Lizyu提出SU-33预警机,俺YY舰载预警/反潜/加油/运输机 ...

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Lizyu提出了用SU-33来充当预警机,这个只是应急而已。长远来讲,应该设计专用预警机。考虑到航母上舰载机有存在飞机平台通用的趋势,在我们的舰载预警机尚未问世前,特YY舰载预警/反潜/加油/运输机平台,希望能够抛砖引玉。

    航母上舰载机的功能需求有:战斗、攻击、预警、电子战、反潜、救援、加油、运输。那么,上面这些功能中,一些可以采用同一个飞机平台,从而减少研制的飞机种类,减低研制和生产费用。
    很显然,多方面考虑的结果,能够整合的最少的飞机平台是三个:
    1、战斗/攻击/电子战飞机平台;
    2、预警/运输机平台;
    3、救援直升机;
    剩下看反潜和加油由那个平台来承担:加油是可以由战斗/攻击/电子战飞机平台来承担,譬如现在的F-18伙伴加油机,优点是加油和受油机速度相差不大,容易在两个飞机之间进行速度协调,缺点是运载油量有限,效率不高。反潜可以由直升机来承担,但直升机速度慢,反潜巡逻时间短,效率低。

    鄙人的构思是将加油功能和反潜采用预警/运输平台,下面看是否有可能:

    E-2为了长时间巡逻,选择了省油的螺旋桨和平直机翼加圆盘机械雷达的解决办法。不过E-2的载人数量不多,只有5人:2个飞行员+3个操作员,可以增加到6人,虽然机身内还装了许多电子设备,机身空间其实并不是很大。S-3反潜机乘员4人,正副驾驶员在驾驶舱内,战术协调员和声纳员在后舱。起飞重量上,S-3最大起飞重量是23.8吨,E-2最大起飞重量是24多吨,相差不大。在升限上,也都是1万米多一点。从这个角度来看,将两种飞机合并完全是有可能的。至于加油机,S-3有改成加油机的先例。而E-2就是用C-2运输机改的。所以这四种合并是一定基础的。

    将这四种飞机合并到一个平台,关于平台的设计,鄙人的建议是:采用BWB(翼身融合体)技术和现有传统技术结合的喷气式飞机。

    BWB可以大幅提高运输机的升阻比,可以从常见运输机的14-18升高到22以上。但是BWB也面临缺少尾翼配平困难的问题,所以航母上难以直接采用BWB构型。俺的构思是修正的BWB构型,即BWB构型中间增加一个稍微传统的机身向前和向后延伸,向后延伸成后安装传统的水平尾翼和垂尾(也可以是没有水平尾翼和垂尾,直接是一个V字形尾翼)。

    大家知道,对于反潜机和加油机,机翼下的空间很宝贵,应该将机身下方空出来。预警机的雷达通常是安装在机身上方。不过,现在的相控阵雷达可以是与机身进行融合设计,故可以将相控阵雷达安装到机身的侧面(譬如以色列基于伊尔76搞的费尔康预警机)。综合考虑这方面的情况,建议采用接近上单翼的布局,留出充足的机身侧面空间,布置较长较大的舱,用来安装相控阵雷达、反潜声纳和武器、加油机的油箱等。

    发动机采用非加力涡扇发动机,由于机身下要安装众多设备,将进气口放在机身上部,留出机身下部空间,发动机安装在飞机尾部。

    小结一下这样的飞机:上单翼BWB和常规机身融合布局;发动机在尾部,进气口位于机身上部;机身下侧面布置两个大型的舱室,用于安装各种设备。

    下面分别讲四种飞机:

    预警机:机身内部布置与雷达和指挥、通讯相关设备并容纳人员;相控阵雷达安装在机身侧面的两个大型舱室,舱室由非金属材料制作,雷达波可穿透;舱室可以进行供电和温度调整。该舱与机身融合比较好,气动阻力比较小。

    反潜机:机身内部容纳电子设备和人员,机身侧面的大型舱安装反潜武器、声纳设备等用于探测。

    运输机和加油机合并:当作运输机使用时,机身全部用于容纳人员和货物,机身侧面大舱室改成油箱;当作加油机时,在机翼下方加挂加油吊舱,机身内部拆去座椅,放置可充氮气带支撑的软油箱,机身侧面大舱室保留为油箱。

   欢迎大家拍砖或提出自己的设想!Lizyu提出了用SU-33来充当预警机,这个只是应急而已。长远来讲,应该设计专用预警机。考虑到航母上舰载机有存在飞机平台通用的趋势,在我们的舰载预警机尚未问世前,特YY舰载预警/反潜/加油/运输机平台,希望能够抛砖引玉。

