MB-399 FD ：21世纪的教练机

我们超级大本营的几个哥们出于学习和方便大家的目的，打算找一些英文的资料翻译翻译，以下是我们的第一个作品，因为英语水平和翻译经验的限制，翻译的结果不如人意，但我们将继续努力，我们相信，我们会越做越好。
我们期待着您的支持和祝福，我们也欢迎任何愿意与我们一同工作的朋友加入到我们的行列
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MB-339 FD : the lead-in fighter trainer of the year 2000 and beyond !
MB-399 FD ：21世纪的教练机

the mb-339 fd is the latest and most advanced version of the mb-339 family of jet trainers which are at present in service with nine customers worldwide.
the aircraft has been conceived and designed as the answer to the new demanding training requirements for the year 2000 and beyond. the mb-339 fd design
formula is based on a winning approach, which ensures an optimum blending of the proven mb-339's excellent performance and flying characteristics, with a new advanced digital glass cockpit and avionic system, utilizing state of the art technology.

md-399 fd 是服役于九个国家的md-399教练机家族中最新和最先进的成员，该机在立项和设计中就考虑到了2000年及以后飞行训练的新的苛刻的要求。最新的工艺，全新的数字化驾驶室和电子系统，加上成功的设计方法，保证了该机拥有良好的性能和优异的飞行品质。


Central to the new avionic system design concept has been the realization of a crew-vehicle interface truly representative of current fighters and to assure significant growth potential to cope with the future requirements imposed by the next generation of combat aircraft.

新的电子系统设计的中心理念在于：人机接口的实现应该即能代表现在的战斗机，又能保证拥有足够的可扩展潜力以适应下一代战斗机的要求

虾米翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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The Italian Air Force has received a first batch of 15 aircraft and a second lot of additional 15 units is under delivery. The result is a training platform that can effectively cover the Lead-In Fighter segment of the training syllabus, enabling student pilots and system operators to transfer their skills to operational aircraft in less time and at reduced costs.
IN ALL, THE MB-339 FD, WITH ITS LOW COST OF OWNERSHIP AND COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS, IS A value-FOR-MONEY SOLUTION FOR MODERN AIR FORCES TRAINING NEEDS.

The MB-339 FD retains and improves the same structural design as the previous versions which has demonstrated: ease of construction and good repairability aximum accessibility to systems and equipments simplicity and sturdiness corrosion proof operations in extreme environmental conditions.
意大利空军已经接收了第一批15架飞机，增加的第二批15件也在运交当中。结果是这样一个训练平台能够有效地包含天线引入线（lead-in）战斗机部分的教程，使学生飞行员和系统操作员能够用比较少的时间和费用就把他们的技术尽快地应用到操作的飞机上。
总的来说，mb-339 fd藉由它的所有权的低费用及充分地服从需求，成为满足现代空军训练需要的低费用解决方法。
mb 339 fd 保持和改进了那些以前的版本拥有的相同的结构设计： 减轻建造和维修的费用；系统和设备的最大兼容性；简易和坚固性；在极端环境状况内的抗腐蚀能力。

fireadder 翻译
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Adoption of new materials, new manufacturing technologies (cold working) and different weight distribution coupled with the installation of a strain counter system for expanded life monitoring will provide an improvement in the structural haracteristics which could be translated into the satisfaction of more demanding load spectra (fighter lead-in or operational role) or in an extension of the 10.000 demonstrated safe fatigue life of the MB-339 C.
采用新材料、新飞机制造工艺（冷工程）以及采用不同重量分配结合压力计系统装置来延长寿命的方法，监控器将会带来结构特有的进步提高，这些改进讲满足多的装载范围（导航人员、驾驶员）或者能够扩展10.000mb-3396这种飞机的安全杂役能力。

随缘飞 翻译
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Flight Control System 飞行控制系统
The MB-339 FD retains the safe and reliable flight control system architeture

of all the MB-339  MB-339 FD保留了MB-339系列安全可靠的飞行控制系统布局.
conventional flight control surface  传统的飞行控制表层
servo-powered ailerons 辅助动力副翼
rigid push-pull rod transmission 精确的推拉杆传送
manual flight controls on elevator and rudder 升降?和方向?的手制控制
electrical trim tabs电子平衡鳍
This solution ensures low flight controls system vulnerability in combat

operations. 这种发法使得在战斗中低空飞行控制系统易受攻击性得以确保.
海马 翻译
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Escape System : 逃逸系统

The aircraft is equipped with the Martin - Baker MK IT 10LK ejection seat allowing pilot ejection at any altitude or speed; including aircraft standing on the runway.

