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<P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
<P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago</P>
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph) </P>
<P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph)</P>
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</P>
<P>1) Pressurized Cockpit <B>2)</B> Oxidant Tanks <B>3)</B> Fuel Tanks <B>4)</B> High-Pressure Combustion Chamber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>5)</B> Auxiliary Rocket Chambers <B>6)</B> Wedge-Shaped Wing <B>7)</B> Retracted Undercarriage <B>8)</B> Free-Falling Bomb </P>
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</P>
<P>1) Captive Rocket Booster of 600 Tons Thrust <B>2)</B> Sänger Amerika Bomber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>3)</B> 3 Km (1.9 miles) Long Monorail Track <B>4)</B> Sled Carriage
</P>
<P>The diagram on the right is part of Dr. Eugen Sänger's original proposal and shows the expected flight path that his "Silverbird" would travel on a bomb run to New York City. Please note the skipping, roller coaster-like path the Sänger would take before landing....
</P>
<P>
Another sketch of the Sänger on its launching rail
1) Launch Rail 2) Sänger Amerika Bomber
3) Launching Sled 4) Rocket Booster</P>
<P>
</P>
<P>Dr. Eugen Sänger confers with mathematician
and future wife Irene Bredt in their WWII
research lab in Trauen.</P>
<P>
</P>
<P>A wind tunnel model of the Sänger Amerika Bomber, which is still in existence today.... </P>
<P>
</P>
</P>
<P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
<P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago</P>
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph) </P>
<P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph)</P>
<P></P>
<P>1) Pressurized Cockpit <B>2)</B> Oxidant Tanks <B>3)</B> Fuel Tanks <B>4)</B> High-Pressure Combustion Chamber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>5)</B> Auxiliary Rocket Chambers <B>6)</B> Wedge-Shaped Wing <B>7)</B> Retracted Undercarriage <B>8)</B> Free-Falling Bomb </P>
<P></P>
<P>1) Captive Rocket Booster of 600 Tons Thrust <B>2)</B> Sänger Amerika Bomber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>3)</B> 3 Km (1.9 miles) Long Monorail Track <B>4)</B> Sled Carriage
</P>
<P>The diagram on the right is part of Dr. Eugen Sänger's original proposal and shows the expected flight path that his "Silverbird" would travel on a bomb run to New York City. Please note the skipping, roller coaster-like path the Sänger would take before landing....
</P>
<P>
Another sketch of the Sänger on its launching rail
1) Launch Rail 2) Sänger Amerika Bomber
3) Launching Sled 4) Rocket Booster</P>
<P></P>
<P>Dr. Eugen Sänger confers with mathematician
and future wife Irene Bredt in their WWII
research lab in Trauen.</P>
<P></P>
<P>A wind tunnel model of the Sänger Amerika Bomber, which is still in existence today.... </P>
<P></P>
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-14 18:42:39编辑过]
</P><P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
<P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago</P>
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph) </P>
<P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph)</P>
<P>
</P><P>1) Pressurized Cockpit <B>2)</B> Oxidant Tanks <B>3)</B> Fuel Tanks <B>4)</B> High-Pressure Combustion Chamber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>5)</B> Auxiliary Rocket Chambers <B>6)</B> Wedge-Shaped Wing <B>7)</B> Retracted Undercarriage <B>8)</B> Free-Falling Bomb </P>
<P>
</P><P>1) Captive Rocket Booster of 600 Tons Thrust <B>2)</B> Sänger Amerika Bomber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>3)</B> 3 Km (1.9 miles) Long Monorail Track <B>4)</B> Sled Carriage
</P>
<P>The diagram on the right is part of Dr. Eugen Sänger's original proposal and shows the expected flight path that his "Silverbird" would travel on a bomb run to New York City. Please note the skipping, roller coaster-like path the Sänger would take before landing....