    航母上舰载机的功能需求有:战斗、攻击、预警、电子战、反潜、救援、加油、运输。那么,上面这些功能中,一些可以采用同一个飞机平台,从而减少研制的飞机种类,减低研制和生产费用。
    很显然,多方面考虑的结果,能够整合的最少的飞机平台是三个:
    1、战斗/攻击/电子战飞机平台;
    2、预警/运输机平台;
    3、救援直升机;
    剩下看反潜和加油由那个平台来承担:加油是可以由战斗/攻击/电子战飞机平台来承担,譬如现在的F-18伙伴加油机,优点是加油和受油机速度相差不大,容易在两个飞机之间进行速度协调,缺点是运载油量有限,效率不高。反潜可以由直升机来承担,但直升机速度慢,反潜巡逻时间短,效率低。

    鄙人的构思是将加油功能和反潜采用预警/运输平台,下面看是否有可能:

    E-2为了长时间巡逻,选择了省油的螺旋桨和平直机翼加圆盘机械雷达的解决办法。不过E-2的载人数量不多,只有5人:2个飞行员+3个操作员,可以增加到6人,虽然机身内还装了许多电子设备,机身空间其实并不是很大。S-3反潜机乘员4人,正副驾驶员在驾驶舱内,战术协调员和声纳员在后舱。起飞重量上,S-3最大起飞重量是23.8吨,E-2最大起飞重量是24多吨,相差不大。在升限上,也都是1万米多一点。从这个角度来看,将两种飞机合并完全是有可能的。至于加油机,S-3有改成加油机的先例。而E-2就是用C-2运输机改的。所以这四种合并是一定基础的。

    将这四种飞机合并到一个平台,关于平台的设计,鄙人的建议是:采用BWB(翼身融合体)技术和现有传统技术结合的喷气式飞机。

    BWB可以大幅提高运输机的升阻比,可以从常见运输机的14-18升高到22以上。但是BWB也面临缺少尾翼配平困难的问题,所以航母上难以直接采用BWB构型。俺的构思是修正的BWB构型,即BWB构型中间增加一个稍微传统的机身向前和向后延伸,向后延伸成后安装传统的水平尾翼和垂尾(也可以是没有水平尾翼和垂尾,直接是一个V字形尾翼)。

    大家知道,对于反潜机和加油机,机翼下的空间很宝贵,应该将机身下方空出来。预警机的雷达通常是安装在机身上方。不过,现在的相控阵雷达可以是与机身进行融合设计,故可以将相控阵雷达安装到机身的侧面(譬如以色列基于伊尔76搞的费尔康预警机)。综合考虑这方面的情况,建议采用接近上单翼的布局,留出充足的机身侧面空间,布置较长较大的舱,用来安装相控阵雷达、反潜声纳和武器、加油机的油箱等。

    发动机采用非加力涡扇发动机,由于机身下要安装众多设备,将进气口放在机身上部,留出机身下部空间,发动机安装在飞机尾部。

    小结一下这样的飞机:上单翼BWB和常规机身融合布局;发动机在尾部,进气口位于机身上部;机身下侧面布置两个大型的舱室,用于安装各种设备。

    下面分别讲四种飞机:

    预警机:机身内部布置与雷达和指挥、通讯相关设备并容纳人员;相控阵雷达安装在机身侧面的两个大型舱室,舱室由非金属材料制作,雷达波可穿透;舱室可以进行供电和温度调整。该舱与机身融合比较好,气动阻力比较小。

    反潜机:机身内部容纳电子设备和人员,机身侧面的大型舱安装反潜武器、声纳设备等用于探测。

    运输机和加油机合并:当作运输机使用时,机身全部用于容纳人员和货物,机身侧面大舱室改成油箱;当作加油机时,在机翼下方加挂加油吊舱,机身内部拆去座椅,放置可充氮气带支撑的软油箱,机身侧面大舱室保留为油箱。

   欢迎大家拍砖或提出自己的设想!
YY一下尺寸数据:
机身长度:20米;
翼展:20米;机翼折叠后宽度:8米
机高:6米
侧面大型舱室尺寸:长:10米;宽:2.5米;深:1.5米
正常起飞重量:28吨,最大30吨;
发动机(两台):初步定用太行非加力型号
续航时间:5小时

航母上装备数量:
预警机:4架
反潜机:4架
运输加油:4架
LZ的想法比较接近美帝的CSA(Common Support Aircraft 即通用支援飞机)计划
想法估计接近,不过好像他们只兼顾了预警/反潜,对于加油和运输不知道如何考虑。

在飞机结构上,与俺的设想不同。

不过,老美那个已经是20年前的东西了。

另外,比较敬佩的是你还保留这么老的东西并把它翻出来给俺看,佩服佩服!
为什么不用涡桨的而用涡扇呢

:o
预警机巡航高度高,涡桨在高空效率不见得比涡扇好。
涡桨速度慢,涡扇要好一些。
涡扇一般也要更安全一些,更便于安装在机身后边和机身上方。
涡桨可以安装机翼上来推进,但很难安装到机身上来推进。所以,用涡桨几乎必须是机翼上安装,这样的话机身是不便于安装侧向包形相控阵雷达天线。飞机的构型几乎也只能是E-2那种,而E-2那种构型,搞加油机还是比较困难的,而S-3就可以搞加油机。

