balance will be?
- Do not undergo drastic changes, although small, are planning to increase the share of civilian products. But in general, diversification of production continues, and we will seek to ensure that military and civil products were roughly in the ratio 50:50. We intend to achieve by the year 2014-2015.
In the civil category, we have chosen for themselves several directions: first of all energy, the installation for the gasification of carbonaceous materials, including garbage. Such a device we have, we received a sustained process of gasification. I think that in 2011 will begin commercial production. The other direction - plants for desalination of sea water. According to forecasts, by 2015, more than two thirds of the land will be within the acute shortage of drinking water, so that these settings will be very relevant. The first contract to supply desalination plants was signed with Saudi Arabia. We believe that the demand for these products will grow exponentially.
- When you signed a contract with Saudi Arabia?
- In November of 2009. While put two installations, but today the market of the Middle East desalination plants is estimated at $ 5 to $ 7 billion a year. This is at the level of Russian military-technical cooperation. However, the market is busy, there are the French, and Americans and Italians. But our setting the number of energy expended to get a ton of desalinated water, the quality of desalination, the cost of one ton of desalinated water has all chances to find its niche.
- When the delivery time?
- October 2010.
- Were you able to reduce production costs?
- Increasing production capacity by more than 30% we have reduced power consumption, heat, gas at an average of 20%. Unfortunately, while energy prices for the year rose at the same 20%! That is, we reduce complexity, reduce energy consumption, moving to many places to work in two shifts ... but the rise in energy prices can not be compensated only by internal events.
But at the state level, decisions are not sufficiently effective, and it clearly shows the situation with prices on alloys. I believe that there was a real diversion! None of that, all of a sudden started to sell nickel inside the country at the London Stock Exchange. Moreover, these metallurgists usually buy electricity and gas for export and not even on the domestic and at a reduced internal prices, increases in the prices alloys, and automatically tanks, aircraft, engines - all become more expensive. And the Anti-Monopoly Service has a very strange decision from the standpoint of the economy. Given that Electrostal one mill stood, they were allowed from June to September increased by 30% of sales prices. As a result, it turned out, what to bring from France to Moscow high-pressure turbine disks, and other accessories cheaper than suburbs.
- In 2009 you made a profit?
- If you take only the productive activities in our country and in 2008 was but limited, but the profit - about 140 million rubles, while taking into account the exchange rate difference was recorded loss 1.68 billion rubles. This year we plan to gain about 600 million, and that in view of exchange rate differences. And this despite the fact that in 2008 we had total liabilities 17 billion rubles in sales volume 11.6 billion rubles. In 2009, even when sales 16.3 billion debt was 15 billion rubles. At the end of 2010 we plan to sales at 20 billion rubles, while the debt if the dollar continues, in the area 14-14,5 billion rubles. And further, I am confident that everything will be better and better.
Of course, it is important that financial indicators rectified, but some blood is given? For example, for the year we did not buy a single machine, do not raise wages, as planned. Previously, for a sufficiently long period, we actively updated equipment, up to a billion rubles a year invested in the machines. Developed and produced the first pyatikoordinatnye machines, which can in a single setup to grind, mill, drill, hollow splined, threaded, and finally obmeryat components with a diameter up to 1800 mm and a length of up to four meters. This year, introduce into trial operation shestikoordinatny machine machining center. Mastered the production of an entire range of Gear Grinding equipment. As a result, depreciation of fixed assets was reduced from 67% to 41%, but now again began aging assets.
The same thing happened with the cost of R & D: if a few years ago we were up to one billion rubles invested in the development, without receiving from the budget virtually a penny, but now the volume of investments by the minimum. True, we were able to show that we are something can do. As a result - in 2010 began to receive substantial budget funds for critical technologies for both military and civil topics.
In fairness we must admit that quite a large burden upon us help Omsk plant them. Baranova (Production Association). Omsk plant was virtually bankrupt: for volume production in the region of 600 million rubles debts amounted to some $ 3 billion of debt, more than half of them - in the budget and salary and staffing levels - 5 thousand. As a result in 2009 production volume increased to 2 billion rubles, while the number - up to 7,5 thousand employees. However, the "Salute" is a cost of more than $ 1,5 billion rubles. And we understand that over the next two or three or even four years it would be challenging for a "Salute", but we deliberately went for it. Figuratively speaking, the "Salute" need Omsk today, and Omsk need a "Salute", and not only the "Salute", tomorrow.
- The Production Association could pay off debts?
- The state allocated approximately 1.3 billion to cover debts to the budget and salaries. The first 750 million sent in December 2008, ie one year later than the governmental commission has adopted a decision, and the second tranche of 568 million - in December 2009. Thus, the money was allocated at the wrong time and in full. That is sick nedolechili, were discharged, and of course he again fell ill. However, the disease now is not progressing, we believe, within a year and a half plant firmly back on track.
Mindset of people working, they are willing and able to work. Today Omsk involved in the repair of RD-33 engines for MiG-29, make complex knots - the turbine shaft lines - for the AI-222. We plan that they will be involved in D-27 engine for the An-70 on the engine D-436 to AN-148, Tu-334 and Be-200. And we translate back from Moscow a number of industries, including manufacturing and stamping of production type engine AL-31. In addition, we are confident in the successful release of the Omsk factory airplane AN-3 engine turboprop-20.
