重振雄风!T-72再度披甲上阵

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<p align="center" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;"><font face="宋体">重振雄风!</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">T-72</span><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;">再度披甲上阵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p align="center" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;"><font face="宋体">——各国改进</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">T-72</span><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;">略影</span></font></p><p align="center" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;">首发于红色战地论坛,转载请注明作者</span></font><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">T-72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">简介<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">T-72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">坦克投入现役已<span lang="EN-US">30</span>年。它于<span lang="EN-US">1966</span>年着手设计,<span lang="EN-US">1971</span>年定型生产,<span lang="EN-US">1974</span>年开始装备部队。战斗全重<span lang="EN-US">41</span>吨的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>外形紧凑低矮,炮塔顶距地高度仅为<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="2.19" unitname="米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">2.19</span>米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,是现今有炮塔坦克中最低的,这有利于战地机动隐蔽。它采用复合装甲,使用自动装弹机,<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="125" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛炮还能发射<span lang="EN-US">9K119</span>炮射导弹。它发射尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹,在<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">1</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>距离上可穿透<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="400" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">400</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>厚均质装甲;发射<span lang="EN-US">BK<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="14" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>14M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>型尾翼稳定破甲弹,最大射程<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="4" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">4</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,在<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">1</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>距离上破甲厚度达<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="500" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">500</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>。从各项技术指标看,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克在<span lang="EN-US">20</span>世纪七八十年代完全称得上是一种集火力、机动力和防护力于一身的先进主战坦克,整体性能与美国的<span lang="EN-US">M<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="60" unitname="a" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-60A<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1</span>坦克相比毫不逊色,某些方面可能还要强<span lang="EN-US">—</span>些。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">T-72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">坦克先后发展有<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>、<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1</span>、<span lang="EN-US">T-72K</span>、<span lang="EN-US">T-72MK</span>和<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1</span>改进型等多种型号,在多个国家生产,有<span lang="EN-US">27</span>个国家装备了<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>系列。它成了最实用的坦克。到<span lang="EN-US"> 1993</span>年停止生产时,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>总产量已超过两万辆。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;"><font face="宋体">随着世界军事技术的飞速发展,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克的性能已经落后,被逼进了升级改进的潮流。因为对于许多装备有<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克的国家来说,要换装当代世界先进坦克经费上负担不起。而从技术角度看,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克还大有潜力,让<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克一下子全部退役不见得合算。如能利用高新技术对<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克进行升级改造,改进型<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克仍可能成为一种性能优良的主战坦克,这也有利于维持本国装甲部队的数量规模。于是,升级改进<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克成了所有装备<span lang="EN-US">T-72 </span>主战坦克国家首选之策。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">俄罗斯:原产国对<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的改进<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">俄罗斯是改进<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的超级主角。这一方面因为本国装备的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>亟需改进,另方面也是为了占有国际<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>改进市场。