俄国明天发射货运飞船,要在对接技术上甩别国一条街

来源:百度文库 编辑:超级军网 时间:2024/05/05 23:40:41
目前对接的水平是从发射到对接成功,俄国(俄国对接口)2天,中国(中国对接口)2天,美国(苏联对接口)3天,日本(苏联对接口)6天。明天发射的这个进步48货运飞船,要在对接技术上甩别国一条街,从发射到对接成功,俄国只计划用6小时。


aviationweek报道
http://www.aviationweek.com/Blog ... b-a4d1-22f838c86d71
Russia's Progress 47 Cargo Craft Departs Space Station for Final Time

Posted byMark Carreau4:35 PM on Jul 30, 2012

Russia’s much traveled Progress 47 cargo capsule has departed the International Space Station for good, freeing the Russian segment Pirs docking port for the arrival of the Progress 48 later this week, following a first time, four orbit launch to docking transit.

Progress 47, which arrived at the six man orbiting lab initially on April 22, undocked for the final time on Monday at 5:19 p.m., EDT,  filled with trash and headed for several weeks of  orbital engineering tests and a destructive re-entry into the Earth’s atmosphere.

The freighter, also designated M-15M, departed the station for the first time on July 22 for what was to be an overnight flight test of the new KURS-NA automated rendezvous system.  However, the return was postponed after the upgraded avionics failed an activation self test.

After Russian troubleshooting and a warm up of the avionics, the Progress 47 re-docked late Saturday without difficulty, completing a successful test of the KURS-NA. The upgraded rendezvous system is projected to become a fixture aboard future Soyuz crew transport and Progress re-supply craft, possibly by 2014.

Cosmonaut Gennady Padalka removed and stowed the KURS-NA aboard the ISS to await a future trip back to Earth and some further engineering review.

On Monday, the NASA-led ISS mission management team approved plans for the one day Progress 48 mission. The lift off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan is set for Wednesday at 3:35 p.m., EDT. The four orbit transit would lead to an automated docking of the new resupply ship with the space station at 9:24 p.m., EDT.

The normal 34 orbit, two plus day launch to docking timeline remains a Russian option for the Progress 48. If exercized, the latest supply ship would reach the orbiting science lab on   Friday at 6:15 p.m., EDT.
目前对接的水平是从发射到对接成功,俄国(俄国对接口)2天,中国(中国对接口)2天,美国(苏联对接口)3天,日本(苏联对接口)6天。明天发射的这个进步48货运飞船,要在对接技术上甩别国一条街,从发射到对接成功,俄国只计划用6小时。


aviationweek报道
http://www.aviationweek.com/Blog ... b-a4d1-22f838c86d71
Russia's Progress 47 Cargo Craft Departs Space Station for Final Time

Posted byMark Carreau4:35 PM on Jul 30, 2012

Russia’s much traveled Progress 47 cargo capsule has departed the International Space Station for good, freeing the Russian segment Pirs docking port for the arrival of the Progress 48 later this week, following a first time, four orbit launch to docking transit.

Progress 47, which arrived at the six man orbiting lab initially on April 22, undocked for the final time on Monday at 5:19 p.m., EDT,  filled with trash and headed for several weeks of  orbital engineering tests and a destructive re-entry into the Earth’s atmosphere.

The freighter, also designated M-15M, departed the station for the first time on July 22 for what was to be an overnight flight test of the new KURS-NA automated rendezvous system.  However, the return was postponed after the upgraded avionics failed an activation self test.

After Russian troubleshooting and a warm up of the avionics, the Progress 47 re-docked late Saturday without difficulty, completing a successful test of the KURS-NA. The upgraded rendezvous system is projected to become a fixture aboard future Soyuz crew transport and Progress re-supply craft, possibly by 2014.

Cosmonaut Gennady Padalka removed and stowed the KURS-NA aboard the ISS to await a future trip back to Earth and some further engineering review.