According to our strategy to develop an integrated structure, the main task of Moscow area - developing new structures, the creation of new technologies, manufacture of prototypes, serial working out, and then send commercial production at factories, which are part of an integrated structure, and their more than ten.
- Integration of "Salute" has been completed?
- De facto we are already working, and "Salute" virtually the entire system is responsible. Positive results are already there, as they say, is obvious. However, de jure integration has not yet finished, we were joined Production Association. This is primarily due to the fact that if the debts Production Association moved to a unified structure, we would have arrears to the budget. And this would lead to loss of more than $ 30 million, because we would lose the possibility of VAT refund and interest rate subsidies for export contracts. This was the only reason for delay in complying with the presidential decree of 11 August 2007 on the establishment of an integrated structure, headed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Salut". We'd just buried two of the plant.
- Of all of the co-operation, which you have gathered, the state has some means for Production Association Baranova. And on the other companies?
- "Salute" received assistance in the form of state guarantees, which reduced the interest on the loan. Other any infusions integrated structure has not received.
- The main product of "Salute" is the AL-31. Tell us what the status is now upgrading this engine.
- There is a worldwide practice, according to which the engine upgraded to a permanent increase in traction. The scheme is simple: with the base engine, but it is designed with a good prospect, you can gradually upgrade, getting new qualities. Take, for example, the first version of the AL-31FM-1. Our CB just created, and we set ourselves realistic goals: increase the thrust of 12.5 tons to 13.5 tons, while increase the resource. As a result of the work TBO has increased from 500 hours to 1000 hours. This means that before to arrive at the designated resource is 1500 hours, we had to do two repairs, almost a million dollars each. But here the customer receives 2000 hours with a single repair.
This engine already is used by - it flies the Su-27SM. A recently completed tests on the Su-34 and the engine has received approval from the Air Force. Airplane significantly increased rate of climb, payload, ceiling height increased by more than a mile - in a word, its combat effectiveness significantly increased.
The next version - AL-31FM-2 with the thrust of 14,5 tons. This engine has already been created, it has already worked through on the stand. This machine has a new digital control system, the changes are and the turbine, and combustion chamber.
AL-31FM-3 creates a thrust of 15 tons. According to its specific parameters that will be the engine, close to the demands of the fifth generation, but it's not the engine of the fifth generation. Consumables characteristics, specific gravity, number of stages - here we are at the level of the fifth generation. However, some remain unresolved issues, for example, visibility in the infrared range, and radiozametnost. But overall - a significant step in the further development engine AL-31.
Extremely important is the fact that all these engines are interchangeable and can be installed on all Su-27, which flies in the world over a thousand. We originally set ourselves the task of preserving our markets. Today, most foreign customers require new parameters and from the aircraft, and from the engine. That engine, which we started to sell for export to the 90-ies, no longer meets their needs: need and craving more, and the unit costs less, and generally less expensive operation. Probably no one will refuse to directly in the shelf to pull the old engine, the new insert, and get a new quality of the object. Thus, upgrading can maintain its presence in the market.
A second problem that we solve the modernization - the gradual working out elements of the engine the next generation. For example, in the AL-31F in the four stages of the compression fan 3,5, and M3 - just three steps is closer to five. The following modifications we made the combustion chamber in which the working temperature increased by more than 300 degrees, and the length of the chamber was reduced to 70 mm, enhanced degree of irregularity of the temperature field. And on the turbine blades, due to new internal geometry and heat-resistant coating could increase the temperature to 250 degrees. So when we come to create the fifth-generation engine, we'll have spent sites.
- New high-pressure compressor when planning to do?
- It is under the end of the project works. The new compressor instead of nine levels will not exceed six. And it will be the level of the fifth generation.
- AL-31FM-3 and the fifth generation - this is not the same thing?
- There is an opinion of some lack of awareness that the "Salute" only modernizes the AL-31F. And we use a gradual upgrade in order to perfect the individual nodes. But the fifth-generation engine developed completely new, avanproekt Salyut received positive conclusion of 30 institutes of the Defense Ministry and CIAM. AL-31FM-3 created in the dimension of the basic AL-31F to fit into the framework of the Su-27 inlet. And in the fifth generation of air flow is defined much more, there will be another engine. But the design decisions in this engine can be transferred. Today, mathematical modeling techniques allow the compressor to make this option a little more, a little less, and with the highest degree of probability that a "top ten".
- Another version of the AL-31 - PS, for foreign customers. When you terminate a valid contract?
- In accordance with the timetable outlined in the contract.
- You plan to master in their own assembly of engine D-436 to AN-148. Those plans remain in force?