MB-339 装备了Martin-Baker(马丁-贝克？) MK IT 10LK弹射座椅，这使得飞行员在任何高
度和任何速度下都能安全弹射，比如，飞机停在跑道上时。

To guarantee a safe and correct pilots ejection, a selectable sequence device is provided. Careful ergonomic design provides the pilot with a very comfortable ejection seat particularity required on long mission. Ground egress in emergency conditions is provided by a canopy severance system.

为了保证安全和正确弹射出飞行员，系统还提供了一种可以选择弹射次序的装置(?)。另外，通过认真的对机舱环境的考虑，弹射座椅被设计得很适合长时间的执行任务。紧急情况下的地面逃生依靠canopy severance system().

Fuel system: 燃料系统

According to vulnerability studies, the fuel in the MB-339 FD is subdivided into three main tanks: one, composed of two cells, in the fuselage and two at the wing tips. Additionally two droppable fuel tanks can be installed under the centre wing hard points.

根据薄弱分析的结果，MB-339提供了三个主油箱，一个在机身，由两个舱组成，另外两个在机翼。如果需要，机翼下还可以挂两个副油箱。

Internal tanks filling up is obtained through a single point pressure refuelling receptacle. The tip tanks are also provided with a dumping system. Fuel transfer sequence is completely automatic.

只要一个单点压力补给设备就能装满机内油箱。翼尖油箱中的燃料还可以倾倒出去。当然
，所有的燃料传送都是自动的。

To comply with the new requirements of pilots training in air-to-air refuelling environment and to increase the aircraft radii of action in operational missions, the aircraft can be equipped with an air refuelling system of drogue and probe type.

为了对飞行员进行空中加油训练和提高飞机的作战半径，MB-339也能装上空中加油系统。

Power Plant : 动力系统

The 4,000 lb thrust Rolls-Royce Viper 632-42 engine is the result of continuous evolution and technology updating which makes it one of the most reliable engines in its class with an outstanding safety record.

飞机使用的 4，000 磅的劳斯莱斯 Viper 632-42 发动机经过了不断的改良和技术更新，是最可靠的和有着最佳安全记录的发动机之一。

The engine is characterized by a simple and robust design and by a reduced number of components.

该发动机的特点是设计简单，高效，部件较少。

Modest temperature rating allows for a long operational life with reduced maintainance requirements (1.200 hours TBO with no intermediate inspections) leading to a low Life Cycle Cost (LCC).

因为选择了适中的工作温度，该发动机的工作寿命很长(1200小时无大修)，从而，飞机的维护费用很低。

The availability of an engine life recorder even improves the engine maintainability and operational life.

发动机的维护记录也能提高其寿命(?)

Exceptional operational handling in all flight conditions and stall free characteristics in any possible manoeuvre make the engine really student proof. Reduced thrust laps rate, limited sensitivity to temperature variations and high spin-up characteristics provide an engine behaviour representative of those of modern low by-pass turbofans equipping the present first line combat aircraft. Fuel consumption, when considering an assigned mission, is virtually the same as that used by turbofan powered trainers of similar performance.

Hydraulic System : 压力系统

The system is composed of two different circuits which separate as the aircraft is airborne. The system is powered by a variable flow engine driven pump. An emergency accumulator provides the required pressure for emergency landing gears extension and wheel brakes operation.