今年<span lang="EN-US">7</span>月<span lang="EN-US">13</span>日,在俄罗斯<span lang="EN-US">“</span>下塔吉尔<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="True" sourcevalue="2004" unitname="”" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">-2004 ”</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>国际武器展览会上,人们看到了一种装备有<span lang="EN-US">V-90</span>型发动机的<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>1M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>改进型坦克。新型发动机的尺寸和重量与原发动机相差不多,不需对动力隔舱结构进行改动。但其最大功率已达到了<span lang="EN-US">883</span>千瓦。装备该型发动机的新型<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克具有高机动性和作战性能,例如加速到<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="30" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">30</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">/</span>小时的时间比此前快一倍,公路最大速度将近<span lang="EN-US">7 <chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="0" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv>0<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">公里</span></span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>/</span>小时,赶上了<span lang="EN-US">M<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="a" wst="on"></chmetcnv>1A<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1“</span>艾布拉姆斯<span lang="EN-US">”</span>,超过了<span lang="EN-US">“</span>梅卡瓦<span lang="EN-US">”3</span>型坦克。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">乌克兰推出三个诱人的现代化升级包</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">90</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">年代,针对大量的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克的海外用户,哈尔科夫莫洛佐夫机械制造设计局开发了一系列升级包,它们分别是<span lang="EN-US">T-72AG(</span>采用了大量<span lang="EN-US">T-84</span>和<span lang="EN-US">T-80UD</span>的关键部件<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;<span lang="EN-US">T-72MP(</span>安装了法国研制的火控系统<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;<span lang="EN-US">T-72-120(</span>安装了北约标准<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="120" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">120</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛坦克炮<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">所有三种升级包的核心都在于提高<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克的机动性,使其在这方面获得与最新型坦克同等的水平,并努力提高其防护能力。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">三者之间最显著的不同在于火力方面。<span lang="EN-US">T-72AG</span>和<span lang="EN-US">T-72MP</span>仍然保留了<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="125" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>主炮,但前者安装乌克兰自行研制的火控系统,可发射炮射导弹;而<span lang="EN-US">T-72MP</span>安装的是法国的萨万<span lang="EN-US">-15(SAVAN-15)</span>计算机化的火控系统,由法国萨杰姆公司研制。<span lang="EN-US">T-72-120</span>则装备了<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="120" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">120</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛炮,发射北约标准弹药,也采用乌克兰设计的火控系统。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">一旦这三个升级包被那些拥有大量<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>早期型坦克的国家所采用,那么这些国家将会以很小的代价使他们的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克群获得堪与西方最新型坦克相媲美的性能,并能使其服役寿命延长<span lang="EN-US">15-20</span>年。不得不说,这对大部分并不富裕而又急缺现代化坦克的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>拥有果来说是个福音,这三套方案在国际市场上非常有竞争力!<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">波兰籍的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>家族中的佼佼者<span lang="EN-US">—PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">波兰生产,出售给马来西亚的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的最新改进型<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>坦克,以其先进的配置和不俗的性能引起了人们关注。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  相比于为波兰军队生产的<span lang="EN-US">PT-91</span>主战坦克,<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="True" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91 M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>在诸多方面有了很大的改进。首先在防护上,<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>的车体和炮塔<span lang="EN-US">(</span>包括前部和侧面<span lang="EN-US">)</span>挂装了波兰新式的增强型模块化爆炸反应装甲。为增强对地雷的防护,在战车的底部安装了防护附件,乘员的座椅下装备了特殊防护装置,扭杆悬挂装置得到改进并加长,原先的履带也更换为德国迪尔公司生产的与<span lang="EN-US">“</span>豹<span lang="EN-US">”2</span>坦克一样的履带。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  在动力及传动系统方面,采用波兰<span lang="EN-US">PZL-Wola</span>公司全新的<span lang="EN-US">S-1000</span>柴油发动机,这是一种<span lang="EN-US">12</span>缸<span lang="EN-US">4</span>冲程涡轮增压中冷柴油机,在<span lang="EN-US">2 000</span>转<span lang="EN-US">/ </span>分时可达到其最大功率<span lang="EN-US">1 000</span>马力。这在<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>家族中绝对可算是<span lang="EN-US">“</span>大力士<span lang="EN-US">”</span>了。与之匹配的是德国伦克公司的<span lang="EN-US">ESM350</span>自动变速装置,这种装置设计非常紧凑,占用空间小,传动效率高。