- When in early 1990 was signed by the intergovernmental agreement between Ukraine and Russia, it implies that the full set of documentation will be like the Ukrainian and Russian side. Unfortunately, this engine complete documentation, Russia does not. "Motor Sich", "Salyut and UMPO, given that volumes were small, and assumes a gradual build-up, agreed that the first assembly will learn to" Motor Siche ", then in Ufa, and then" Salute ". This included the D-436T1 engines and TP for the Tu-334 and Be-200. Then came the draft AN-148. Ufa was not used, and we continued this project with the "Motor Sich" as serial works, and the developer - CB "Progress", Zaporizhzhya. While the engines and most importantly - money - no, the assembly was in the Ukraine, they were from the start ready. We plan to increase the amount of work assembly will be mastered and the "Salute."
- President of OJSC "Motor Sich" Vyacheslav Boguslayev complained that the draft AI-222 you're working in difficult conditions because of the engines for six months did not receive payments ....
- Russia's Defense Ministry had complied with its obligations. The aircraft must produce and deliver to the Ministry of Defense Nizhny Novgorod Sokol. He received all the advances, just not distributed in time. That is our reality.In aircraft engine building consolidation has occurred rapidly, and the key difference from other industries is that Motorostroiteli retained two large, vertically integrated structure. On-going projects and pragmatic public policy correspondent AviaPort "says CEO FGUP Moscow Machine Building Production Association" Salute "Yury Eliseev.
- MMPP "Salut" in the first half of the 2000's was one of the most profitable enterprises of aircraft engines. However, the fall of the dollar, the rising cost of materials and components have set the plant in a difficult financial position. What are the indicators of plant completed in 2009?
- As you know, before 2000 "Salute" was virtually monocultural now, we produced one or two types of engines, the AL-21 Su-24 and F-15B-300 for the MiG-25. Then he learned the engine for the Su-27 and gradually withdrew from the first production F-15B-300, and then the AL-21. Today, the nomenclature of the plant Salyut increased many times. This is primarily the AL-31FM-1, upgraded engine. On arms already stands regiment of Su-27SM with these engines, for 2010-2011 have orders for planes with new engines. Designed Salyut engine for the Chinese J-10 aircraft to date has brought the company nearly $ 1 billion in revenue, this engine has justified the creation of its own KB on the "Salute". In addition, increased the number of repaired motors. Together with the Ukrainian Bureau "Progress" and OJSC "Motor Sich" on an equal footing, fifty-fifty, do AI-222 engine on the Yak-130. Assembly, testing and delivery in the RF Air Force has "Salute". Our company has actively participated in the creation and production of motor for the AN-148, commercial sales of which increased: in 2009 we passed the "Motor Sich" 12 sets in the plans for 2010 - no less than 30 sets.
An extremely important area of diversification is the ground component, we are working on power plants, plants for desalination and ozonation of drinking water. This is a very promising trend. In the past year was placed on two Eletskii CHP installation of 20 MW, three sets were sent to Nigeria, now there is mounting.
- And if assessed in monetary terms, as increased revenues?
- In 2009, we implemented the product for more than 16 billion rubles. In 2008 it was 11,6 billion We have increased the supply in almost all indicators: by new engines, repairs and spare parts.
- In 2010, some expected the volume of supplies?
- We plan to overcome the bar on commodity production in 21 billion rubles in prices of 2009. And that's not counting the Omsk plant them. Baranov and other enterprises which are part of an integrated structure "Salute".
- What percentage of the volume of sales accounted for defense procurement?
- Of the 16 billion level last year, the state defense order is 3,1 billion rubles. If you count - it is 20%, whereas two or three years ago, the state defense order amounted to no more than 3-5% of total revenues.
- And export?
- Consider this: 20% - a state defense order, another 10% - ground subjects and consumer goods, and civil products. Accordingly, exports - about 70%.
- According to the forecast for 2010 balance will be?
- Do not undergo drastic changes, although small, are planning to increase the share of civilian products. But in general, diversification of production continues, and we will seek to ensure that military and civil products were roughly in the ratio 50:50. We intend to achieve by the year 2014-2015.
In the civil category, we have chosen for themselves several directions: first of all energy, the installation for the gasification of carbonaceous materials, including garbage. Such a device we have, we received a sustained process of gasification. I think that in 2011 will begin commercial production. The other direction - plants for desalination of sea water. According to forecasts, by 2015, more than two thirds of the land will be within the acute shortage of drinking water, so that these settings will be very relevant. The first contract to supply desalination plants was signed with Saudi Arabia. We believe that the demand for these products will grow exponentially.
- When you signed a contract with Saudi Arabia?
- In November of 2009. While put two installations, but today the market of the Middle East desalination plants is estimated at $ 5 to $ 7 billion a year. This is at the level of Russian military-technical cooperation. However, the market is busy, there are the French, and Americans and Italians. But our setting the number of energy expended to get a ton of desalinated water, the quality of desalination, the cost of one ton of desalinated water has all chances to find its niche.
- When the delivery time?
- October 2010.
- Were you able to reduce production costs?
- Increasing production capacity by more than 30% we have reduced power consumption, heat, gas at an average of 20%. Unfortunately, while energy prices for the year rose at the same 20%! That is, we reduce complexity, reduce energy consumption, moving to many places to work in two shifts ... but the rise in energy prices can not be compensated only by internal events.
