Jack and fortress flag (1700-1917)

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image by Yosef Obskura and Željko Heimer, 06 Apr 1999
Jack and fortress flag (1700-1917), (1992-today)
Željko Heimer, 06 Apr 1999, quoting from Flag-znamya korablya, Russian Navy website, consulted 07 Mar 1999

Like the UK’s Union Jack incorporates the red St. George’s cross of England as the central figure, the Russian jack uses their blue St. Andrew’s cross (from the naval ensign) as its central figure. St. Andrew is also the patron saint of Russia.
David Lewellen

This flag was hoisted since 1701 on the navy’s fortresses, since 1720 on bowsprits too. It was a red flag crossed by a narrow white cross; over all there was a white-bordered blue St.Andrew cross. It was drawn by Peter the Great. It was named Kejzer-flag, i.e. "imperial flag". It was clearly based on the British "Union" and put together the white cross of an old Dragons’ flag with the navy’s St.Andrew flag. The KEJZER-FLAG was so popular that it was also used on the Soviet Navy till 1924.
Giuseppe Bottasini, quoting [zig94]

According to many authors the meaning of the red field is obscure, but to Ziggioto is clear: it was the third national color.
Giuseppe Bottasini
image by Yosef Obskura and Željko Heimer, 06 Apr 1999
Jack and fortress flag (1700-1917), (1992-today)
Željko Heimer, 06 Apr 1999, quoting from Flag-znamya korablya, Russian Navy website, consulted 07 Mar 1999

Like the UK’s Union Jack incorporates the red St. George’s cross of England as the central figure, the Russian jack uses their blue St. Andrew’s cross (from the naval ensign) as its central figure. St. Andrew is also the patron saint of Russia.
David Lewellen

This flag was hoisted since 1701 on the navy’s fortresses, since 1720 on bowsprits too. It was a red flag crossed by a narrow white cross; over all there was a white-bordered blue St.Andrew cross. It was drawn by Peter the Great. It was named Kejzer-flag, i.e. "imperial flag". It was clearly based on the British "Union" and put together the white cross of an old Dragons’ flag with the navy’s St.Andrew flag. The KEJZER-FLAG was so popular that it was also used on the Soviet Navy till 1924.
Giuseppe Bottasini, quoting [zig94]

According to many authors the meaning of the red field is obscure, but to Ziggioto is clear: it was the third national color.
Giuseppe Bottasini