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  <span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>的主炮是一门<span lang="EN-US">D-81TM</span>型<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="125" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛炮,安装了法国<span lang="EN-US">SAGEM</span>公司的<span lang="EN-US">SAVAN 15</span>火控系统。这套系统在<span lang="EN-US">2001</span>年<span lang="EN-US">7</span>月安装在<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>原型车上进行移动目标的射击试验时表现非常出色,马来西亚专家当即敲定了此套系统。此外,炮塔还安装了<span lang="EN-US">EADS</span>公司研制的超快方位、俯仰角调节电机,大大缩短了战场中目标瞄准射击所需的时间。为防止坦克在中弹后引起大火或弹药殉爆,战车还安装了华沙<span lang="EN-US">PCO</span>公司研制的第二代自我保护<span lang="EN-US">/</span>激光报警系统。德国韦格曼公司的<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="76" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">76</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>烟雾弹<span lang="EN-US">/</span>高爆榴弹发射器<span lang="EN-US">(</span>位于炮塔两边各排列<span lang="EN-US">12</span>个<span lang="EN-US">)</span>也为<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>战场生存能力的提高增加了一份筹码。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  在战场通讯和目标观瞄方面,<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>配置的是<span lang="EN-US">RRC-9500</span>电台<span lang="EN-US">(PR<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="4" unitname="g" wst="on"></chmetcnv>4G<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>家族<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,除了<span lang="EN-US">SAVAN 15</span>火控系统中的车长用全景观瞄系统外,还安装了<span lang="EN-US">PCO</span>公司的<span lang="EN-US">POD-72</span>式车长微光夜视仪,此外还装备了卫星导航系统。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-6-15 2:25:12编辑过]
<p align="center" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;"><font face="宋体">重振雄风!</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">T-72</span><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;">再度披甲上阵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p align="center" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;"><font face="宋体">——各国改进</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;">T-72</span><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;">略影</span></font></p><p align="center" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><font face="宋体"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; mso-ascii-font-family: 华文新魏;">首发于红色战地论坛,转载请注明作者</span></font><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 170%; FONT-FAMILY: 华文新魏; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体;"><p></p></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">T-72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">简介<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">T-72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">坦克投入现役已<span lang="EN-US">30</span>年。它于<span lang="EN-US">1966</span>年着手设计,<span lang="EN-US">1971</span>年定型生产,<span lang="EN-US">1974</span>年开始装备部队。战斗全重<span lang="EN-US">41</span>吨的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>外形紧凑低矮,炮塔顶距地高度仅为<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="2.19" unitname="米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">2.19</span>米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,是现今有炮塔坦克中最低的,这有利于战地机动隐蔽。它采用复合装甲,使用自动装弹机,<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="125" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛炮还能发射<span lang="EN-US">9K119</span>炮射导弹。它发射尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹,在<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">1</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>距离上可穿透<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="400" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">400</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>厚均质装甲;发射<span lang="EN-US">BK<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="14" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>14M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>型尾翼稳定破甲弹,最大射程<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="4" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">4</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,在<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">1</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>距离上破甲厚度达<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="500" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">500</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>。从各项技术指标看,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克在<span lang="EN-US">20</span>世纪七八十年代完全称得上是一种集火力、机动力和防护力于一身的先进主战坦克,整体性能与美国的<span lang="EN-US">M<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="60" unitname="a" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-60A<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1</span>坦克相比毫不逊色,某些方面可能还要强<span lang="EN-US">—</span>些。