But at the state level, decisions are not sufficiently effective, and it clearly shows the situation with prices on alloys. I believe that there was a real diversion! None of that, all of a sudden started to sell nickel inside the country at the London Stock Exchange. Moreover, these metallurgists usually buy electricity and gas for export and not even on the domestic and at a reduced internal prices, increases in the prices alloys, and automatically tanks, aircraft, engines - all become more expensive. And the Anti-Monopoly Service has a very strange decision from the standpoint of the economy. Given that Electrostal one mill stood, they were allowed from June to September increased by 30% of sales prices. As a result, it turned out, what to bring from France to Moscow high-pressure turbine disks, and other accessories cheaper than suburbs.
- In 2009 you made a profit?
- If you take only the productive activities in our country and in 2008 was but limited, but the profit - about 140 million rubles, while taking into account the exchange rate difference was recorded loss 1.68 billion rubles. This year we plan to gain about 600 million, and that in view of exchange rate differences. And this despite the fact that in 2008 we had total liabilities 17 billion rubles in sales volume 11.6 billion rubles. In 2009, even when sales 16.3 billion debt was 15 billion rubles. At the end of 2010 we plan to sales at 20 billion rubles, while the debt if the dollar continues, in the area 14-14,5 billion rubles. And further, I am confident that everything will be better and better.
Of course, it is important that financial indicators rectified, but some blood is given? For example, for the year we did not buy a single machine, do not raise wages, as planned. Previously, for a sufficiently long period, we actively updated equipment, up to a billion rubles a year invested in the machines. Developed and produced the first pyatikoordinatnye machines, which can in a single setup to grind, mill, drill, hollow splined, threaded, and finally obmeryat components with a diameter up to 1800 mm and a length of up to four meters. This year, introduce into trial operation shestikoordinatny machine machining center. Mastered the production of an entire range of Gear Grinding equipment. As a result, depreciation of fixed assets was reduced from 67% to 41%, but now again began aging assets.
The same thing happened with the cost of R & D: if a few years ago we were up to one billion rubles invested in the development, without receiving from the budget virtually a penny, but now the volume of investments by the minimum. True, we were able to show that we are something can do. As a result - in 2010 began to receive substantial budget funds for critical technologies for both military and civil topics.
In fairness we must admit that quite a large burden upon us help Omsk plant them. Baranova (Production Association). Omsk plant was virtually bankrupt: for volume production in the region of 600 million rubles debts amounted to some $ 3 billion of debt, more than half of them - in the budget and salary and staffing levels - 5 thousand. As a result in 2009 production volume increased to 2 billion rubles, while the number - up to 7,5 thousand employees. However, the "Salute" is a cost of more than $ 1,5 billion rubles. And we understand that over the next two or three or even four years it would be challenging for a "Salute", but we deliberately went for it. Figuratively speaking, the "Salute" need Omsk today, and Omsk need a "Salute", and not only the "Salute", tomorrow.
- The Production Association could pay off debts?
- The state allocated approximately 1.3 billion to cover debts to the budget and salaries. The first 750 million sent in December 2008, ie one year later than the governmental commission has adopted a decision, and the second tranche of 568 million - in December 2009. Thus, the money was allocated at the wrong time and in full. That is sick nedolechili, were discharged, and of course he again fell ill. However, the disease now is not progressing, we believe, within a year and a half plant firmly back on track.
Mindset of people working, they are willing and able to work. Today Omsk involved in the repair of RD-33 engines for MiG-29, make complex knots - the turbine shaft lines - for the AI-222. We plan that they will be involved in D-27 engine for the An-70 on the engine D-436 to AN-148, Tu-334 and Be-200. And we translate back from Moscow a number of industries, including manufacturing and stamping of production type engine AL-31. In addition, we are confident in the successful release of the Omsk factory airplane AN-3 engine turboprop-20.
According to our strategy to develop an integrated structure, the main task of Moscow area - developing new structures, the creation of new technologies, manufacture of prototypes, serial working out, and then send commercial production at factories, which are part of an integrated structure, and their more than ten.
- Integration of "Salute" has been completed?
- De facto we are already working, and "Salute" virtually the entire system is responsible. Positive results are already there, as they say, is obvious. However, de jure integration has not yet finished, we were joined Production Association. This is primarily due to the fact that if the debts Production Association moved to a unified structure, we would have arrears to the budget. And this would lead to loss of more than $ 30 million, because we would lose the possibility of VAT refund and interest rate subsidies for export contracts. This was the only reason for delay in complying with the presidential decree of 11 August 2007 on the establishment of an integrated structure, headed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Salut". We'd just buried two of the plant.
- Of all of the co-operation, which you have gathered, the state has some means for Production Association Baranova. And on the other companies?
- "Salute" received assistance in the form of state guarantees, which reduced the interest on the loan. Other any infusions integrated structure has not received.
- The main product of "Salute" is the AL-31. Tell us what the status is now upgrading this engine.
