日本采购F35单价上涨至1.42亿美元

据《简氏防务周刊》2013年10月9日报道，日本防卫省9月30日宣布日本在2012财年到2013财年所购买的F-35A战斗机的单价从102亿日元(折合1.27亿美元)增加到了140亿日元(折合1.42亿美元)。

　　日本防卫省称由于包括制造商进度在内的各种原因，2013财年所购买的两架F-35战机每架149亿日元(折合1.5亿美元)，比2012财年所购买的4架F-35战机每架增长了40多亿日元。在2012财年，日本购买的4架F-35A的单价为102亿日元(折合1.27亿美元)。

　　日本防卫省还同时宣布了获得F-35战机订单的制造商，包括三菱重工获得639亿日元最终合同、石川岛播磨重工业株式会社(IHI)获得182亿日元的合同，而三菱电气则获得了56亿日元的合同。

The Japanese Ministry of Defence (MoD) has admitted that the unit cost of its F-35As jumped from JPY10.2 billion (USD127.7 million) per aircraft in Fiscal Year 2012 to JPY14 billion (USD142.8 million) in FY13
The cost rise is largely due to local industrial participation in the F-35's production and assembly
The Japanese Ministry of Defence (MoD) announced on 30 September that the cost of the Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters (JSFs) it is purchasing has increased from JPY10.2 billion (USD127.7 million) per aircraft in Fiscal Year 2012 (FY12) to JPY14 billion (USD142.8 million) per aircraft in FY13.

The Ministry had initially allocated a unit cost of JPY14.9 billion per aircraft to purchase two F-35s in FY13. It cited domestic companies' involvement in the manufacturing process as the main reason for the increase in cost compared to the four F-35s bought for JPY10.2 billion per aircraft in FY12.

In the FY13 budget, expenses related to the F-35 totaled JPY133.2 billion, a little lower than the JPY133.9 billion originally projected.

The MoD also announced a number of F-35-related contract awards for local industry: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) has been awarded a contract worth JPY63.9 billion for final assembly and checkout (FACO); IHI Corporation has been awarded a JPY18.2 billion contract to manufacture engine parts; and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation has been awarded a JPY5.6 billion contract to manufacture radar components.

ANALYSIS
The increase in price for Japan's JSFs is in contrast to reduced costs for the US Air Force's (USAF) F-35As and illustrates the financial penalties of allocating work for the programme to local industry.

The US government on 27 September finalised low-rate initial production (LRIP) VI and VII contracts for the US military valued at a total of USD7.8 billion. These contracts will fund production of 71 aircraft across three types: the F-35A conventional take-off and landing variant, the F-35B short take-off and landing variant, and the F-35C carrier variant.

According to officials, the F-35A airframe, which Japan is also purchasing, is projected to cost USD100.8 million in LRIP VI and USD96.8 million in LRIP VII. However, this price does not include the F135 engines being produced by Pratt & Whitney, which defence officials have said cost about USD14 million each.

The F-35's cost inflation is well documented. When it was down-selected for System Development and Demonstration in 2001, the unit cost of a USAF F-35A was quoted as USD37.3 million. By FY10, US budget documentation showed the F-35A unit cost, (airframe, contractor-furnished electronics and engine), to be USD130.6 million.

Economies of scale expected during peak production should drive unit cost down, although this is likely to be offset by significant cuts in the number of aircraft to be procured, especially by the US. In November 2009, Lockheed Martin estimated (in FY02 dollars) average unit recurring flyaway cost to be in the upper USD40 million range for the F-35A. By July 2012, Lockheed Martin had revised those figures, with the unit cost of an F-35A estimated to be about USD70 million in 2012 dollars.


中华网链接：http://big5.china.com/gate/big5/ ... 31011/18084240.html

简氏链接：http://www.janes.com/article/278 ... ps-by-usd15-million


据《简氏防务周刊》2013年10月9日报道，日本防卫省9月30日宣布日本在2012财年到2013财年所购买的F-35A战斗机的单价从102亿日元(折合1.27亿美元)增加到了140亿日元(折合1.42亿美元)。

　　日本防卫省称由于包括制造商进度在内的各种原因，2013财年所购买的两架F-35战机每架149亿日元(折合1.5亿美元)，比2012财年所购买的4架F-35战机每架增长了40多亿日元。在2012财年，日本购买的4架F-35A的单价为102亿日元(折合1.27亿美元)。

　　日本防卫省还同时宣布了获得F-35战机订单的制造商，包括三菱重工获得639亿日元最终合同、石川岛播磨重工业株式会社(IHI)获得182亿日元的合同，而三菱电气则获得了56亿日元的合同。

The Japanese Ministry of Defence (MoD) has admitted that the unit cost of its F-35As jumped from JPY10.2 billion (USD127.7 million) per aircraft in Fiscal Year 2012 to JPY14 billion (USD142.8 million) in FY13
The cost rise is largely due to local industrial participation in the F-35's production and assembly
The Japanese Ministry of Defence (MoD) announced on 30 September that the cost of the Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters (JSFs) it is purchasing has increased from JPY10.2 billion (USD127.7 million) per aircraft in Fiscal Year 2012 (FY12) to JPY14 billion (USD142.8 million) per aircraft in FY13.

The Ministry had initially allocated a unit cost of JPY14.9 billion per aircraft to purchase two F-35s in FY13. It cited domestic companies' involvement in the manufacturing process as the main reason for the increase in cost compared to the four F-35s bought for JPY10.2 billion per aircraft in FY12.

In the FY13 budget, expenses related to the F-35 totaled JPY133.2 billion, a little lower than the JPY133.9 billion originally projected.

The MoD also announced a number of F-35-related contract awards for local industry: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) has been awarded a contract worth JPY63.9 billion for final assembly and checkout (FACO); IHI Corporation has been awarded a JPY18.2 billion contract to manufacture engine parts; and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation has been awarded a JPY5.6 billion contract to manufacture radar components.

ANALYSIS
The increase in price for Japan's JSFs is in contrast to reduced costs for the US Air Force's (USAF) F-35As and illustrates the financial penalties of allocating work for the programme to local industry.

The US government on 27 September finalised low-rate initial production (LRIP) VI and VII contracts for the US military valued at a total of USD7.8 billion. These contracts will fund production of 71 aircraft across three types: the F-35A conventional take-off and landing variant, the F-35B short take-off and landing variant, and the F-35C carrier variant.

According to officials, the F-35A airframe, which Japan is also purchasing, is projected to cost USD100.8 million in LRIP VI and USD96.8 million in LRIP VII. However, this price does not include the F135 engines being produced by Pratt & Whitney, which defence officials have said cost about USD14 million each.

The F-35's cost inflation is well documented. When it was down-selected for System Development and Demonstration in 2001, the unit cost of a USAF F-35A was quoted as USD37.3 million. By FY10, US budget documentation showed the F-35A unit cost, (airframe, contractor-furnished electronics and engine), to be USD130.6 million.

Economies of scale expected during peak production should drive unit cost down, although this is likely to be offset by significant cuts in the number of aircraft to be procured, especially by the US. In November 2009, Lockheed Martin estimated (in FY02 dollars) average unit recurring flyaway cost to be in the upper USD40 million range for the F-35A. By July 2012, Lockheed Martin had revised those figures, with the unit cost of an F-35A estimated to be about USD70 million in 2012 dollars.


中华网链接：http://big5.china.com/gate/big5/ ... 31011/18084240.html

简氏链接：http://www.janes.com/article/278 ... ps-by-usd15-million