综合多方面考虑,还是采用涡扇更好一些。
更改一下载机数量:
1、战斗/攻击机应该有:24
2、电子战:4架
3、预警机:4-5架
4、反潜机:6架
5、运输加油:4架
6、救援反潜直升机:6架

总共48-49架,似乎5万吨左右航母就可以。
]]
个人觉得这样的飞机气动布局难度似乎有点大。
我的建议是采用常规机身上单翼,机翼肋下紧贴机身装涡扇发动机。就是类似于H6的布局,但机身要缩小到22m左右。:D
原帖由 TSQ 于 2008-6-25 02:02 发表
更改一下载机数量:
1、战斗/攻击机应该有:24
2、电子战:4架
3、预警机:4-5架
4、反潜机:6架
5、运输加油:4架
6、救援反潜直升机:6架

总共48-49架,似乎5万吨左右航母就可以。

我估计中国的航母不会只是一个飞机平台,上面肯定需要有相当数量的防空导弹。所以5W够呛。

从你给的这个配置来看,航母确实是越大越好。毕竟除了战斗机以外的都是个定数,战斗机、攻击机的数目越多。平均下来,每一架的成本就越低。
原帖由 severl1983 于 2008-6-25 02:15 发表
个人觉得这样的飞机气动布局难度似乎有点大。
我的建议是采用常规机身上单翼,机翼肋下紧贴机身装涡扇发动机。就是类似于H6的布局,但机身要缩小到22m左右。:D


研制啥飞机是次要的。主要的是到底想不想研制平台的计划。
H6布局不好,把关键的翼身结合下空间都占了。唯一的好处是用于加油机时似乎加油吊舱好处理,但也比不上将发动机放在机身尾部,进气道方在上部好。

俺提的这个气动布局,主要的问题是比较新,可能存在一定技术风险。但从任务灵活性上来讲,还是不错的。

对于大飞机项目,目前调集的主要还是西安和上海的力量,其他地方应该会调动,但不多。俺觉得,这样大小的飞机,沈飞在吃透SU-27气动布局的基础上,单独干还是有可能的。正好他们也在积累歼11上舰的经验。结构设计、气动增升设计上许多还是可以借鉴。其他的亚音速运输机技术,如果能够调集其他一些地方的实力,譬如哈飞的设计实力,或许有可能。不过,哈飞没有搞过增压座舱,能帮多大忙,也很难说。

其实,俺感觉还是是否愿意下决心的问题,不单单是技术问题。
原帖由 docliu 于 2008-6-25 02:19 发表


研制啥飞机是次要的。主要的是到底想不想研制平台的计划。

我是在想现在急需一种通用的预警/加油/运输平台。
熟悉的气动开发比前卫的要花的时间少啊。
或者在开发lz所提的平台的时候,再来个备胎。
]]
原帖由 severl1983 于 2008-6-25 04:17 发表

我是在想现在急需一种通用的预警/加油/运输平台。
熟悉的气动开发比前卫的要花的时间少啊。
或者在开发lz所提的平台的时候,再来个备胎。

有道理,除了俺构思的这个构型外,前面洛克希德的那个方案其实也不错,不过气动布局也更新,因为采用了鸭式布局。
不过,俺比较纳闷的是洛克希德的那个飞机气动布局中,鸭翼对进气是不是有很大的影响。
洛克希德的方案似乎也可以实现运输功能。加油估计也能够实现。
看来专业飞机制造公司的设计非常不错。
就不知道美国现在的E-2之后的飞机是如何考虑的,难道E-2一致要用下去?
这是当年的报道:报道的图就是前面的3楼贴的图,俺就不上图了。
U.S. E-32 Pelican Support Aircraft  

Excerpt from Fox's Combat Aircraft of the World, 2090 to 2091:

The E-32 Pelican began its life as the CSA (Common Support Aircraft) in the early 1990s. It was designed to replace a number of fixed-wing aircraft operating from the decks of the US Navy's aircraft carriers. These aircraft were the C-2 Greyhound, S-3B Viking, EA-6B Prowler, E-2C Hawkeye, and ES-3A Shadow. The main thought for the CSA was cost. Using one common airframe for many or all support functions would cut back on development coasts and lower the per-unit cost. Maintenance crews would only need to be trained on one type of aircraft rather than many. Parts commonality meant reduced logistical requirements with engines, avionics components, tires, and so on being common to all models. All of these reasons drastically reduced the cost of developing and operating the Pelican. Furthermore, in a constrained environment of budget crunches or in an emergency battle damage control situation, cannibalization of some aircraft could keep others flying and functional.