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><font face="宋体"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">T-72</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;">坦克先后发展有<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>、<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1</span>、<span lang="EN-US">T-72K</span>、<span lang="EN-US">T-72MK</span>和<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1</span>改进型等多种型号,在多个国家生产,有<span lang="EN-US">27</span>个国家装备了<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>系列。它成了最实用的坦克。到<span lang="EN-US"> 1993</span>年停止生产时,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>总产量已超过两万辆。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></font></p><p></p><p></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;"><font face="宋体">随着世界军事技术的飞速发展,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克的性能已经落后,被逼进了升级改进的潮流。因为对于许多装备有<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克的国家来说,要换装当代世界先进坦克经费上负担不起。而从技术角度看,<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克还大有潜力,让<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克一下子全部退役不见得合算。如能利用高新技术对<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克进行升级改造,改进型<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克仍可能成为一种性能优良的主战坦克,这也有利于维持本国装甲部队的数量规模。于是,升级改进<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克成了所有装备<span lang="EN-US">T-72 </span>主战坦克国家首选之策。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">俄罗斯:原产国对<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的改进<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">俄罗斯是改进<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的超级主角。这一方面因为本国装备的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>亟需改进,另方面也是为了占有国际<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>改进市场。今年<span lang="EN-US">7</span>月<span lang="EN-US">13</span>日,在俄罗斯<span lang="EN-US">“</span>下塔吉尔<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="True" sourcevalue="2004" unitname="”" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">-2004 ”</span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>国际武器展览会上,人们看到了一种装备有<span lang="EN-US">V-90</span>型发动机的<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="72" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-72M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>1M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>改进型坦克。新型发动机的尺寸和重量与原发动机相差不多,不需对动力隔舱结构进行改动。但其最大功率已达到了<span lang="EN-US">883</span>千瓦。装备该型发动机的新型<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克具有高机动性和作战性能,例如加速到<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="30" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">30</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">/</span>小时的时间比此前快一倍,公路最大速度将近<span lang="EN-US">7 <chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="0" unitname="公里" wst="on"></chmetcnv>0<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">公里</span></span><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>/</span>小时,赶上了<span lang="EN-US">M<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="1" unitname="a" wst="on"></chmetcnv>1A<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>1“</span>艾布拉姆斯<span lang="EN-US">”</span>,超过了<span lang="EN-US">“</span>梅卡瓦<span lang="EN-US">”3</span>型坦克。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">乌克兰推出三个诱人的现代化升级包</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">90</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">年代,针对大量的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>主战坦克的海外用户,哈尔科夫莫洛佐夫机械制造设计局开发了一系列升级包,它们分别是<span lang="EN-US">T-72AG(</span>采用了大量<span lang="EN-US">T-84</span>和<span lang="EN-US">T-80UD</span>的关键部件<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;<span lang="EN-US">T-72MP(</span>安装了法国研制的火控系统<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;<span lang="EN-US">T-72-120(</span>安装了北约标准<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="120" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">120</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛坦克炮<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">所有三种升级包的核心都在于提高<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克的机动性,使其在这方面获得与最新型坦克同等的水平,并努力提高其防护能力。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;">三者之间最显著的不同在于火力方面。<span lang="EN-US">T-72AG</span>和<span lang="EN-US">T-72MP</span>仍然保留了<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="125" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>主炮,但前者安装乌克兰自行研制的火控系统,可发射炮射导弹;而<span lang="EN-US">T-72MP</span>安装的是法国的萨万<span lang="EN-US">-15(SAVAN-15)</span>计算机化的火控系统,由法国萨杰姆公司研制。