On Monday, the NASA-led ISS mission management team approved plans for the one day Progress 48 mission. The lift off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan is set for Wednesday at 3:35 p.m., EDT. The four orbit transit would lead to an automated docking of the new resupply ship with the space station at 9:24 p.m., EDT.

The normal 34 orbit, two plus day launch to docking timeline remains a Russian option for the Progress 48. If exercized, the latest supply ship would reach the orbiting science lab on   Friday at 6:15 p.m., EDT.


这个我认为不是问题吧?也不带表俄罗斯就先进。或许6小时都不要,之所以我们第二天对接是谨慎的做法并不是一定要第二天或者第三天来对接~现在变轨和测控技术可以实现即发即对接。无非就是多耗费点燃料抬高和降低轨道

这个我认为不是问题吧?也不带表俄罗斯就先进。或许6小时都不要,之所以我们第二天对接是谨慎的做法并不是一定要第二天或者第三天来对接~现在变轨和测控技术可以实现即发即对接。无非就是多耗费点燃料抬高和降低轨道
 1967年9月30日,“宇宙-186号”和“宇宙-188号”这两艘无人飞船先后升天。当第二艘飞船发射到25公里高空区域时,距前一艘飞船的实际距离不超过10公里,相对速度15米/秒。第一圈,就开始交会、捕获。随后,无线电通讯系统显示,对接成功……一切都那么顺利,以至于地面专家都不敢相信自己的眼睛。
不知土鳖目前能否进行非轴向对接。
11113211 发表于 2012-7-31 16:55
这个我认为不是问题吧?也不带表俄罗斯就先进。或许6小时都不要,之所以我们第二天对接是谨慎的做法 ...
动点脑筋好么?
同样带15天的补给,中国可以在空间站上待11天(两天对接,两天候补)。
日本人只能待7天(六天对接,两天候补),还回不了家。
11113211 发表于 2012-7-31 17:04
 1967年9月30日,“宇宙-186号”和“宇宙-188号”这两艘无人飞船先后升天。当第二艘飞船发射到25公里高空区 ...
那个年代的事,忘记掉最好。
中国KKV动能拦截弹,强行对接,时间还要短。
对接时间长短跟对接技术高低完全无关的,只要燃料足够,Δv余量足够大时发射后2小时对接也能做到,此外说一下毛子的锥-杆式对接超级落后了,死重很大,而且对接后通道直径太小,这个用不了几年就要被淘汰了。
别整这没用的,来个中段反导吧。毛GG……
rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-7-31 17:57
那个年代的事,忘记掉最好。

他是不知道为什么早期联盟对接那么快。
那是因为早期的联盟没有太阳翼,入轨后就得尽快对接,对接以后由礼炮空间站充电。对接不成功的话,不但没有足够电力进行再次对接,连在轨飞行都不能维持,必须紧急返回。

