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Known, Reported and Foreign-Source Chinese  Fighter Turbofan Programs
	Engine	Company	Aircraft	Service  Date	Max  Thrust/Afterburner kg/lbs	T-W  Ratio	Notes
PRC
	Qinling  (WS-9)	Xian  Aero Engine Group	JH-7A	2003-2004	9,325+kg  (20,500+lbs)	5+	Co-produced  version of Spey Mk 202; initial deal in 1976 founders; revived in 1998;  co-production of improved version starts in 2003
	Qinling  2a	Xian  Aero Engine Group	JH-7B  ?	2009-2011	9,700kg  ? / (21,400lbs) ?	6.5  ?	Improved  version said to be competitive with the French SNECMA M53-P2
	Huashan  100a	China  Gas Turbine Establish-ment  (GTE) and X抜an Engine Group	J-10;  J-10M	2013  ?	15,530kg  ? / (34,240lbs)	8.1	Reportedly  based on Tumansky R-79 and R-79M turbofans, all tech data for which reported  acquired in late 1990s; to be developed into versions to support new medium,  STOVL and 5th gen fighters
	Taihang  (WS-10A/FWS-10)	Shenyang  Liming Aero Engine	J-11     J-11BS     J-10?     JXX proto-type?	2008?	Reported  goal: 13,200kg / (29,106lbs)     Reportedly achieved: 11,220kg / (24,730lbs) to 12,800kg  / (28,220lbs)	7.5	Development  starts in 1986; reported initial production by 2006; US and Russian tech  influences; has Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC); core serving  as basis for large bypass transport turbofan and naval turbine engine
	Taihang  Mod. (WS-10G)a	Shenyang Liming  Aero Engine	JXX	2012+?	15,500-15,810kg  / (34,117lbs)	9.5	Reported  development of the Taihang intended for 5th generation fighters
	Taishan (WS-13)	Guizhou Aero  Engine Group	FC-1 ?	2010?	80-86.37kN /  (17,980-19,391lbs)	7.8	Development  started in 2000; based largely on RD-33/93 but with substantial new inputs;  2,200 hour life span; reports of 100kN/22,450lbs thrust version in  development
	Unknown  engine	China  Gas Turbine Establish-ment  (GTE) (Chengdu)	FC-1  ?; new Chengdu twin-engine fighter?	2010+?	9,500kg  / (20,940lbs)	n/a	Revealed  at the 2008 Zhuhai Airshow; reported derived from WS-13; FADEC and  axisymetric thrust vectoring nozzle; GTE is designer, but manufacturer is not  known
	Unknown  engine	GTE	n/a	2010+?	4,200kg  / (9,259lbs)	8.1	Different  from but also benefitted from Taihang program; also reported cancelled in  1999, but unknown if it has been succeeded by another progam
	WS-12 / Tanggula / Emei?a	GTE?/Chengdu Engine Group Co.?	J-10	2010+?	13,815kg ? / (30,400+lbs)	8.1	Different from but also benefitted from Taihang  program; also reported cancelled in 1999, but unknown if it has been  succeeded by another progam
			J-10M
			new fighter ?
	WS-15	GTE/Chengdu  Engine Group Co. or 606 Shenyang ?	JXX	Ptype  in 2009?     2014+	Ptype:  16,500kg / (36,380lbs)     Future: 180kN / (18,350kg or 40,340lbs)	9月10日	Not  clear if it is a GTE or 606 or joint program; development likely started in  early 1990s; component production reported started in 2006; 18-ton thrust  program reported by Russian sources
Foreign Fighter Engines
	Spey  RB-168 Mk 202	Rolls  Royce	F-4K/M;  Buccaneer; early JH-7	1968	9,325kg  / (20,500lbs)	5	Early  UK military turbofan development starts in late 1950s; purchased for early  JH-7 development
	RD-33/93	Russia,  Klimov	FC-1     MiG-29	1972  (tested)	8,300kg  / (18,300lbs)	7.8	Improved  version of RD-33 which began development in 1968
	AL-31F	Russia, Saturn	Su-27     Su-30     J-11     J-10 (AL-31FN)	1977 (test  flight)	12,258kg /  (27,557lbs)     AL-31FN: 12,700kg / (28,000lbs)	7.14	Development  likely stated in late 1960s; AL-31FM-2 increases to 13,200kg max thrust;  development up to 15-tons thrust
	F119-PW-100	US, Pratt  Whitney	F-22A	2003	15,570kg /  (35,000lbs)	10?	Included for  comparison; first 5th generation engine; 19.5-ton/43,000lb class F135 powers  the F-35
	Item-117S	Russia,  Saturn	PAK-FA	2015?	14,500-15,000kg?  (32,000-33,070lbs)	10+?	Possible  option for future PLA fighters
Note: This is a tentative listing of known and  reported Chinese turbofan engine programs, performance figures for PRC  engines estimated.
a This  engine抯 existence is reported by Chinese sources but not verified.