Development of the E-32 was delayed because of the services life extension programs for the Hawkeye, Greyhound, Viking, and Shadow. In addition, production of the EF-18G Growler to replace the Prowler was interpreted by many in Congress that the Navy was not serious about the program. However, the Navy did need the new airframes and development began in earnest in the last years of the 2000's. The first prototype flew in 2012, but several problems with the design arose that had to be worked out. The first operational units went to sea on the USS Midway in 2018.

In the Twenty-Thirties, the revolution in new materials made most aircraft obsolete. As they were only support aircraft, the Pelicans were not immediately refitted with these new ceramics and composites. In the later part of the Twenty-Forties, new fusion turbine engines became available. Although there was some discussion to developing a new support aircraft to replace the Pelican using these new technologies, funding was not available. Instead, a services life extension program for the Pelican was initiated. Over the course of the next fifteen years, the Pelican airframes were completely rebuilt, giving them an additional twenty years of service. The upgraded Pelican was supplemented by variants of the new V-22N Super Osprey, but remained invaluable in the Navy. It was eventually replaced by the EV-84 Kingfisher VTOL, although it is still used by a few smaller nations around the world.

The E-32 Pelican was built in several variants to fulfill a number of roles for the US Navy. These included carrier on-board delivery (COD), anti-submarine warfare (ASW), electronic surveillance (ES), electronic warfare (EW), aerial refueling, and airborne early warning (AEW). The COD variant has a crew of two with space for up to twenty passengers or twelve tons of cargo internally. The COD can also be used assault transport and can carry 14 light or medium power armors in place of the normal passenger load. The ASW version has a crew of four with two sensor operator. This version carries magnetic detection equipment, provision to carry eighty sonar buoys, and an internal weapons bay for torpedoes or depth charges. This takes up all of the aircrafts ability to carry passengers or cargo. The wing hard points normally carry torpedoes for use against submarines. The EW/ES variant has the weapons bay replaced with an extended crew cabin and powerful electronic sensors and jamming equipment. A crew of six including four sensor operators operates the aircraft. The AEW version carries powerful radar and sensory equipment including two side mounted phased array radar systems. The aircraft also has a crew of six including four sensor operators. While most of the passenger space has been removed, the E-32B is designed to carry an extra officer to act as a commander. The aerial refueling variant has only a crew of two, but carried thirty thousand pounds of fuel that could be transferred to other aircraft. When the Pelican airframes were upgraded in the Twenty-Forties, these aircraft were no longer needed and were either retired or sold to other nations still using conventional aircraft.

Model Type: C-32A Carrier Onboard Delivery (COD)
S-32A Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)
E-32A Electronics Warfare (EW)/Electronic Surveillance (ES)
E-32B Airborne Early Warning (AEW)
K-32A Airborne Refueling
Class: Military VTOL Jet General Platform Crew: C-32A 2 (Pilot and Co-Pilot)
S-32A 4 (Pilot, Co-Pilot, 2 Sensor Operators)
E-32A 6 (Pilot, Co-Pilot, and 4 Sensor Operators)
E-32B 6 (Pilot, Co-Pilot, and 4 Sensor Operators)
K-32A 2 (Pilot and Co-Pilot)
Troops: C-32A 20 Normal and 14 in Light or Medium Power Armor
S-32A None
E-32A E-32B 1 (Commander)
E-32B None
K-32A None


M.D.C. by Location:  [1] Wings (2): 120 each
[2] Elevators (2): 50 each
[2] Rudders (2): 50 each
Cockpit: 65
Cargo Bay Doors: 65
Side Doors (2): 35 each
Top Radar Sensor (E-32B - Early E-32B Only): 100
Phased Array Radar Pods (2, Sides - Late E-32B Only): 100 each
[2] Engines (2): 125 each
[3] Main Body: 200
Landing Gear (3): 15 each


Notes:
[1] Destroying a wing will cause the aircraft to crash.
[2] Destruction of rudders or one elevator will still allow the aircraft to be controlled by the varying of power levels of the engines but aircraft has a penalty of -10 to dodge, and a -30% penalty to all piloting rolls. Destruction of both of the elevators will leave the aircraft uncontrollable and the crew must eject to survive. The destruction of one of the engine will cause the aircraft to crash.
[3] Depleting the M.D.C. of the main body will shut the aircraft down completely, rendering it useless and causing it to crash if in flight.

Speed:
Driving on Ground (Taxiing): Only possible for take offs and landings as well as for parking and storage. Speed is 40 mph (64 kph) when traveling and not on take off or landing.
Flying: The maximum speed of the aircraft is 600 mph (965.6 kph) with a maximum altitude of 45,000 ft (13,716 m).
Range: The older conventional models had a range of 2700 miles (4345.2 km). The newer fusion powered models had virtually unlimited range. The cooling system was very good for its day, but did have its limitations. The aircraft can fly up to 18 hours if flying at less than 500 mph (256 kph) and can fly for 8 hours at 500 mph (256 kph) or greater.