</P>
<P>
Another sketch of the Sänger on its launching rail
1) Launch Rail 2) Sänger Amerika Bomber
3) Launching Sled 4) Rocket Booster</P>
<P>
</P><P>Dr. Eugen Sänger confers with mathematician
and future wife Irene Bredt in their WWII
research lab in Trauen.</P>
<P>
</P><P>A wind tunnel model of the Sänger Amerika Bomber, which is still in existence today.... </P>
<P>
</P>[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-14 18:42:39编辑过]
<P> </P><P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
<P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago</P>
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph) </P>
<P>In June 1935 and February 1936, Dr. Eugen Sänger published articles in the Austrian aviation publication Flug on rocket-powered aircraft. This led to his being asked by the German High Command to build a secret aerospace research institute in Trauen to research and build his "Silverbird", a manned, winged vehicle that could reach orbit. Dr. Sänger had been working on this concept for several years, and in fact he had began developing liquid-fuel rocket engines. From 1930 to 1935, he had perfected (through countless static tests) a 'regeneratively cooled' liquid-fueled rocket engine that was cooled by its own fuel, which circulated around the combustion chamber. This engine produced an astounding 3048 meters/second (10000 feet/second) exhaust velocity, as compared to the later V-2 rocket's 2000 meters/second (6560 feet/second). Dr. Sänger, along with his staff, continued work at Trauen on the "Silverbird" under the Amerika Bomber program.
The Sänger Amerika Bomber (or Orbital Bomber, Antipodal Bomber or Atmosphere Skipper) was designed for supersonic, stratospheric flight (please see diagram below). The fuselage was flattened, which helped create lift and the wings were short and wedge shaped. There was a horizontal tail surface located at the extreme aft end of the fuselage, which had a small fin on each end. The fuel was carried in two large tanks, one on each side of the fuselage, running from the wings aft. Oxygen tanks were located one on each side of the fuselage, located forward of the wings. There was a huge rocket engine of 100 tons thrust mounted in the fuselage rear, and was flanked by two auxiliary rocket engines. The pilot sat in a pressurized cockpit in the forward fuselage, and a tricycle undercarriage was fitted for a gliding landing. A central bomb bay held one 3629 kg (8000 lb) free-falling bomb, and no defensive armament was fitted. The empty weight was to be approximately 9979 kg (22000 lbs).
An interesting flight profile was envisioned for the "Silverbird". It was to be propelled down a 3 km (1.9 mile) long monorail track by a rocket-powered sled that developed a 600 ton thrust for 11 seconds (please see diagram below). After taking off at a 30 degree angle and reaching an altitude of 1.5 km (5100'), a speed of 1850 km/h (1149 mph) would be reached. At this point, the main rocket engine would be fired for 8 minutes and burn 90 tons of fuel to propel the "Silverbird" to a maximum speed of 22100 km/h (13724 mph) and an altitude of over 145 km (90 miles), although some sources list the maximum altitude reached as 280 km (174 miles). As the aircraft accelerated and descended under the pull of gravity, it would then hit the denser air at about 40 km (25 miles) and 'skip' back up as a stone does when skipped along water (please see drawing below). This also had the added benefit of cooling the aircraft after the intense frictional heating encountered when the denser air was reached. The skips would gradually be decreased until the aircraft would glide back to a normal landing using its conventional tricycle landing gear, after covering approximately 23500 km (14594 miles).
The final test facilities for full-scale rocket engine tests were being built when Russia was invaded in June 1941. All futuristic programs were canceled due to the need to concentrate on proven designs. Dr. Sänger went on to work on ramjet designs for the DFS (German Research Institute for Gliding), and helped to design the Skoda-Kauba Sk P.14. Although the Luftwaffe did its best to stop Dr. Sänger from publishing his research results, a few copies went unaccounted for and made their way to other countries. After the war, he was asked to work (along with mathematician Irene Bredt) for the French Air Ministry, where in a bizarre plot, he was almost kidnapped by Stalin, who recognized the value of the Amerika Bomber.
</P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph)</P>
<P>
</P><P>1) Pressurized Cockpit <B>2)</B> Oxidant Tanks <B>3)</B> Fuel Tanks <B>4)</B> High-Pressure Combustion Chamber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>5)</B> Auxiliary Rocket Chambers <B>6)</B> Wedge-Shaped Wing <B>7)</B> Retracted Undercarriage <B>8)</B> Free-Falling Bomb </P>
<P>
</P><P>1) Captive Rocket Booster of 600 Tons Thrust <B>2)</B> Sänger Amerika Bomber of 100 Tons Thrust
<B>3)</B> 3 Km (1.9 miles) Long Monorail Track <B>4)</B> Sled Carriage
</P>
<P>The diagram on the right is part of Dr. Eugen Sänger's original proposal and shows the expected flight path that his "Silverbird" would travel on a bomb run to New York City. Please note the skipping, roller coaster-like path the Sänger would take before landing....