联盟15        1974年8月26日        萨拉发诺夫、杰明        与礼炮3号对接失败,紧急返回。
联盟23        1976年9月14日        米达夫·罗杰斯特、恩斯基        原计划与礼炮5号对接,后因对接控制系统发生故障而中断飞行,并与水上溅落。
联盟25        1977年10月9日        科瓦列诺克、柳明        原计划与9月29日发射的礼炮6号对接,由于对接程序发生偏差而未成功。
货运飞船对接快意义不大,载人飞船快点对接有意义,可以缩短在狭小的飞船里待的时间。
rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-7-31 17:55
动点脑筋好么?
同样带15天的补给,中国可以在空间站上待11天(两天对接,两天候补)。
日本人只能待7天 ...
如果没能理解我的意思。建议不要回复
奋进号 发表于 2012-7-31 22:18
对接时间长短跟对接技术高低完全无关的,只要燃料足够,Δv余量足够大时发射后2小时对接也能做到,此外说一 ...
就是这个意思!
miliamlau 发表于 2012-7-31 23:50
他是不知道为什么早期联盟对接那么快。
那是因为早期的联盟没有太阳翼,入轨后就得尽快对接,对接以后 ...
我在二楼回复已经说明了,那个年代确实很多技术不成熟。但是LZ说这个6小时对接就领先其他国家的说法不认同。在燃料充足的情况下我们也可以
对接的前戏要做足,不然后续的燃料就成问题,这楼就是这个意思吗?
载人飞船对接还是不要太快的
航天员需要时间适应太空的生活 万一自动对接失败 航天员需要接手
奋进号 发表于 2012-7-31 22:18
对接时间长短跟对接技术高低完全无关的,只要燃料足够,Δv余量足够大时发射后2小时对接也能做到,此外说一 ...
谬论。
对接不是你燃料多就可以完成的,速度,高度,轴向同心度,圆周角同步都要求参加对接的两个飞船完全协调。飞船是禁不起碰撞的,姿态控制技术不行的国家是不能靠燃料多来实现对接的。
70年代美国的阿波罗飞船和天空实验室三次对接都没有完全成功,才不得已采用了苏联的对接技术。
美国自己的对接技术至今尚在研制中。
rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-8-1 15:31
谬论。
对接不是你燃料多就可以完成的,速度,高度,轴向同心度,圆周角同步都要求参加对接的两个飞船完 ...
美国自己的对接技术尚在研制中前几天龙号飞船是怎么对接的,航天飞机和ISS对接那么多次又是怎么对接的?您是毛子国的马甲么?失敬失敬!
龙号载人飞船的对接时间是发射后8小时即可和ISS对接。
奋进号 发表于 2012-8-1 15:47
美国自己的对接技术尚在研制中前几天龙号飞船是怎么对接的,航天飞机和ISS对 ...
全部使用的苏联对接技术
iss的最先几个舱就是苏联的。
奋进号 发表于 2012-8-1 15:48
龙号载人飞船的对接时间是发射后8小时即可和ISS对接。
我说过了是三天。

rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-8-1 16:20
我说过了是三天。
你看错了,目前龙号货运飞船是3天,以后改成载人飞船后8小时就可以对接,而且对接口完全是美国的异体同周式的,不是毛子的“锥-杆”式对接口。龙号对接和航天飞机对接用的都是自己的技术。
rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-7-31 17:55
动点脑筋好么?
同样带15天的补给,中国可以在空间站上待11天(两天对接,两天候补)。
日本人只能待7天 ...
HTV要利用多余的燃料给ISS提升轨道
奋进号 发表于 2012-8-1 16:27
**** 作者被禁止或删除 内容自动屏蔽 ****
异体同构式也是毛子的技术好不好,何况天龙座用的是机械臂对接。
奋进号 发表于 2012-8-1 15:47
**** 作者被禁止或删除 内容自动屏蔽 ****
航天飞机用的APAS-89是从阿波罗-联盟对接任务中的APAS-75发展来的,而APAS-75是当年阿波罗-联盟对接任务中苏联人拿出来的设计方案,至于天龙座,它用的是机械臂对接。
SSN19 发表于 2012-8-2 06:59
HTV要利用多余的燃料给ISS提升轨道
反了,要想省燃料,飞船对接越快越好。
11113211 发表于 2012-7-31 16:55
这个我认为不是问题吧?也不带表俄罗斯就先进。或许6小时都不要,之所以我们第二天对接是谨慎的做法 ...
神九这次发射用的叠代算法制导,那个入轨精度应该可以做到直接发射对接的吧?
但如果发射之后不安排时间对飞船做在轨测试,我看风险应该很大的,
毕竟发射过程太激了,谁敢保证对接机构和有关传感器一点问是也不出;
退一万步说,如果发射与对接不安排足够的间隔,一旦出了点问题,连反应时间都没有,放弃对接直接反回的操作时间也没有,就直接撞上去?
不行的。
rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-8-1 15:31
谬论。
对接不是你燃料多就可以完成的,速度,高度,轴向同心度,圆周角同步都要求参加对接的两个飞船完 ...