在飞行过程中，压力系统分为两个环路。其动力为一个variable flow engine driven pump(?).一组备用电池可以在紧急着陆时为起落架和刹车提供动力。

虾米 翻译
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Electrical System : 电气系统

Two generators, for a total of 15 kW power, energize the MB-339FD electrical system, the generator Nr. 1 acting also as engine starter. 两个发动机一共为MB-339FD提供15kW的电力，其中Nr.1发动机也扮演着发动机的角色。
Two batteries provide for the emergency power whilst a static inverter gives the A C power required by some equipment. 两块电池提供紧急备用电力，同时一个静变流器也为某些特定的装备提供交流电源。
An external power receptacle enables the electrical system to be powered on the ground.
通过一个外接电源使电气系统能够在地面上被充电。

Air Conditioning and pressurization System : 空调和增压系统

Air bleed from the engine compressor is utilized for the following system : 来自引擎压缩机的Air bleed（？）为以下系统提供作用：
cockpit pressurization 驾驶员座舱增压系统
cockpit air conditioning 驾驶员座舱空调系统
anti-g suit inflation 反过载系统（？）
windshield and canopy demisting and de-icing 挡风玻璃及座舱盖的除雾及除冰系统
Air conditioning is obtained through an efficient boot-strap system. 空调系统是

由一个高效的自举（boot-strapsystem, ?）系统提供的

Oxygen System : 供氧系统

A gaseous type oxygen system is installed for reduced logistic requirements. 为了减少对后勤上的依赖，安装了一个气态类型的供氧系统。
System total capacity allows the accomplishment of the longest possible mission. 系统的总容量是为能完成可能的最远任务而设计的。
OBOGS available on request. 需要是可提供OBOGS（？）
Warning and Caution System : 警报及警告系统
The warning and caution system draws the pilot’s attention in case of selected system malfunctioning. 警报及警告系统是为了提醒飞行员注意某些特定的系统故障。
The system includes warning lights placed under the glare shield in both

cockpit and caution lights shown on the MFD’s. Vocal signals in pilot head-sets for the most critical failures complete the system. 警报及警告系统包括置于驾驶员座舱及MFD上的警报灯和警告灯。在出现最紧急可能危及整个系统的故障时飞行员耳机中会有声音警报。

leozhou 翻译
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原文由风清云淡提供
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------我们超级大本营的几个哥们出于学习和方便大家的目的，打算找一些英文的资料翻译翻译，以下是我们的第一个作品，因为英语水平和翻译经验的限制，翻译的结果不如人意，但我们将继续努力，我们相信，我们会越做越好。
我们期待着您的支持和祝福，我们也欢迎任何愿意与我们一同工作的朋友加入到我们的行列
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

MB-339 FD : the lead-in fighter trainer of the year 2000 and beyond !
MB-399 FD ：21世纪的教练机

the mb-339 fd is the latest and most advanced version of the mb-339 family of jet trainers which are at present in service with nine customers worldwide.
the aircraft has been conceived and designed as the answer to the new demanding training requirements for the year 2000 and beyond. the mb-339 fd design
formula is based on a winning approach, which ensures an optimum blending of the proven mb-339's excellent performance and flying characteristics, with a new advanced digital glass cockpit and avionic system, utilizing state of the art technology.

md-399 fd 是服役于九个国家的md-399教练机家族中最新和最先进的成员，该机在立项和设计中就考虑到了2000年及以后飞行训练的新的苛刻的要求。最新的工艺，全新的数字化驾驶室和电子系统，加上成功的设计方法，保证了该机拥有良好的性能和优异的飞行品质。


Central to the new avionic system design concept has been the realization of a crew-vehicle interface truly representative of current fighters and to assure significant growth potential to cope with the future requirements imposed by the next generation of combat aircraft.

新的电子系统设计的中心理念在于：人机接口的实现应该即能代表现在的战斗机，又能保证拥有足够的可扩展潜力以适应下一代战斗机的要求

虾米翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--
The Italian Air Force has received a first batch of 15 aircraft and a second lot of additional 15 units is under delivery. The result is a training platform that can effectively cover the Lead-In Fighter segment of the training syllabus, enabling student pilots and system operators to transfer their skills to operational aircraft in less time and at reduced costs.
IN ALL, THE MB-339 FD, WITH ITS LOW COST OF OWNERSHIP AND COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS, IS A value-FOR-MONEY SOLUTION FOR MODERN AIR FORCES TRAINING NEEDS.