</P>
<P>
Another sketch of the Sänger on its launching rail
1) Launch Rail 2) Sänger Amerika Bomber
3) Launching Sled 4) Rocket Booster</P>
<P>
</P><P>Dr. Eugen Sänger confers with mathematician
and future wife Irene Bredt in their WWII
research lab in Trauen.</P>
<P>
</P><P>A wind tunnel model of the Sänger Amerika Bomber, which is still in existence today.... </P>
<P>
</P>[此贴子已经被作者于2005-3-14 18:42:39编辑过]
<P>1935年6月和1936年2月, 尤金桑格博士在奥地利航空出版物FLUG(德文,飞行)上发表了关于火箭动力飞行器的文章.从此导致了德国最高指挥部约请他在TRAUEN(德国城市,中文未知)建立一个秘密的空间研究中心,以来研制他的"银鸟"飞行器.一种可以进入轨道的有翼载人飞行器. 桑格博士多年从事此项研究,并且已经开始研制液体燃料火箭发动机. 从1930到1935年,他不断完善了一中从冷却液体燃料火箭发动机.这种发动机用自己在燃烧室外不断循环的燃料冷却. 此发动机能产生3048米每秒的喷射速度,而后期的V-2火箭只有2000米/秒的速度. 桑格博士与他的同事们在TRAUEN的亚美立加轰炸机(巨我个人知道"美国"轰炸机是德国用来轰炸美国的远程轰炸机项目)项目中继续开发"银鸟"</P><P>明天考试,明天回来在给你翻译.
</P>
</P>
<P>谢谢多了就罗嗦了，又不知道该怎么表达~~~~~~~~~~~~</P><P>期待下文</P>
<P> 顶一下。</P>
<P>桑格的“美国“轰炸机（也称为：轨道轰炸机，antipodal bomber 不认识，或者大气层跳跃者？）是为在同温层内进行超音速飞行而设计的。平整的机身提供辅助的升力。一头尖机翼很短。在机身最后面的水平尾翼上的每头都设有一个小翼。 两个大型油箱在机翼处的机身里。在机翼前处的机身内放有两个氧气瓶。一个巨型的火箭发动机安放在机身后面，左右各有两个备用火箭发动机。飞行员坐在前面的增压坐舱内。下面是为滑翔降落设计的3轮起落架。不装备任何的自卫武器，中央炸弹舱可以装置3629千克的自由下落炸弹。 空机重量大约为9979千克。
</P><P>因为我对这个末期的武器不是很熟悉，所以有些地方可能翻译的不对，有些地方又有点不通顺。有背景的朋友可以纠正一下。</P>
</P><P>因为我对这个末期的武器不是很熟悉，所以有些地方可能翻译的不对，有些地方又有点不通顺。有背景的朋友可以纠正一下。</P>
<P>可以设想"银鸟"有趣的飞行. 一开始,它在一个长3公里的单轨上靠火箭动力的滑翘, 它将在11秒内产生600吨的推力.以30度角爬生到1.5公里的高度,它就具有了1850公里/小时的速度.这时火箭发动机将启动8分钟,烧掉90吨的燃料,将把"银鸟"的最大速度在145公里的高度上增加到22100公里/小时,另有资料说是高度大280公里. 飞机加速的同时,由于地球引力它也在降低高度, 在40公里的高度时,它会遇到更稠密的大气,在这里反弹起来就好象打水飘一样. 同时这也可以使其冷却它在下降过程中摩擦出的热量. 这种跳跃将会不断衰减的持续到其降落, 这其间大约飞行了23500公里. </P>
<P>最后的火箭发动机实验因为苏联在1941年的反击而取消. 因为所有的实验都需要近一步的论证与实验, 倒置未来所有的计划都被取消. 桑格博士参加了为DFS(德国滑翔研究院)的RAM喷气机的设计,并且参与设计了SKODA-KAUBA SK P.14(发动机?)虽然德国空军竭尽全力阻止他公布他的研究结果,但一些仍然流落到外国.战后,他被约请为法国航空部工作(与数学家Irene Bredt一起), 在那里,一次奇怪的事件,使他差点被同样知道"美国"轰炸机价值的苏联绑架.</P><P>全文完, 如果你能把下面的图找出来,我在翻译图的注释.</P>