Statistical Data:
Height: 20 feet (6.1 meters)
Width: 72 feet (21.9 meters)
Length: 60 feet (18.3 meters)
Weight: 20 tons (22 metric tons) fully loaded.
Cargo: C-32A: 12 tons, passengers or troops can be carried instead. K-32A: None. S-32A: Normally has little cargo space due to carrying sonar buoys. If they are not carried, a maximum of 6 tons may be carried. E-32A/B: Minimal (Storage for small equipment). Cargo loads do not include external hard points on any of the models.
Power Source: Nuclear, Should have an average life span of 20 years.
Black Market Cost: Not Available on the black market. If available, the COD model would be worth around 8-10 million, the ASW model would be worth around 25-30 million credits, the EW/ES version would be worth about 40-50 million credits due to advanced sensor systems, and the AEW version would sell for around 70-80 million credits due to advanced sensor systems.

Weapon Systems:

Internal Ordnance Bay (S-32A only): The aircraft has a large bay in the main body that can carry a wide variety of different ordnance types. Ordnance types include torpedoes, missiles, and bombs. While depth charges can be carried, their limited utility means that torpedoes are carried. As the S-32A is designed for anti-submarine warfare, it almost always carries torpedoes internally. Missile and bomb sizes may be mixed between different types of ordnance but an ordnance drop or launch must include the same type and size of ordnance. Ordnance may be carried at the rate of four short range missiles, four light bombs, two medium range missiles, or two medium bombs for one long range missile or heavy bomb. Both guided and unguided ordnance may be carried. An equivalent number of torpedoes or depth charges to the number of missiles and bombs may also be carried.
Maximum Effective Range: Varies by missile type for missile type and varies by altitude bombs are dropped at (Go to Revised bomb and missile table). Torpedoes: 20 miles (32 km) for medium range and 40 miles (64 km) for long range torpedoes.
Mega Damage: Varies by missile, torpedo (See Revised Rifts Torpedoes) or bomb type (Go to Revised bomb and missile table).
Rate of Fire: Ordnance is dropped or fired one at a time or in volleys of two but must be the same size (light, medium, or heavy) and style of ordnance (all missiles or bombs in a volley)
Payload: 8 light torpedoes, 4 medium torpedoes, or 2 heavy torpedoes. Ordnance can be mixed and torpedoes and depth charges may be carried as well as missiles and bombs.
Ordnance Hard Points (S-32A & E-32A only) (4): The aircraft has four hard points with two under each wing. Missiles, rocket packs, and bombs can be mixed or matched but all ordnance on a hard point must be the same type.
Bombs and Missiles: The only restriction is that a hard point must carry all the same type of missiles or bombs. Both unguided and guided bombs can be carried. These are often replaced by torpedoes on the S-23A Anti-Submarine Warfare model.
Maximum Effective Range: Varies by missile type for missile type and varies by altitude bombs are dropped at (Go to Revised bomb and missile table). Torpedoes: 20 miles (32 km) for medium range and 40 miles (64 km) for long range torpedoes.
Mega Damage: Varies by missile, torpedo (See Revised Rifts Torpedoes) or bomb type (Go to Revised bomb and missile table).
Rate of Fire: Missiles and Torpedoes can be fired and bombs can be dropped one at a time per hard point. Multiple hard points can be linked as one attack but must be the same size (light, medium, or heavy) and style of ordnance (all missiles, torpedoes, or bombs in a volley)
Payload: One Long Range Missile, Long Range Torpedo or Heavy Bomb per Hard Point. Two Medium Range Missiles / Medium Range Torpedoes / Medium Bombs or four Short Range missiles / Light bombs can be substituted for One Long Range Missile/Heavy Bomb.)
Mini-Missile Pod: Large capacity mini-missile pod. Each pod requires one Hard Point. The Aircraft normally carries missile pods for ground strafing, anti-troop, and anti-emplacement attacks. Normal missile used are armor piercing, plasma, or fragmentation mini-missiles.
Maximum Effective Range: Varies with missile types, mini-missiles only (Go to Revised bomb and missile table).
Mega Damage: Varies with mini-missile types (Go to Revised bomb and missile table).
Rate of fire: Each pod can fire one at a time or in volleys of 2, 4, 8, or 16 and can be linked with other mini missile pods for greater number of missiles (Counts as one attack no matter how many missiles in volley)
Payload: each pod carries 16 mini-missiles.
Anti-Missile Chaff Dispenser: Located at the very tail of the aircraft are two chaff dispensers. When tailed by a missile, a cloud of chaff and other obtrusive particles can be released to confuse or detonate the enemy's attack. Rifts Earth decoys systems are assumed to not operate against Phase World missiles due to technological difference. Reduce effects by 20% against smart missiles (Add +20% to rolls for smart missiles.)
Effect:
01-50 Enemy missile or missile volley detonates in chaff cloud - Missile are all destroyed
51-75 Enemy missile or missile volley loses track of real target and veers away in wrong direction (May lock onto another target)
76-00 No effect, missile is still on target
Also note that the chaff cloud will also blind flying monsters that fly through cloud. They will suffer the following penalties: reduce melee attacks/actions, combat bonuses, and speed by half. Duration: 1D4 melee rounds.
Payload: Eight (8)
Special Equipment:
Standard:
The aircraft has all the standard features of a standard fighter (same as standard robot including loudspeaker and microphone on this aircraft) plus these special features listed. These are carried on all models except where it is replaced by better systems.