- There is a worldwide practice, according to which the engine upgraded to a permanent increase in traction. The scheme is simple: with the base engine, but it is designed with a good prospect, you can gradually upgrade, getting new qualities. Take, for example, the first version of the AL-31FM-1. Our CB just created, and we set ourselves realistic goals: increase the thrust of 12.5 tons to 13.5 tons, while increase the resource. As a result of the work TBO has increased from 500 hours to 1000 hours. This means that before to arrive at the designated resource is 1500 hours, we had to do two repairs, almost a million dollars each. But here the customer receives 2000 hours with a single repair.
This engine already is used by - it flies the Su-27SM. A recently completed tests on the Su-34 and the engine has received approval from the Air Force. Airplane significantly increased rate of climb, payload, ceiling height increased by more than a mile - in a word, its combat effectiveness significantly increased.
The next version - AL-31FM-2 with the thrust of 14,5 tons. This engine has already been created, it has already worked through on the stand. This machine has a new digital control system, the changes are and the turbine, and combustion chamber.
AL-31FM-3 creates a thrust of 15 tons. According to its specific parameters that will be the engine, close to the demands of the fifth generation, but it's not the engine of the fifth generation. Consumables characteristics, specific gravity, number of stages - here we are at the level of the fifth generation. However, some remain unresolved issues, for example, visibility in the infrared range, and radiozametnost. But overall - a significant step in the further development engine AL-31.
Extremely important is the fact that all these engines are interchangeable and can be installed on all Su-27, which flies in the world over a thousand. We originally set ourselves the task of preserving our markets. Today, most foreign customers require new parameters and from the aircraft, and from the engine. That engine, which we started to sell for export to the 90-ies, no longer meets their needs: need and craving more, and the unit costs less, and generally less expensive operation. Probably no one will refuse to directly in the shelf to pull the old engine, the new insert, and get a new quality of the object. Thus, upgrading can maintain its presence in the market.
A second problem that we solve the modernization - the gradual working out elements of the engine the next generation. For example, in the AL-31F in the four stages of the compression fan 3,5, and M3 - just three steps is closer to five. The following modifications we made the combustion chamber in which the working temperature increased by more than 300 degrees, and the length of the chamber was reduced to 70 mm, enhanced degree of irregularity of the temperature field. And on the turbine blades, due to new internal geometry and heat-resistant coating could increase the temperature to 250 degrees. So when we come to create the fifth-generation engine, we'll have spent sites.
- New high-pressure compressor when planning to do?
- It is under the end of the project works. The new compressor instead of nine levels will not exceed six. And it will be the level of the fifth generation.
- AL-31FM-3 and the fifth generation - this is not the same thing?
- There is an opinion of some lack of awareness that the "Salute" only modernizes the AL-31F. And we use a gradual upgrade in order to perfect the individual nodes. But the fifth-generation engine developed completely new, avanproekt Salyut received positive conclusion of 30 institutes of the Defense Ministry and CIAM. AL-31FM-3 created in the dimension of the basic AL-31F to fit into the framework of the Su-27 inlet. And in the fifth generation of air flow is defined much more, there will be another engine. But the design decisions in this engine can be transferred. Today, mathematical modeling techniques allow the compressor to make this option a little more, a little less, and with the highest degree of probability that a "top ten".
- Another version of the AL-31 - PS, for foreign customers. When you terminate a valid contract?
- In accordance with the timetable outlined in the contract.
- You plan to master in their own assembly of engine D-436 to AN-148. Those plans remain in force?
- When in early 1990 was signed by the intergovernmental agreement between Ukraine and Russia, it implies that the full set of documentation will be like the Ukrainian and Russian side. Unfortunately, this engine complete documentation, Russia does not. "Motor Sich", "Salyut and UMPO, given that volumes were small, and assumes a gradual build-up, agreed that the first assembly will learn to" Motor Siche ", then in Ufa, and then" Salute ". This included the D-436T1 engines and TP for the Tu-334 and Be-200. Then came the draft AN-148. Ufa was not used, and we continued this project with the "Motor Sich" as serial works, and the developer - CB "Progress", Zaporizhzhya. While the engines and most importantly - money - no, the assembly was in the Ukraine, they were from the start ready. We plan to increase the amount of work assembly will be mastered and the "Salute."
- President of OJSC "Motor Sich" Vyacheslav Boguslayev complained that the draft AI-222 you're working in difficult conditions because of the engines for six months did not receive payments ....
- Russia's Defense Ministry had complied with its obligations. The aircraft must produce and deliver to the Ministry of Defense Nizhny Novgorod Sokol. He received all the advances, just not distributed in time. That is our reality.
- President of OJSC "Motor Sich" Vyacheslav Boguslayev complained that the draft AI-222 you're working in difficult conditions because of the engines for six months did not receive payments ....
- Russia's Defense Ministry had complied with its obligations. The aircraft must produce and deliver to the Ministry of Defense Nizhny Novgorod Sokol. He received all the advances, just not distributed in time. That is our reality.
- This will affect the performance of your obligations to supply?
- Certainly, any influence has already had and has, but their obligations to the airplane we perform. We always have a thousand reasons not to execute the order. And we must find a unique opportunity to carry it out. Believe that Vyacheslav (Boguslayev - AviaPort ") sharpens the question correctly. But there is no doubt that the engines we do with him in time.