<P>原文已加图</P>
<P> 顶一下。</P>
<P></P><P>桑格的"美国"轰炸机</P><P>有上自下:前起落架,飞行员,氧气罐,主起落架,炸弹舱, 燃料罐,火箭发动机</P><P></P><P>1) 增压坐舱 <B>2)</B> 氧气罐 <B>3)</B> 燃料罐 <B>4)</B> 100吨推力高压燃烧室(加力室) <B>5)</B> 同向火箭室<B>6)</B> 梯形主翼 <B>7)</B> 收起的起落架 <B>8)</B> 自由下落炸弹(普通炸弹)</P>
</P><P>桑格的"美国"轰炸机</P><P>有上自下:前起落架,飞行员,氧气罐,主起落架,炸弹舱, 燃料罐,火箭发动机</P><P></P><P>1) 增压坐舱 <B>2)</B> 氧气罐 <B>3)</B> 燃料罐 <B>4)</B> 100吨推力高压燃烧室(加力室) <B>5)</B> 同向火箭室<B>6)</B> 梯形主翼 <B>7)</B> 收起的起落架 <B>8)</B> 自由下落炸弹(普通炸弹)</P><P></P><P>1) 600吨推力助推火箭 <B>2)</B> 100吨推力的桑格"美国"轰炸机<B>3)</B> 3公里长单轨 <B>4)</B> 滑撬起落架</P><P></P><P>另一张轰炸机在单轨上的示意图
1) 发射轨2) 轰炸机
3)发射撬4) 火箭助推器</P><P></P><P>桑格博士和后来成为他妻子的数学家Irene Bredt在二战时的托恩(德国地名)研究室一起讨论</P><P></P><P>至今仍然存在的美国轰炸机的风洞模型</P><P>你的图不全,还有一张,你没有贴. 另外, 如果你要转载到其他论坛,因为是我们CD的CEO组翻译, 请标明超大CEO翻译编辑. 谢谢.</P>
</P><P>1) 600吨推力助推火箭 <B>2)</B> 100吨推力的桑格"美国"轰炸机<B>3)</B> 3公里长单轨 <B>4)</B> 滑撬起落架</P><P></P><P>另一张轰炸机在单轨上的示意图 1) 发射轨2) 轰炸机
3)发射撬4) 火箭助推器</P><P>
</P><P>桑格博士和后来成为他妻子的数学家Irene Bredt在二战时的托恩(德国地名)研究室一起讨论</P><P></P><P>至今仍然存在的美国轰炸机的风洞模型</P><P>你的图不全,还有一张,你没有贴. 另外, 如果你要转载到其他论坛,因为是我们CD的CEO组翻译, 请标明超大CEO翻译编辑. 谢谢.</P>哈鹰辛苦了！
<P>是漏了一张，补了。这个我准备发CD的，请问哈鹰发哪个版好？</P>
<P></P><P>上面的图(原文为右边)是桑格博士的一部分原始计划. 此图显示了银鸟轰炸纽约市的预计轨道. 请注意其类似于过山车轨道一样的跳跃
</P><P>你还有两张图没有贴出来啊.</P>
</P><P>上面的图(原文为右边)是桑格博士的一部分原始计划. 此图显示了银鸟轰炸纽约市的预计轨道. 请注意其类似于过山车轨道一样的跳跃</P><P>你还有两张图没有贴出来啊.</P>
<P> 继续支持。</P>
<P>原文已经没图了，给我指出什么位置，我再找一下</P>
Model photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph) </P><P>
</P><P>应该还有两张图。</P>
over New York CityModel photo of the Sänger Amerika Bomber
over Chicago
<P> View Josha Hildwine's Sänger "Silverbird" Orbital Bomber LuftArt images
<P> Span: 15.0 m (49' 2") Length: 27.98 m (91' 10") Max. Speed: 22100 km/h (13724 mph) </P><P>
</P><P>应该还有两张图。</P>
这段有两个链接，但链不上，没办法了
<P> 顶一下。</P>