The MB-339 FD retains and improves the same structural design as the previous versions which has demonstrated: ease of construction and good repairability aximum accessibility to systems and equipments simplicity and sturdiness corrosion proof operations in extreme environmental conditions.
意大利空军已经接收了第一批15架飞机，增加的第二批15件也在运交当中。结果是这样一个训练平台能够有效地包含天线引入线（lead-in）战斗机部分的教程，使学生飞行员和系统操作员能够用比较少的时间和费用就把他们的技术尽快地应用到操作的飞机上。
总的来说，mb-339 fd藉由它的所有权的低费用及充分地服从需求，成为满足现代空军训练需要的低费用解决方法。
mb 339 fd 保持和改进了那些以前的版本拥有的相同的结构设计： 减轻建造和维修的费用；系统和设备的最大兼容性；简易和坚固性；在极端环境状况内的抗腐蚀能力。

fireadder 翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--
Adoption of new materials, new manufacturing technologies (cold working) and different weight distribution coupled with the installation of a strain counter system for expanded life monitoring will provide an improvement in the structural haracteristics which could be translated into the satisfaction of more demanding load spectra (fighter lead-in or operational role) or in an extension of the 10.000 demonstrated safe fatigue life of the MB-339 C.
采用新材料、新飞机制造工艺（冷工程）以及采用不同重量分配结合压力计系统装置来延长寿命的方法，监控器将会带来结构特有的进步提高，这些改进讲满足多的装载范围（导航人员、驾驶员）或者能够扩展10.000mb-3396这种飞机的安全杂役能力。

随缘飞 翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---
Flight Control System 飞行控制系统
The MB-339 FD retains the safe and reliable flight control system architeture

of all the MB-339  MB-339 FD保留了MB-339系列安全可靠的飞行控制系统布局.
conventional flight control surface  传统的飞行控制表层
servo-powered ailerons 辅助动力副翼
rigid push-pull rod transmission 精确的推拉杆传送
manual flight controls on elevator and rudder 升降?和方向?的手制控制
electrical trim tabs电子平衡鳍
This solution ensures low flight controls system vulnerability in combat

operations. 这种发法使得在战斗中低空飞行控制系统易受攻击性得以确保.
海马 翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-

Escape System : 逃逸系统

The aircraft is equipped with the Martin - Baker MK IT 10LK ejection seat allowing pilot ejection at any altitude or speed; including aircraft standing on the runway.

MB-339 装备了Martin-Baker(马丁-贝克？) MK IT 10LK弹射座椅，这使得飞行员在任何高
度和任何速度下都能安全弹射，比如，飞机停在跑道上时。

To guarantee a safe and correct pilots ejection, a selectable sequence device is provided. Careful ergonomic design provides the pilot with a very comfortable ejection seat particularity required on long mission. Ground egress in emergency conditions is provided by a canopy severance system.

为了保证安全和正确弹射出飞行员，系统还提供了一种可以选择弹射次序的装置(?)。另外，通过认真的对机舱环境的考虑，弹射座椅被设计得很适合长时间的执行任务。紧急情况下的地面逃生依靠canopy severance system().

Fuel system: 燃料系统

According to vulnerability studies, the fuel in the MB-339 FD is subdivided into three main tanks: one, composed of two cells, in the fuselage and two at the wing tips. Additionally two droppable fuel tanks can be installed under the centre wing hard points.

根据薄弱分析的结果，MB-339提供了三个主油箱，一个在机身，由两个舱组成，另外两个在机翼。如果需要，机翼下还可以挂两个副油箱。

Internal tanks filling up is obtained through a single point pressure refuelling receptacle. The tip tanks are also provided with a dumping system. Fuel transfer sequence is completely automatic.

只要一个单点压力补给设备就能装满机内油箱。翼尖油箱中的燃料还可以倾倒出去。当然
，所有的燃料传送都是自动的。

To comply with the new requirements of pilots training in air-to-air refuelling environment and to increase the aircraft radii of action in operational missions, the aircraft can be equipped with an air refuelling system of drogue and probe type.