- And what about the longer life of the AI-222?
- The machine on the stand should be worked for more than 500 cycles. We have State tests, signed certificate of completion from the State tests TBO of 350 hours and designated - 600 hours. Now the car speeding along the next increment of the resource. Yes, there was a period when there was no cash. Currently, CPP Irkut provided funding, and we are working even on holidays. So prior to the delivery of engines as the planes start to fly, we shall bring this resource.
- As for the engine D-27, you have the 2010 agreement was signed with "Motor Sich" for the supply of kits?
- This agreement was signed earlier. It was necessary to build seven engines - we have this program implemented. But further there is no clarity as to engines.
- At one time you are together with our Ukrainian partners have made a joint proposal for the engine for the MS-21. What is the fate of this project?
- Yes, we came out with a proposal on joint development with Ukraine, on the basis of engine D-436. We felt that in duration, and cost is a variant should be significantly more attractive than developing a new engine from scratch. That is, we are not against the development of a new engine - for God's sake! The idea was that while the DD-14 will be created, tested, certified - it takes time, and this process is not cheap. But to make due to lack of engine airplane is not idle, we have proposed a faster version. I am sure that this is not a waste of money, the parameters of the engine are obtained fairly decent. And the engine is not created from scratch, and waste sites. In this case, the technical risk is minimal.
- You will be somehow involved in the program PD-14?
- "Salute" is involved in PD-14, we are working with Permyak.
- And in what part?
- Some sites for us securely. In particular, work on the gears, together make the gearbox and other sites.
- And on the engine based on the D-436 are you waiting for some solution Irkut?
- Of course, the customer must be, because we do not just have to practice drawing. That specification, which was presented, which is implemented in this engine. Therefore, the solution for Irkut.
But I want to say that if you hand tie and the year look like - it will wither. Also, and industry. Do not let her eat, there is no demand - it all wither away. Today, still, at least, we can not completely interrupt the connection between generations.
- Probably the most important program for our engine - is the creation of the engine for the PAK FA. In your opinion, how to proceed, conduct tender "
- There is an agreement with the JDC that the current situation where there JDC and "Salute", responsible for the entire program will be the JDC. We have already agreed among themselves the distribution of nodes around fifty-fifty. Another question - who will be responsible for the engine, whose ideology be based on? I believe that the ideology responsible for the technical aspects KB should be selected on a competitive basis, even if it is determined under one structure, say, the JDC. After all the paper stand, so you can paint, and then say: "Well, guys, you know - there is no such materials. Product must be modern, and sophisticated, but also implemented in real time. Therefore, there is desired, but there is something that can realistically be achieved. Ideologist engine should be the one who won. That's my opinion. Today, in order not to lose time, you need to declare the second stage of the competition at least for the creation of a gas generator. This will sharply reduce the level of technical risk and significantly speed up the process, and will not require extra costs from the state.
- Another question - the deployment of mass production engine of the fifth generation. Where is it advisable to do?
- It would be better to do, where have all the prerequisites, have the equipment, prepared by the production. I think that the main contenders will be "Salute" and UMPO.
- Returning to the theme of cooperation. You recently traveled to Samara. What was the purpose of your trip?
- We have a long-standing good relationship with Nikolai Nikitin (head SNTK im.Kuznetsova - AviaPort). The situation is complicated, but I believe that far from hopeless. I looked at this complex, KB, looked the most unique test facilities, which, of course, must be loaded. It is important that we do not duplicate each other, and do not spend money on something that they have, in fact work together more cheaply. Moreover, in Samara except themselves Stand still have top-class specialists.
But there is a problem restoring production engine Tu-160 and its modernization. In my view, Russia strategic aviation needs unambiguously. Profitable, cost-effective - there are is not really relevant. And I suggested that, given the availability of the "Salute" equipment, personnel, we will be very helpful in restoring production of these engines, I'm sure of it.
- Another potential project collaboration - a MAT for MS-21.
- Yes, the winner of a tender left Hamilton. And we have a tripartite agreement between Hamilton, "Salyut" and "aerosil. But there is not even a technical assignment for MAT. While I believe that the Aeros could do no worse than Hamilton. Of course, the decision depends on the airplane. But my opinion - than feed the foreign partners of competitors, would have given all the work of the Russian company.
- And with aerosil "you topics of alternative MAT work?
- From "aerosil," I would say we have a strategic partnership. Suhorosov (General Director of JSC Aeros - AviaPort ") wrote an appeal to join in our integrated structure, it is a matter of time. In the end, the paper - paper, but we informally cooperate, we will make him work, he gave us a lot. And the fact that we are not on the same action, we in no way.
- Another patient theme - basing it on the Moscow area ...
- When we say that Moscow does not place the plants, one should understand that the factory plant discord. I myself have the enemy in order to sharpen the blanks here: costly under the walls of the Kremlin blanks grind. But there are other things. In Moscow alone, can be in any specialty and expertise to train specialists with a deep basic education. And this principle.