天,没有对接,阿波罗登月飞船上的宇航员如何返回地球?
看了新闻了,这个目标飞行器的轨道高度有要求的,低于400KM的话就做不到六分钟了
H2SamHon 发表于 2012-8-2 18:04
神九这次发射用的叠代算法制导,那个入轨精度应该可以做到直接发射对接的吧?
但如果发射之后不安排时间 ...
不行,天宫的轨道高度不够,是不能直接对接的
现在毛子已经渐渐融入西方航天体系了,中国航天还要积累更多资本,才能跟人家平等合作啊
想来楼主很象反阿波罗名人, 夜无懒汉。
New Way of Turning Station Offers Fuel Savings on Orbit
08.01.12

ISS Progress 48

The ISS Progress 48 resupply craft is several meters away from docking to the Pirs docking compartment. Credit: NASA TV
The launch of the 48th Progress resupply vehicle to the International Space Station marked two technical firsts for station operations: it was the first same-day rendezvous and docking of a spacecraft to the station, and it was the first use of a new fuel-efficient way of orienting the station for that docking.

While the two firsts did not depend upon one another, they did occur during the same Russian cargo resupply mission to the station.

The new maneuver profile, developed for NASA by the Draper Laboratory of Cambridge, Mass., required 10 times less fuel to put the station in the proper orientation relative to Earth for the unpiloted cargo vehicle’s arrival.

According to Pooja Jesrani, lead attitude determination and control officer (ADCO) for this expedition at the Mission Control Center in Houston, the new maneuver is called the optimal propellant maneuver, or OPM. OPM is an improvement on the standard zero propellant maneuver, or ZPM, also developed by Draper. The OPM takes into account the need to make the orientation, or attitude, changes to the space station faster than the ZPM. This speed avoids thermal concerns on the exterior of the station’s modules.

“Maneuvers such as the OPM will increase the International Space Station’s efficiency by using less propellant,” Jesrani said. “Additionally, the reduction in thruster firings during an OPM results in the station enduring lower structural loads. These benefits, among others, will help increase the longevity of the station.”

The maneuvers to and from the docking attitude are expected to save more than 90 percent of the fuel typically used when a Russian cargo spacecraft docks with the orbiting outpost.

The OPM uses the U.S. guidance navigation and control system logic to fire thrusters on the “Edoardo Amaldi” Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV), a European Space Agency-supplied cargo vehicle that docked to the station in March. The Russian segment of the space station's flight software will command the ATV's thrusters to fire, making this maneuver an international effort.

“In the past, we have maneuvered the station from one attitude to another using the most direct route, called an Eigen axis maneuver," said Ken Longacre, the attitude determination and control officer working with Draper on the application of this new maneuvering plan. “For this operation we will be performing a sequence of 55 small maneuvers which will take the station on a less direct route to the new attitude. This new route uses the environmental forces on the station to assist the maneuver, resulting in a significant propellant savings.”

Longacre said using the OPM hasn’t required any changes to the station’s flight software. Engineers develop and verify the attitude profile; then, flight controllers in mission control develop commands and load them onto the station’s flight control system for execution.

Spacecraft typically use thrusters to maneuver in space and fight against disturbances such as aerodynamic drag and other environmental factors, said Nazareth Bedrossian, Draper’s group leader for vehicle dynamics and control systems. The OPM takes advantage of environmental factors in an approach similar to that used by airline pilots who use tailwinds to save fuel and get passengers to their destinations faster.

The flight tests of ZPM in 2006 and 2007 enabled the space station to rely entirely on its control moment gyroscopes, or CMGs, to perform rotations of 90 and 180 degrees. Those maneuvers took 2-3 hours, but the OPM cuts the time by more than half. The station’s four CMGs, which use huge flywheels spinning at 6,600 revolutions per minute, provide day-to-day control of the station’s orientation as it travels about 240 miles above Earth at 17,500 miles per hour.

Eventually, the OPM could be applied to many of the maneuvers made by satellites operated by NASA, the Pentagon and commercial firms, Bedrossian said, lowering operating costs and extending their lives in orbit.