为了对飞行员进行空中加油训练和提高飞机的作战半径，MB-339也能装上空中加油系统。

Power Plant : 动力系统

The 4,000 lb thrust Rolls-Royce Viper 632-42 engine is the result of continuous evolution and technology updating which makes it one of the most reliable engines in its class with an outstanding safety record.

飞机使用的 4，000 磅的劳斯莱斯 Viper 632-42 发动机经过了不断的改良和技术更新，是最可靠的和有着最佳安全记录的发动机之一。

The engine is characterized by a simple and robust design and by a reduced number of components.

该发动机的特点是设计简单，高效，部件较少。

Modest temperature rating allows for a long operational life with reduced maintainance requirements (1.200 hours TBO with no intermediate inspections) leading to a low Life Cycle Cost (LCC).

因为选择了适中的工作温度，该发动机的工作寿命很长(1200小时无大修)，从而，飞机的维护费用很低。

The availability of an engine life recorder even improves the engine maintainability and operational life.

发动机的维护记录也能提高其寿命(?)

Exceptional operational handling in all flight conditions and stall free characteristics in any possible manoeuvre make the engine really student proof. Reduced thrust laps rate, limited sensitivity to temperature variations and high spin-up characteristics provide an engine behaviour representative of those of modern low by-pass turbofans equipping the present first line combat aircraft. Fuel consumption, when considering an assigned mission, is virtually the same as that used by turbofan powered trainers of similar performance.

Hydraulic System : 压力系统

The system is composed of two different circuits which separate as the aircraft is airborne. The system is powered by a variable flow engine driven pump. An emergency accumulator provides the required pressure for emergency landing gears extension and wheel brakes operation.

在飞行过程中，压力系统分为两个环路。其动力为一个variable flow engine driven pump(?).一组备用电池可以在紧急着陆时为起落架和刹车提供动力。

虾米 翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------
Electrical System : 电气系统

Two generators, for a total of 15 kW power, energize the MB-339FD electrical system, the generator Nr. 1 acting also as engine starter. 两个发动机一共为MB-339FD提供15kW的电力，其中Nr.1发动机也扮演着发动机的角色。
Two batteries provide for the emergency power whilst a static inverter gives the A C power required by some equipment. 两块电池提供紧急备用电力，同时一个静变流器也为某些特定的装备提供交流电源。
An external power receptacle enables the electrical system to be powered on the ground.
通过一个外接电源使电气系统能够在地面上被充电。

Air Conditioning and pressurization System : 空调和增压系统

Air bleed from the engine compressor is utilized for the following system : 来自引擎压缩机的Air bleed（？）为以下系统提供作用：
cockpit pressurization 驾驶员座舱增压系统
cockpit air conditioning 驾驶员座舱空调系统
anti-g suit inflation 反过载系统（？）
windshield and canopy demisting and de-icing 挡风玻璃及座舱盖的除雾及除冰系统
Air conditioning is obtained through an efficient boot-strap system. 空调系统是

由一个高效的自举（boot-strapsystem, ?）系统提供的

Oxygen System : 供氧系统

A gaseous type oxygen system is installed for reduced logistic requirements. 为了减少对后勤上的依赖，安装了一个气态类型的供氧系统。
System total capacity allows the accomplishment of the longest possible mission. 系统的总容量是为能完成可能的最远任务而设计的。
OBOGS available on request. 需要是可提供OBOGS（？）
Warning and Caution System : 警报及警告系统
The warning and caution system draws the pilot’s attention in case of selected system malfunctioning. 警报及警告系统是为了提醒飞行员注意某些特定的系统故障。
The system includes warning lights placed under the glare shield in both

cockpit and caution lights shown on the MFD’s. Vocal signals in pilot head-sets for the most critical failures complete the system. 警报及警告系统包括置于驾驶员座舱及MFD上的警报灯和警告灯。在出现最紧急可能危及整个系统的故障时飞行员耳机中会有声音警报。

leozhou 翻译
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------


原文由风清云淡提供
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------