Internal Active Jamming Gear: Causes -25% to detection but when it is active, other vehicles/ bases can detect that it is jamming, and some missiles will home in on jamming signals. Jamming also causes a -4 penalty to all radar guided weapons.
E.S.M.: Radar Detector, Passively detects other radars being operated.
FLIR: Forward Looking Infrared. Allows pilot and weapons officer to get visuals on targets at night.
Laser Navigational System: Allow flight at low altitude without use of Radar. Gives a map of the Terrain.
Special Equipment for the S-32A Anti-Submarine Warfare Model:

M.A.D. Gear: This is special equipment that has the ability to detect metal objects. M.A.D. stands for Magnetic Anomaly Detector. This is very effective at detecting submarines. Range: 2 miles (3.2 km) to either side of aircraft.
Special Equipment for the E-32A Electronic Warfare/Electronic Surveillance (EW/ES) Model:

ALIR: Around Looking Infrared. Range 40 miles (64.4 km). A set of IR sensors set to cover the entire hemisphere, including aft of the plane. Allows the Pelican's crew to detect and track targets visually at night by using the heat from its engines.
V. A. S.: Visual magnification that multiplies all images by about 300 times which allows visual identification and tracking of fighter sized objects out to 30 to 40 miles (48.3 km to 64.4 km). System has low light amplifications to allow for the systems use during night time conditions.
Radio Communications: Wide band and directional radio and video telecast capabilities. Range is 1000 miles (1609.3 km) and can communicate with up to 48 vehicles simultaneously.
Laser Communications: Long range directional communication system that was designed to be able to communicate with satellites. Range is 20,000 miles (32,186.8 km) and can communicate with 20 vehicles simultaneously.
Jamming Suite: Replaces all ordnance in the ordnance bay. The system creates a jamming field in a 45 mile (72.4 km) radius in all directions around the aircraft. The system causes all radar system to have a 75% reduction in range. In addition, radar systems will have a -25% penalty to detect all targets within their reduced range. Jamming also causes a -6 penalty to all radar guided weapons within the area but some radar guided missiles can home on jamming signals.
Special Equipment for the E-32B Airborne Early Warning Model:

APY-3 Radar System: This top mounted radar system was originally mounted on this variant. It gave 360 degree coverage, and can track both airborne and surface targets. Radar system has a range of 360 miles (580 km) and can track up to 192 targets simultaneously and can perform intercepts to up to 48 targets simultaneously. The system replaces all weapon systems and cargo capacity with electronic systems and requires 4 crew members to operate.
APY-10 Radar System: This powerful airborne phased array radar was fitted to the Pelican during its services life extension program. Powerful and flexible radar system that is comprised of a top mounted radome and a pair of side panels that each emit radar waves. The system gives 360 degree coverage. If allowed by the horizon, the system can track out to 480 miles (773 km) and can simultaneously track and identify up to 512 targets at one time. The system controls missile launched from other linked vehicles and the system can track and guide each individual missile to a individual target for up to 96 targets. If a target is eliminated, missiles are automatically guided to a new target. The system gives a +10% to read sensory rolls, +2 on initiative, and +1 to strike.
Advanced Communication Package: Give the aircraft the ability of multi-direction communication of 800 miles (1290 km) as well as direction communication out to 500 miles (800 km) to up to 20 individual targets. The system also has 20 laser/microwave communication systems that are only limited by line of sight (Range of about 100,000 miles / 161,000 km).
转贴铁血论坛的网友“大秦铁鹰剑士”的帖子


美国海军本来的规划是发展下一代通用舰载支援飞机(Common Support Aircraft),但CSA的进展一直很慢。最终在军费紧张(部分是因为伊拉克战争的消耗吧)的压力下,美国海军决定提前五年退役所有的S3反潜飞机,航母编队的空中反潜完全交给SH60反潜直升机。




当然,你所说的V22也是一个选择。如果CSA一直搞不定(应该说把预警机加油机反潜巡逻机电子战飞机都搞到一个通用平台上确实是有难度的),那么V22就可能成为一种勉强可以接受的CSA代用品。但可以看出美国海军是非常不愿意选择V22的。一方面是可靠性并不好(出了一堆事故和问题),一方面是航速和航程都很难令人满意(注意S3可是没有螺旋桨的,其快速反应快速巡航能力正是其当年被开发出来取代S2的原因)。况且,V22是一个有美国海军陆战队“基因”的飞机,而美国军队里Navy和Marine的不和是由来已久的,政治因素也导致了海军对V22的冷淡。