The International Space Station has been in orbit nearly 12 years and is currently approved to continue operations through 2020. NASA and its international partners are conducting additional engineering evaluations to determine if operations can be extended through 2028.
俄国人已经成功了,创造了人类航天的新纪录
美国航空周刊报道
Russia's 48 Progress Sprint to the ISS a Success

Posted byMark Carreau7:24 PM on Aug 01, 2012
Russia's Progress 48 moves within 30 meters of the ISS prior to an accelerated docking. Image Credit: NASA TV
Russia’s Progress 48 mission one day sprint to the six person International Space Station has concluded with success.
The unpiloted resupply capsule and its nearly three ton payload carried out a successful automated docking with the ISS Wednesday at 9:18 p.m., EDT, or less than six hours after the Progress 48 lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan: an ISS first.

The linkup, 250 miles over the Pacific Ocean west of South America, unfolded 7 minutes ahead of the forecast, or an elapsed time of 5 hours, 43 minutes.

The four orbit journey served as a test flight for a possible Soyuz crew transport mission to the ISS with three passengers. A crew follow on is likely at least a year away, Dina Contella, NASA’s current ISS lead flight director, said shortly before the lift off.

The Progress 48 spacecraft   rose from Central Asia at 3:35 p.m., EDT, or on Aug. 2 at 1:35 a.m., local time.

The spacecraft successfully carried out a quartet of precise rendezvous maneuvers over the first two hours, 40 minutes of flight to set up the much abbreviated rendezvous. The normal Progress cargo and Soyuz crew mission timelines unfold over 34 orbits or just over two days.

The “sprint” is intended to improve crew comfort. The longer Soyuz journey requires a steady roll of the spacecraft to manage external thermal extremes from the cold and heat of space on the capsule exterior.

In the event of an emergency shortfall of supplies on the ISS, the Progress 48 flight also demonstrates a “stat” equipment response.

The Progress 48 cargo includes fuel, water, compressed breathing air, spare parts and research gear for the station’s six-person crew.

Then new Russian freighter is expected to remain at the station until late December.

At least one more express Progress test flight, perhaps later this year, is anticipated before a Soyuz mission test of the accelerated timeline is attempted, NASA spokesman Rob Navias said from NASA’s Mission Control late Wednesday.
俄国人的这个飞船实际上发射时间和预订的不差1分钟,对接时间比预定快乐17分钟,实际飞行时间快了这么多。
真的把其他国家甩了一条街。
jwcq 发表于 2012-8-2 19:34
天,没有对接,阿波罗登月飞船上的宇航员如何返回地球?
显然你的问题得让美国人回答。
zwgzwg12 发表于 2012-8-3 07:01
不行,天宫的轨道高度不够,是不能直接对接的
天宫是从长期运行轨道上降低了对接的。
但就算够,载人飞船入轨后,发射过程中经过那么大的振动,还是要进行一些在轨测试才能干别的事的。
而且轨道舱的激活和在轨测试也不是一两小时完成的事。
第三是,航天员起床、准备、到发射场、登船、地面测试、等候、等工作就差不多够忙一天的了,上去马上对接就等于没有人工对接的备份了。
还是不行的。
快速对接就是浪费!看着让人兴奋,其实它所携带的燃料还是一样多!为的是怕不成功,还要进行正常对接!说甩一条街??中国没搞对接之前你怎么不甩??还是怕让人瞧不起吧!一条街领先了60年,还是那条街!!
Powered 发表于 2012-7-31 21:16
中国KKV动能拦截弹,强行对接,时间还要短。
人才呢应该在2楼的哦
rongzhili.au 发表于 2012-8-3 15:37
俄国人已经成功了,创造了人类航天的新纪录
美国航空周刊报道
Russia's 48 Progress Sprint to the ISS a ...
是, 可是你不知道NASA的新调整策略让ISS调整轨道用少10倍的推进剂才有得搞。 不然老毛子还是要用两天的方案。