<span lang="EN-US">T-72-120</span>则装备了<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="120" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">120</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛炮,发射北约标准弹药,也采用乌克兰设计的火控系统。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">一旦这三个升级包被那些拥有大量<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>早期型坦克的国家所采用,那么这些国家将会以很小的代价使他们的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克群获得堪与西方最新型坦克相媲美的性能,并能使其服役寿命延长<span lang="EN-US">15-20</span>年。不得不说,这对大部分并不富裕而又急缺现代化坦克的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>拥有果来说是个福音,这三套方案在国际市场上非常有竞争力!<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">波兰籍的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>家族中的佼佼者<span lang="EN-US">—PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">波兰生产,出售给马来西亚的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的最新改进型<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>坦克,以其先进的配置和不俗的性能引起了人们关注。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  相比于为波兰军队生产的<span lang="EN-US">PT-91</span>主战坦克,<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="True" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91 M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>在诸多方面有了很大的改进。首先在防护上,<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>的车体和炮塔<span lang="EN-US">(</span>包括前部和侧面<span lang="EN-US">)</span>挂装了波兰新式的增强型模块化爆炸反应装甲。为增强对地雷的防护,在战车的底部安装了防护附件,乘员的座椅下装备了特殊防护装置,扭杆悬挂装置得到改进并加长,原先的履带也更换为德国迪尔公司生产的与<span lang="EN-US">“</span>豹<span lang="EN-US">”2</span>坦克一样的履带。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  在动力及传动系统方面,采用波兰<span lang="EN-US">PZL-Wola</span>公司全新的<span lang="EN-US">S-1000</span>柴油发动机,这是一种<span lang="EN-US">12</span>缸<span lang="EN-US">4</span>冲程涡轮增压中冷柴油机,在<span lang="EN-US">2 000</span>转<span lang="EN-US">/ </span>分时可达到其最大功率<span lang="EN-US">1 000</span>马力。这在<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>家族中绝对可算是<span lang="EN-US">“</span>大力士<span lang="EN-US">”</span>了。与之匹配的是德国伦克公司的<span lang="EN-US">ESM350</span>自动变速装置,这种装置设计非常紧凑,占用空间小,传动效率高。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  <span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>的主炮是一门<span lang="EN-US">D-81TM</span>型<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="125" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>滑膛炮,安装了法国<span lang="EN-US">SAGEM</span>公司的<span lang="EN-US">SAVAN 15</span>火控系统。这套系统在<span lang="EN-US">2001</span>年<span lang="EN-US">7</span>月安装在<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>原型车上进行移动目标的射击试验时表现非常出色,马来西亚专家当即敲定了此套系统。此外,炮塔还安装了<span lang="EN-US">EADS</span>公司研制的超快方位、俯仰角调节电机,大大缩短了战场中目标瞄准射击所需的时间。为防止坦克在中弹后引起大火或弹药殉爆,战车还安装了华沙<span lang="EN-US">PCO</span>公司研制的第二代自我保护<span lang="EN-US">/</span>激光报警系统。德国韦格曼公司的<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="76" unitname="毫米" wst="on"></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">76</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv>烟雾弹<span lang="EN-US">/</span>高爆榴弹发射器<span lang="EN-US">(</span>位于炮塔两边各排列<span lang="EN-US">12</span>个<span lang="EN-US">)</span>也为<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>战场生存能力的提高增加了一份筹码。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">  在战场通讯和目标观瞄方面,<span lang="EN-US">PT<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="True" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="91" unitname="m" wst="on"></chmetcnv>-91M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>配置的是<span lang="EN-US">RRC-9500</span>电台<span lang="EN-US">(PR<chmetcnv tcsc="0" numbertype="1" negative="False" hasspace="False" sourcevalue="4" unitname="g" wst="on"></chmetcnv>4G<chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>家族<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,除了<span lang="EN-US">SAVAN 15</span>火控系统中的车长用全景观瞄系统外,还安装了<span lang="EN-US">PCO</span>公司的<span lang="EN-US">POD-72</span>式车长微光夜视仪,此外还装备了卫星导航系统。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-6-15 2:25:12编辑过]