Sources: Reports from Chinese web pages including  FYJS, CJDBY, Warsky, Top81, 9 iFly, and author interviews
There  is no public or private source Chinese reference to all ongoing Chinese  turbofan engine programs. Web sites that print AVIC press releases or news  articles, plus a larger number of Chinese military enthusiast web sites  reflect deep interest in China engine development by providing a constant flow of partial  news, speculation and sometimes disinformation. The CJDBY web site has a  specific page devoted to engine  issues, http://bbs.cjdby.net/forumdisplay.php?fid=82

Known, Reported and Foreign-Source Chinese  Fighter Turbofan Programs   EngineCompanyAircraftService  DateMax  Thrust/Afterburner kg/lbsT-W  RatioNotesPRC　Qinling  (WS-9)Xian  Aero Engine GroupJH-7A2003-20049,325+kg  (20,500+lbs)5+Co-produced  version of Spey Mk 202; initial deal in 1976 founders; revived in 1998;  co-production of improved version starts in 2003　Qinling  2aXian  Aero Engine GroupJH-7B  ?2009-20119,700kg  ? / (21,400lbs) ?6.5  ?Improved  version said to be competitive with the French SNECMA M53-P2　Huashan  100aChina  Gas Turbine Establish-ment  (GTE) and X抜an Engine GroupJ-10;  J-10M2013  ?15,530kg  ? / (34,240lbs)8.1Reportedly  based on Tumansky R-79 and R-79M turbofans, all tech data for which reported  acquired in late 1990s; to be developed into versions to support new medium,  STOVL and 5th gen fighters　Taihang  (WS-10A/FWS-10)Shenyang  Liming Aero EngineJ-11
    J-11BS
    J-10?
    JXX proto-type?2008?Reported  goal: 13,200kg / (29,106lbs)
    Reportedly achieved: 11,220kg / (24,730lbs) to 12,800kg  / (28,220lbs)7.5Development  starts in 1986; reported initial production by 2006; US and Russian tech  influences; has Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC); core serving  as basis for large bypass transport turbofan and naval turbine engine　Taihang  Mod. (WS-10G)aShenyang Liming  Aero EngineJXX2012+?15,500-15,810kg  / (34,117lbs)9.5Reported  development of the Taihang intended for 5th generation fighters　Taishan (WS-13)Guizhou Aero  Engine GroupFC-1 ?2010?80-86.37kN /  (17,980-19,391lbs)7.8Development  started in 2000; based largely on RD-33/93 but with substantial new inputs;  2,200 hour life span; reports of 100kN/22,450lbs thrust version in  development　Unknown  engineChina  Gas Turbine Establish-ment  (GTE) (Chengdu)FC-1  ?; new Chengdu twin-engine fighter?2010+?9,500kg  / (20,940lbs)n/aRevealed  at the 2008 Zhuhai Airshow; reported derived from WS-13; FADEC and  axisymetric thrust vectoring nozzle; GTE is designer, but manufacturer is not  known　Unknown  engineGTEn/a2010+?4,200kg  / (9,259lbs)8.1Different  from but also benefitted from Taihang program; also reported cancelled in  1999, but unknown if it has been succeeded by another progam　WS-12 / Tanggula / Emei?aGTE?/Chengdu Engine Group Co.?J-102010+?13,815kg ? / (30,400+lbs)8.1Different from but also benefitted from Taihang  program; also reported cancelled in 1999, but unknown if it has been  succeeded by another progamJ-10Mnew fighter ?　WS-15GTE/Chengdu  Engine Group Co. or 606 Shenyang ?JXXPtype  in 2009?
    2014+Ptype:  16,500kg / (36,380lbs)
    Future: 180kN / (18,350kg or 40,340lbs)9月10日Not  clear if it is a GTE or 606 or joint program; development likely started in  early 1990s; component production reported started in 2006; 18-ton thrust  program reported by Russian sourcesForeign Fighter Engines　Spey  RB-168 Mk 202Rolls  RoyceF-4K/M;  Buccaneer; early JH-719689,325kg  / (20,500lbs)5Early  UK military turbofan development starts in late 1950s; purchased for early  JH-7 development　RD-33/93Russia,  KlimovFC-1
    MiG-291972  (tested)8,300kg  / (18,300lbs)7.8Improved  version of RD-33 which began development in 1968　AL-31FRussia, SaturnSu-27
    Su-30
    J-11
    J-10 (AL-31FN)1977 (test  flight)12,258kg /  (27,557lbs)
    AL-31FN: 12,700kg / (28,000lbs)7.14Development  likely stated in late 1960s; AL-31FM-2 increases to 13,200kg max thrust;  development up to 15-tons thrust　F119-PW-100US, Pratt  WhitneyF-22A200315,570kg /  (35,000lbs)10?Included for  comparison; first 5th generation engine; 19.5-ton/43,000lb class F135 powers  the F-35　Item-117SRussia,  SaturnPAK-FA2015?14,500-15,000kg?  (32,000-33,070lbs)10+?Possible  option for future PLA fightersNote: This is a tentative listing of known and  reported Chinese turbofan engine programs, performance figures for PRC  engines estimated.a This  engine抯 existence is reported by Chinese sources but not verified.Sources: Reports from Chinese web pages including  FYJS, CJDBY, Warsky, Top81, 9 iFly, and author interviews There  is no public or private source Chinese reference to all ongoing Chinese  turbofan engine programs. Web sites that print AVIC press releases or news  articles, plus a larger number of Chinese military enthusiast web sites  reflect deep interest in China engine development by providing a constant flow of partial  news, speculation and sometimes disinformation. The CJDBY web site has a  specific page devoted to engine  issues, http://bbs.cjdby.net/forumdisplay.php?fid=82