We used to have football coach - a graduate of MATI, estimator - Mati, electronics - CPE ... And today, if estimator - that every party is a graduate of MSU, if the designer - he graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute. Designers stationary and transport vehicles - mostly graduates of the Moscow Higher Technical School. Technology - most professionals - coming from MAMI, founders - graduates of the Institute of Steel and Alloys. This is a different school, and in this great advantage. The basis for the state to move from just the innovative path of development. Cadres decide everything.
I always blamed you dear land. But there are few things more expensive. What to do with 10 thousand people? Who will leave Moscow? I suggested the other option: to focus on this area of enterprise counterparts, to create on this basis, it is now fashionable to say, the cluster. Here everything is already there, is prepared pitch, a CB, there Niida - Research Institute of engines, it develops technology for all motor and aggregate plants.
In the Germany company Siemens creates and experiencing power plants with capacity over 200 MW in almost the center of Berlin, and West Berlin.
Here in Moscow and the need to create new designs, new technologies, develop them, produce prototypes, because the number and technologists, and designers. Then bring to the series and send to the periphery. Once upon a time in Omsk is a powerful KB, strong technological base. But in the next five or six years problematical. So here it is necessary to design, and there - give work to parallel the creation of KB.
- Russia's Defense Ministry had complied with its obligations. The aircraft must produce and deliver to the Ministry of Defense Nizhny Novgorod Sokol. He received all the advances, just not distributed in time. That is our reality.
- This will affect the performance of your obligations to supply?
- Certainly, any influence has already had and has, but their obligations to the airplane we perform. We always have a thousand reasons not to execute the order. And we must find a unique opportunity to carry it out. Believe that Vyacheslav (Boguslayev - AviaPort ") sharpens the question correctly. But there is no doubt that the engines we do with him in time.
- And what about the longer life of the AI-222?
- The machine on the stand should be worked for more than 500 cycles. We have State tests, signed certificate of completion from the State tests TBO of 350 hours and designated - 600 hours. Now the car speeding along the next increment of the resource. Yes, there was a period when there was no cash. Currently, CPP Irkut provided funding, and we are working even on holidays. So prior to the delivery of engines as the planes start to fly, we shall bring this resource.
- As for the engine D-27, you have the 2010 agreement was signed with "Motor Sich" for the supply of kits?
- This agreement was signed earlier. It was necessary to build seven engines - we have this program implemented. But further there is no clarity as to engines.
- At one time you are together with our Ukrainian partners have made a joint proposal for the engine for the MS-21. What is the fate of this project?
- Yes, we came out with a proposal on joint development with Ukraine, on the basis of engine D-436. We felt that in duration, and cost is a variant should be significantly more attractive than developing a new engine from scratch. That is, we are not against the development of a new engine - for God's sake! The idea was that while the DD-14 will be created, tested, certified - it takes time, and this process is not cheap. But to make due to lack of engine airplane is not idle, we have proposed a faster version. I am sure that this is not a waste of money, the parameters of the engine are obtained fairly decent. And the engine is not created from scratch, and waste sites. In this case, the technical risk is minimal.
- You will be somehow involved in the program PD-14?
- "Salute" is involved in PD-14, we are working with Permyak.
- And in what part?
- Some sites for us securely. In particular, work on the gears, together make the gearbox and other sites.
- And on the engine based on the D-436 are you waiting for some solution Irkut?
- Of course, the customer must be, because we do not just have to practice drawing. That specification, which was presented, which is implemented in this engine. Therefore, the solution for Irkut.
But I want to say that if you hand tie and the year look like - it will wither. Also, and industry. Do not let her eat, there is no demand - it all wither away. Today, still, at least, we can not completely interrupt the connection between generations.
- Probably the most important program for our engine - is the creation of the engine for the PAK FA. In your opinion, how to proceed, conduct tender "
- There is an agreement with the JDC that the current situation where there JDC and "Salute", responsible for the entire program will be the JDC. We have already agreed among themselves the distribution of nodes around fifty-fifty. Another question - who will be responsible for the engine, whose ideology be based on? I believe that the ideology responsible for the technical aspects KB should be selected on a competitive basis, even if it is determined under one structure, say, the JDC. After all the paper stand, so you can paint, and then say: "Well, guys, you know - there is no such materials. Product must be modern, and sophisticated, but also implemented in real time. Therefore, there is desired, but there is something that can realistically be achieved. Ideologist engine should be the one who won. That's my opinion. Today, in order not to lose time, you need to declare the second stage of the competition at least for the creation of a gas generator. This will sharply reduce the level of technical risk and significantly speed up the process, and will not require extra costs from the state.
- Another question - the deployment of mass production engine of the fifth generation. Where is it advisable to do?
- It would be better to do, where have all the prerequisites, have the equipment, prepared by the production. I think that the main contenders will be "Salute" and UMPO.
- Returning to the theme of cooperation. You recently traveled to Samara. What was the purpose of your trip?