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">捷克:东欧巨人的现代化战车<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><table class="MsoNormalTable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right" border="0" style="mso-cellspacing: 0cm; mso-table-lspace: 2.25pt; mso-table-rspace: 2.25pt; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-table-left: right; mso-table-top: middle; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent;"><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 2.25pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: middle; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;"><p><font face="宋体">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;"><font face="宋体">捷克陆军的改进型<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>4CZ</span>主战坦克以凯特皮勒公司的珀金斯<span lang="EN-US">735</span>千瓦<span lang="EN-US">CV12</span>柴油机为动力,英国<span lang="EN-US">"</span>挑战者<span lang="EN-US">-2"</span>采用的正是这一款发动机。并安装了凯特皮勒的子公司<span lang="EN-US">--</span>珀金斯发动机公司与<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>4CZ</span>动力组件集成商<span lang="EN-US">--</span>以色列尼姆达公司生产的<span lang="EN-US">CV-12-1000</span>型发动机,与之搭配的是美国的艾利逊公司为其制造了传动装置和来自以色列的尼姆达公司<span lang="EN-US">NPP 2000-1</span>型动力系统。此外,<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>4CZ</span>上还配备了意大利生产的火控系统和光电一体化装置。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></span></p><p style="TEXT-INDENT: 10pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt;"><font face="宋体">捷克的军事专家们认为,在经过全面的现代化改造后,<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>4CZ</span>的整体作战效能已达到了西方第三代坦克的水平<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">印度:南亚“大国”的大手笔<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">印度陆军装甲部队目前共有<span lang="EN-US">3</span>个现役装甲师和<span lang="EN-US">8</span>个独立装甲旅,编为<span lang="EN-US">63</span>个坦克团<span lang="EN-US">(</span>其规模大体上相当于西方国家的<span lang="EN-US">1</span>个坦克营<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,装备有大约<span lang="EN-US">3800</span>辆主战坦克,而其中坚则是<span lang="EN-US">1900</span>多辆<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>坦克<span lang="EN-US">(T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>主战坦克在印度陆军中的编号为<span lang="EN-US">Ajeya</span>,装备<span lang="EN-US">35</span>个<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>坦克团,每团<span lang="EN-US">55</span>辆<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>坦克<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">过去的<span lang="EN-US">20</span>年里,在印度陆军中服役的<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>已经充分证明了它卓越的作战能力。印度陆军简直对它爱不释手,这不仅仅因为它低矮的外形和仅仅<span lang="EN-US">41.5</span>吨的战斗全重<span lang="EN-US">(</span>后面一点对印度非常重要,印度的国内交通网很不发达,阿琼坦克遭人诟病的缺点之一就是全重太大令印度国内大部分公路系统都难以承受。相对较轻的<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>坦克显然在战术机动性方面拥有优势<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;也不仅仅是因为它强大的火力<span lang="EN-US">(<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="毫米" sourcevalue="125" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">125<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">毫米</span></span></chmetcnv><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="a" sourcevalue="2" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">2A</chmetcnv>46</span>滑膛炮<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;还因为它对后勤较低的依赖性和坚固皮实的结构。印度陆军坦承,<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>的制造工艺在很多方面都比较粗糙,无法同西方同类产品相提并论,但印度陆军相对比较落后的后勤供应能力和印度国内基础工业的缺陷使得<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>这样相对比较粗糙的装备反而能有较好的表现。因此,从这个角度说,尽管<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>坦克代表的只是<span lang="EN-US">20</span>世纪<span lang="EN-US">70</span>年代末的技术水平,但它至少在未来相当长一段时期内仍是印度陆军装甲部队的脊梁。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">如此广阔的市场各国军火商理莫不垂涎三尺,俄罗斯、以色列、乌克兰、波兰等国家纷纷推出自己的改进计划,但以俄罗斯的最受印度方面的关注。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">俄罗斯作为这种坦克的生产国又装备有大量的同类坦克,对于<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>性能和设计方面的缺陷一清二楚,自然不能放弃这块肥肉。为此俄罗斯提供了他们自己的<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>的完整升级包,完全采取俄制组件,使<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>技术达到<span lang="EN-US">T-90</span>坦克的水平。其中包括俄罗斯最新制造的反应装甲和新的火控系统,新火控系统可以发射<span lang="EN-US">Refleks</span>炮射导弹;车长将在战斗中起到更加重要的作用;热成像仪将提供夜战能力;和<span lang="EN-US">T-90</span>相同的双向稳定技术将使<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>也获得行进间开火的能力。俄罗斯还承诺将提供<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="毫米" sourcevalue="125" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US">125</span>毫米</chmetcnv><chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="a" sourcevalue="2" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"><span lang="EN-US">2A</span></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">46</span>坦克炮使用的所有炮弹,发动机也将被升级到<span lang="EN-US">1000</span>马力。印度还在寻求获得更多更先进的部件<span lang="EN-US">——</span>例如利用电磁压制原理研制的反地雷装置。俄罗斯方面还声称如果印度选择他们的方案,他们还可以额外提供激光告警器。“窗帘”主动防护系统近年来大出风头,但俄罗斯将此系统用于<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>改进的可能性很小,因为即使是印度进口的<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="C" sourcevalue="90" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-90C</chmetcnv></span>也没有装备这种防护系统。