[ 转自铁血社区 http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]



CSA迟迟没有推出,用V22又不甘心,S3的飞机机体却很快就要到了疲劳寿命的极限,所以把S3退役来节省高昂的保养维护费用就成了没有选择的选择。但从这也能看出来,美国海军在当前形势下并没有感觉到航母编队受到了冷战高峰时期的那种来自苏联配备大量远程巡航导弹的核潜艇部队的压力。美国海军敢于撤掉航母编队的外围航空反潜,就是因为他们有信心通过陆基航空力量和核潜艇力量的围堵,能够有效的把对手压制在边缘海。而由于布置在对方弹道导弹射程之内的陆基反潜飞机在战时可能因为机场遭受打击而难以保证出击强度,美国海军最重要最可靠的反潜手段就是核潜艇本身。




由此可以看出,美国海军的信心首先来自于对水下力量的信心。就是因为确信海狼、弗吉尼亚、洛杉矶三级核潜艇足以完成对岛链出口通道的水下封锁,美国海军才作出了放弃航母编队固定翼反潜机的决定。




未来的海战首先是水下的海战。取得了潜艇对抗的胜利,才有资格谈论水面上的事情。
CSA多好的理念,怎么不坚持!
舰载机是决定未来航母战斗力最重要的因素。在CVNX上将不再像现在这样装备7~8种机型,而是精简到3~4种,即只装备正在研制中的"联合攻击战斗机JSF(Joint Strike Fighter)"、"通用支援飞机" CSA(Common Support Aircraft)和SH-60R直升机等新一代舰载机。

  目前,在美国海军航空母舰尼米兹级中配置有8种机型:F-14"雄猫"防空战斗机,F/A-18"大黄蜂"战斗/攻击机、EA-6B电子战飞机、S-3A/B反潜机、E-2C预警机、ES-3A电子侦察机、SH-60F"海鹰"反潜直升机及HH-60H运输直升机。美军的航母舰载机配置是一种传统的配置方案,特点是分工较细,利于发挥不同飞机的性能特点,但不利于舰上的起降,给维修也带来不便和困难。JSF是美海、空军联合研制的一种多用途战斗/攻击机。它将用于替换美海军现有各种型号的舰载战斗/攻击机,以及空军的F-16等型号的飞机。JSF飞机共有4种型别,各型飞机在机体结构和材料、飞行系统、电子设备、武器配备以及推 进系统等方面将具有70~90%的通用性。该型机将具备隐身能力,类似美国空军最新研制的F -22隐身战斗机,但其经济性和实用性更好。它可携带先进的内置式空空导弹、空对地(舰) 导弹和各种"智能"武器,具有很强的突防能力和精确打击能力,单机一次出动的杀伤力比 现役飞机提高数倍。样机计划2000年试飞,2004年开始批量生产,2008年空军型开始服役, 海军型将于2010年服役,正好用于搭载到数年后服役的CVNX航母上。

  CSA共用支援机将取代现用的E-2C预警机、S-3B反潜机、EA-6B电子战飞机、ES-3A电子侦察 机,以及一部分由S-3B改装的空中加油机,由统一的CSA机体安装不同的设备,派生成执行 不同支援任务的机种,是一种装有双发动机的多座机,速度为亚音速,大小与现在的S-3型 相近。SH-60R直升机用于取代现役的SH-60F"海鹰"反潜直升机。舰载机的简化和更新无疑 将起到提高航母作战能力、简化维修保养工作以及节省人力的作用。
美国并没有停,只不过进展缓慢,费用高昂而已。

从这个角度来看,如果我们开始研制,虽然基础能力上比美国差,但能够研制出来,与美国佬的之间的差距会比比较小一点。
老美研制这么长时间有很大的一个原因就是他不急需。E2啥的都能用,没有必要立刻替换。

这个CSA系统是航母大系统中非常重要的一环。正如专家所说的,对于庞大的系统而言,不可能等所有分系统都齐备以后再来,因为技术总是不断更新的。同样的,对于航母大系统的升级也不可能所有系统一起。需要的是一个一个慢慢来。这个CSA是一个相当好的突破口。第一,技术上难度比单独研制一款舰载战斗机小,再不济15年也搞出来了;第二,应用时间长,这一款飞机出来,完全可以用30年;第三,对战斗力提高巨大,这种预警机和电子展飞机的战斗力,远胜于Su33的改型。
我想知道,预警机要的是长时间巡逻,SU-33行吗/:L
俺觉得SU-33够呛,不过作为应急使用,或许能顶一顶。
]]
反潜虫子,估计不大可能。
如果这个都可能了,那今后会不会出个“预警虫子”?
看来老美很早就有了将多种机型合并平台的想法。
仔细思考了一下,CSA的设计挺难的:
1、飞行性能要求很高:
   预警机要求高空较高速度的巡航性能,而反潜机要求低空较低速度的巡航性能,还要有良好的起飞降落性能。