- We have a long-standing good relationship with Nikolai Nikitin (head SNTK im.Kuznetsova - AviaPort). The situation is complicated, but I believe that far from hopeless. I looked at this complex, KB, looked the most unique test facilities, which, of course, must be loaded. It is important that we do not duplicate each other, and do not spend money on something that they have, in fact work together more cheaply. Moreover, in Samara except themselves Stand still have top-class specialists.
But there is a problem restoring production engine Tu-160 and its modernization. In my view, Russia strategic aviation needs unambiguously. Profitable, cost-effective - there are is not really relevant. And I suggested that, given the availability of the "Salute" equipment, personnel, we will be very helpful in restoring production of these engines, I'm sure of it.
- Another potential project collaboration - a MAT for MS-21.
- Yes, the winner of a tender left Hamilton. And we have a tripartite agreement between Hamilton, "Salyut" and "aerosil. But there is not even a technical assignment for MAT. While I believe that the Aeros could do no worse than Hamilton. Of course, the decision depends on the airplane. But my opinion - than feed the foreign partners of competitors, would have given all the work of the Russian company.
- And with aerosil "you topics of alternative MAT work?
- From "aerosil," I would say we have a strategic partnership. Suhorosov (General Director of JSC Aeros - AviaPort ") wrote an appeal to join in our integrated structure, it is a matter of time. In the end, the paper - paper, but we informally cooperate, we will make him work, he gave us a lot. And the fact that we are not on the same action, we in no way.
- Another patient theme - basing it on the Moscow area ...
- When we say that Moscow does not place the plants, one should understand that the factory plant discord. I myself have the enemy in order to sharpen the blanks here: costly under the walls of the Kremlin blanks grind. But there are other things. In Moscow alone, can be in any specialty and expertise to train specialists with a deep basic education. And this principle.
We used to have football coach - a graduate of MATI, estimator - Mati, electronics - CPE ... And today, if estimator - that every party is a graduate of MSU, if the designer - he graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute. Designers stationary and transport vehicles - mostly graduates of the Moscow Higher Technical School. Technology - most professionals - coming from MAMI, founders - graduates of the Institute of Steel and Alloys. This is a different school, and in this great advantage. The basis for the state to move from just the innovative path of development. Cadres decide everything.
I always blamed you dear land. But there are few things more expensive. What to do with 10 thousand people? Who will leave Moscow? I suggested the other option: to focus on this area of enterprise counterparts, to create on this basis, it is now fashionable to say, the cluster. Here everything is already there, is prepared pitch, a CB, there Niida - Research Institute of engines, it develops technology for all motor and aggregate plants.
In the Germany company Siemens creates and experiencing power plants with capacity over 200 MW in almost the center of Berlin, and West Berlin.
Here in Moscow and the need to create new designs, new technologies, develop them, produce prototypes, because the number and technologists, and designers. Then bring to the series and send to the periphery. Once upon a time in Omsk is a powerful KB, strong technological base. But in the next five or six years problematical. So here it is necessary to design, and there - give work to parallel the creation of KB.
M2快完成了?
楼主升少将比那个谁都快呀。
benshan 发表于 2010-4-5 21:46 
The next version - AL-31FM-2 with the thrust of 14,5 tons. This engine has already been created, it has already worked through on the stand. This machine has a new digital control system, the changes are and the turbine, and combustion chamber.
The next version - AL-31FM-2 with the thrust of 14,5 tons. This engine has already been created, it has already worked through on the stand. This machine has a new digital control system, the changes are and the turbine, and combustion chamber.
回复 6# JSTCVW09CD
进度比起土星的117S还是差多了，后者今年就要进入批产了。
进度比起土星的117S还是差多了，后者今年就要进入批产了。
努力回帖 为了看到更多更精彩的
那个投资试验呢？
SSJ100 发表于 2010-4-5 22:33
M2,M3 2007年就上台架试验了。 问题是谁出钱试验去。
M2,M3 2007年就上台架试验了。 问题是谁出钱试验去。
M2不是说07年底08年初就完成了试验吗
M2, M3发动机制造了很多台， 问题是谁去出钱完成所有试验呢
不是说TG出钱，现在又不出了？菜鸟，轻拍
据说M3是个好东西，毛子又投资了，不知我们是否还能得到。
毛子不会连做测试的钱都没有吧？
現在出來怎麼覺得有點雞肋了~
楼主，我要看中文版！！
比上不足，比下有余。
回复 6# JSTCVW09CD
地面试验结束了？
地面试验结束了？
2010年4月5号--萨留特老总专访--M2-M3
《兵器》杂志2012年2月号刊登国产地面重装备独家专访， ...
专访南航老总澄清挫败空难细节
苏霍伊老总正式接手 米格公司被吞并已成定局2009年01月1 ...
老总专访泄密：和毛子合作的35吨起飞重量重型直升机马上 ...
看看凤凰卫视的"专访京沪高铁老总"，很多爆料，票价 ...
2012年9月26日香港商报——【徐增平接受香港商报专访】
专访
习近平04年专访视频
专访高金素梅：8月还去日本抗议
■■ 《NAAS》89 期（2010年5月号）预告 4月上市 ...
■■ 《NAAS》89 期（2010年5月号）预告 4月上市 ...