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">印度国防研究与发展组织和印度陆军合作已经为<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>拟订了详细的改进清单,主要的改进项目集中在坦克电子设备上,而对平台的改进相对有限,这也是现役坦克改进的常规方式。电子设备方面的改进被称为<span lang="EN-US">“</span>黄金典范<span lang="EN-US">”</span>升级包<span lang="EN-US">(Gold Standard)</span>,该升级包包括如下内容:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">  <span lang="EN-US">1.</span>新的火控系统 由波兰<span lang="EN-US">PCO-Cenzin</span>公司研制的德拉瓦<span lang="EN-US">-T</span>火控系统。德拉瓦<span lang="EN-US">-T</span>目前已安装在波兰陆军自己的<span lang="EN-US">PT-91</span>主战坦克上,后者是波兰版的<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>坦克升级型号;<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">  <span lang="EN-US">2.</span>在德拉瓦<span lang="EN-US">-T</span>火控系统内整合了以色列<span lang="EN-US">El-Op</span>公司提供的热成像仪。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">  <span lang="EN-US">3.</span>新的无线电台<span lang="EN-US"> DRDO</span>和布哈拉特电子有限公司<span lang="EN-US">(Bharat Electronics Ltd)</span>联合研制的先进跳频无线电。由布哈拉特电子有限公司制造。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">  <span lang="EN-US">4.</span>布哈拉特电子有限公司的先进地面导航系统<span lang="EN-US">(</span>整合入光纤陀螺仪<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">  <span lang="EN-US">5.</span>激光警告系统 由印度国防研究与发展组织、布哈拉特电子有限公司和印度工业联合研制,布哈拉特电子有限公司制造。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">坦克平台的改进主要包括炮控系统、反应装甲和发动机组件。布哈拉特重型电子有限公司<span lang="EN-US">(Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd.)</span>和印度电子有限公司联合研制新型炮控系统,目的是使<span lang="EN-US">T<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="72" hasspace="False" negative="True" numbertype="1" tcsc="0">-72M</chmetcnv>1</span>坦克拥有更快的反应时间和更稳定的发射平台以提高其命中精度<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">后话<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;">在现今世界主战坦克中,论装备范围广、数量大和变型车繁多,哪种坦克都无法与<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>相比,然而亦没有哪种坦克像<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>那样遭遇过不公平对待。它曾让人谈其色变,也曾被人说得<span lang="EN-US"> “</span>糟糕透顶<span lang="EN-US">”</span>、“只是废物” 。现如今</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">提起<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>很多人的第一反应就是:无能的代名词,身首异处是其特性,被打的屁滚尿流是家常便饭。在考虑其自身缺陷的同时也不应排除是西方世界对它的积极丑化的结果。当我们审视<span lang="EN-US">T</span>—<span lang="EN-US">72</span>时应该用客观公正的态度。若当人们看到<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的现代升级改进型时也只是想当然地以为:“依然是<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>,依然是废铁”的话,恐怕<span lang="EN-US">T-72</span>的拥有者们要开怀大笑了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><p></p></span></p>
目前世界上只有两条还在运转的T-72生产线,一条在塞尔维亚,一条在伊朗
伊朗得不到更好的坦克,所以只有买下生产权继续生产和改进
<p>伊朗在93年以后已经决定自己研制坦克了,生产线是91年买的,其实俄罗斯很想卖T90,但是伊朗不要啊。伊朗产的是T-72S,相当于T-72B</p><p></p>
72是种好坦克
<div class="quote"><b>以下是引用<i>唯物</i>在2006-6-14 16:29:00的发言:</b><br/><p>伊朗在93年以后已经决定自己研制坦克了,生产线是91年买的,其实俄罗斯很想卖T90,但是伊朗不要啊。伊朗产的是T-72S,相当于T-72B</p><p></p></div><p>为何不要T90呢?</p><p>伊朗也买不到其他比较先进的坦克了呀?</p>
<p>但现在,在俄罗斯的t-72生产线已经没有了。</p><p>好像在伊朗还有一条t72的生产线</p>
<p>俄罗斯的T-72生产线不是没有了,而是停了改为生产T-90</p><p>去年还是前年曾经在坦装上看到信息说伊朗研究了新的坦克并且投入验证,但是随后就没有消息了</p>
<p>不是吧,写的我好辛苦的哦,我延迟了20多天才发出来的。</p><p>没有人喜欢吗?</p>
<div class="quote"><b>以下是引用<i>唯物</i>在2006-6-14 15:37:00的发言:</b><br/>目前世界上只有两条还在运转的T-72生产线,一条在塞尔维亚,一条在伊朗</div><p></p>不死的传说
<p>伊朗新坦克有一个系列叫zulfiqar,已经服役多年了。不过属于二代半的坦克</p><p>下次我发专文。</p>
<p>变成了t-90的生产线,就是没有了t-72了吧。</p><p>t-90是新一代的主战坦克。</p><p>伊朗现在的国力并不足以大量生产t-90坦克,</p><p>而且,伊朗军队对t-72坦克使用多年,很熟悉,但转用t-90的话要一段时间适应</p>
<p>它发射尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹,在<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="1" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">1</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>距离上可穿透<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="毫米" sourcevalue="400" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">400</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>厚均质装甲;发射<span lang="EN-US">BK<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="m" sourcevalue="14" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>14M<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv></span>型尾翼稳定破甲弹,最大射程<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="4" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">4</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>,在<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="公里" sourcevalue="1" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">1</span>公里<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>距离上破甲厚度达<chmetcnv wst="on" unitname="毫米" sourcevalue="500" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0"></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv><span lang="EN-US">500</span>毫米<chmetcnv></chmetcnv><chmetcnv></chmetcnv>。</p><p>===这是什么时候的数据啊?</p>
这个是原型的数据,没有什么问题
几失望哦,都是看图的