2、载荷多样,要求差别巨大:
   预警机的雷达通常布置在机身顶部,而反潜机则必须要求在下部,什么样的结构才能兼顾这两种载荷呢。至于加油、电子战和运输相对好办。

前面图上看到的美国的CSA方案,采用了鸭式结构,估计能够获得较好的飞行性能。不过对于载荷是个问题。预警机放在了尾翼上面,整个重心后移,反潜载荷必须将重量布置在机身和翼下,重心会比预警机靠前,机身下结构似乎还与发动机有所冲突,发动机位置似乎布置起落架并不方便。

按道理美国的CSA的方案应该有流出来的,但看来看去也就是只有有限的集中,不知道到底现在的结构如何。

在俺看来,载荷对布局的影响很大,尤其是预警机的雷达放在上面。雷达放在机身上面无论如何是要考虑机翼的遮挡问题,虽然可以通过空中绕圈巡航来解决,但毕竟还是有影响。所以,E2是平直机翼,雷达距离机翼稍远,机翼不太遮挡。E-3的尺寸够大,所以也不遮挡。如果采用类似E-3布局,譬如在S-3基础上改,由于后掠翼和载机的尺寸较小,遮挡的还是挺明显的,这或许是无法采用S-3布局的原因吧。
采用鸭翼布局,将预警雷达放在垂尾上面,那么机翼对雷达的遮挡会较少,效果也不错。但结果就是带来重心靠后的问题。
从硬件上看,用 EA-18G 改成也能反潜作战的还真有可能

翼下共6个挂点嘛,2个 FT,2个声纳浮标吊舱,2个空投型 MK46

中线挂架可选挂 MK46 或者声纳浮标吊舱,进气道旁的2个挂点挂什么我还没想好

只是,软件性能上的问题就很难说了,毕竟2个人,看起来不太可能 ........
潜艇是要慢慢搜的,用F-18这样的平台,估计没什么效率了吧!
查到的消息是:
对于CSA,前面那个头顶顶着三角形雷达罩的方案,是洛克希德提供的方案中的一个。洛克希德还有一个方案,就是在S-3上增加个圆盘雷达罩。
从飞扬找到的东东:

“采用这种连翼设计的优点是4个机翼上的天线不会因为遮挡降低搜索能力,并且降低天线副瓣,分辨力更强,前掠角屿后掠角都是40度.

这个设计的重点是波段L/S/C的相控阵雷达(这方面军方倒是拨了点点点点的资金),据称可以在1100-640km范围发现截面为1平米的目标,更小目标的探测距离也能够在330-460km处发现,海上小尺寸移动目标探测距离220-280km,更厉害的是4面全方位相控阵雷达与普通雷达由于需要转动因而对高速弹道导弹基本上不能持续观测的问题基本可以解决,达到实时跟踪的水平;

由于载机使用类似S-3的成熟技术,而且连翼机翼本身的低翼载及较好的飞行性能,这架设计中的豪华预警机最大速度可达0.76M(换装发动机后可以达到0.8M),航程也较E2高,最大起飞重量21000kg时达到4800km,带副油箱时不加油可达5500km

关于机翼的折叠在那幅风洞试验图里有个小的示意图

最后的图是一种成本比较低的无人预警设计,同样采用相控阵,不过根据资料来看,应该不是全方位的,对某个角度的扇面进行雷达探测,数据通过数据链发送至舰队,这个倒是很有发展潜力”


贴错了,自己挖了自己的坟。编辑掉。

贴错了,自己挖了自己的坟。编辑掉。
C-130么,可以预警,电子战,运输,炮艇,加油……可以从航母上起飞
有营养,mark,学习
AIM-47 发表于 2008-6-25 00:15


    大大。。米帝这个计划怎么实现。。多久实现。。


LZ。。我到觉得。。TG在航妈上先学会山寨E2在说。。米帝新计划是好看。。不过米帝航妈玩了怎么多年了。。先把米帝的经典山寨了。。在山寨米帝航妈体系出来后。。在考虑不迟。。因为航妈毕竟是个大系统。。不是神器。。毕竟TG航妈走都还没学会。在学那些天顶星级别的计划。。TG吃的消不?。。。

LZ。。我到觉得。。TG在航妈上先学会山寨E2在说。。米帝新计划是好看。。不过米帝航妈玩了怎么多年了。。先把米帝的经典山寨了。。在山寨米帝航妈体系出来后。。在考虑不迟。。因为航妈毕竟是个大系统。。不是神器。。毕竟TG航妈走都还没学会。在学那些天顶星级别的计划。。TG吃的消不?。。。


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我也认为模块化是方向
其实,TG航母如果只是在第一岛链内玩耍,舰载预警机用直升机改改就够用了,只是TG如果图谋在岛链外也要玩耍,那么舰载固定翼预警机平台应该一早就立项搞了
langge945 发表于 2010-1-28 17:12


    是啊,不过咱是YY,就多想了点。