超级军网[0402]《华盛顿邮报》在缺乏军事透明度的指责声中，中国 ...
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/29 18:09:52
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本文仅用于外语翻译练习，请勿用于商业目的。
水平有限，难免有错误缺陷，欢迎指正，谢谢。
往期翻译，请参见：http://www.docin.com/zczfr
====================================================
原文地址：
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/chinas-military-under-fire-over-transparency-seeks-to-build-trust-with-neighbors/2011/03/30/AFh06C6B_story.html
China’s military, under fire over transparency, seeks to build trust with neighbors
By Associated Press, Thursday, March 31, 6:29 AM
在缺乏军事透明度的指责声中，中国谋求与周边国家建立信任关系。
美联社，周４，３月３１日
BEIJING — China’s military on Thursday promised to work at building trust with neighboring countries following months of tensions with the U.S. and other nations over Beijing’s increasingly assertive behavior.
北京消息：中国军队周四承诺与周边国家建立互信。数月来，由于北京过于自信的行为，中国与周边及美国的关系越来越紧张。
The pledge was contained in a government policy paper issued every two years and follows complaints from the United States and others that China hasn’t adequately explained the goals of its rapid military expansion in the last three decades.
Alarm bells have sounded over China’s detention of foreign fishermen and harassment of research vessels in the South China Sea, along with warnings to the U.S. to stay out of the Yellow Sea off the northern coast and aggressive maneuvering by Chinese ships and helicopters in waters near Japan.
Stronger assertions of sovereignty claims have also sparked a regional backlash, drawing China’s neighbors closer to rival Washington and posing new challenges to Chinese diplomacy.
北京政府在每两年发布一次的政策白皮书里做出了上述承诺。过去３０年来，美国和其他国家一直抱怨中国对军事力量的快速增长目的没有做出适当解释。
中国在南海扣留外国渔船、骚扰科研船舶、警告美国不得进入其北部的黄海，并且在临近日本的海域好斗的使用直升机和船只。这些行为引发了周边国家的警觉。
由于在主权方面的强硬态度导致地区紧张，促使邻国向敌对的华盛顿靠近，这对中国外交政策构成了新的挑战。
In an apparent recognition of the need for greater communication, the defense report included for the first time a separate section on military confidence building, highlighting defense consultations, joint training missions and exchanges between border units.
China, the report stated, is pursuing such steps as “an effective way to maintain national security and development, and safeguard regional peace and stability.”
Despite the stated aim of greater military trust, China’s Foreign Ministry on Thursday dismissed Japanese protests over an incident earlier this month in which a helicopter belonging to China’s State Oceanic Administration flew within 230 feet (70 meters) of a Japanese destroyer as it was patrolling near a disputed area.
很明显是出于扩大沟通的考量，中国在国防报告中首次专门列出一个独立章节介绍建立军事互信，强调防务协商，联合训练和边境部队的交流。
白皮书写到：中国将继续推进“有效的国防策略，以维护国家安全和发展，保障地区和平与稳定。”
然而就在中方表示加强军事互信的同时，中国外交部长周４驳斥了日本对本月早些时侯中方飞机抵近日本军舰的抗议，当时日本驱逐舰正在争议海域附近巡逻，这架隶属于中国海监局的直升机接近到不到２３０英尺（７０米）的距离。
Washington has urged increased contacts with the Chinese military, although the People’s Liberation Army has often appeared reluctant. Beijing cut off formal exchanges in anger over a $6.4 billion arms package offered to Taiwan last year, although the defense paper said the two sides are now “maintaining effective dialogues and communications after various ups and downs.”
虽然华盛顿对与中国军队接触的要求越来越强烈，但ＰＬＡ方面在常常表现得并不情愿。在去年美国批准向台湾出售６４亿美元的军事装备后，中国愤怒的中断了双方的正式交流活动。不过现在国防白皮书说，“在经历关系波动后，双方保持了有效的对话和交流手段”。
The 2.3 million-member PLA is the world’s largest standing military and its modernization has been accompanied by gradual steps toward greater engagement with the outside world, including sending more than 17,000 military personnel to take part in United Nations peacekeeping missions.
Yet the PLA’s boosted capabilities and soaring budgets have also alarmed observers concerned with challenges to the U.S. Navy’s predominance in the western Pacific. On the back of booming economic growth, China’s official defense spending rose 12.7 percent this year to about 601 billion yuan ($91.5 billion), the second highest in the world behind the United States.
拥有２３０万军队的中国人民解放军（ＰＬＡ）是世界上最庞大的常备武装力量，在逐步现代化的同时，它不断向外界拓展影响力，包括派遣超过１万７千名士兵参与联合国维和任务。
但ＰＬＡ不断提升的战斗力和快速增长的预算，也使得观察者关注中国是否会对美国西太平洋海军主导地位造成挑战。在飞速发展的经济支撑下，中国官方国防预算今年增长１２。７％，达到６０１０亿ＲＭＢ（９１５亿美元），在世界上仅次于美国居第二位。
In introducing the report, Defense Ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng reasserted Chinese claims that it would never use its military might to bully its neighbors.
“At present and in future, no matter how developed China is, China will never seek hegemony or pursue expansionist policies,” Geng said.
“China’s armed forces adopt a peaceful, cooperative and constructive approach in participating in international military affairs,” he said.
Geng also repeated a vague pledge to hold military contacts and exchanges with Taiwan “at an appropriate time,” in keeping with recent improvements in overall ties between the rivals. China regards Taiwan as a breakaway province and threatens to use force to block any Taiwanese bid for formal independence, backing that up with the deployment of more than 1,000 missiles targeting the island.
在介绍白皮书的过程中，国防部发言人耿雁生重声，中国不会运用军事能力威胁邻国。
“现在和将来，无论中国如何发展，中国永远不会谋求霸权或推行扩张主义”，耿说，“在国际军事事务中，中国军队奉行和平，合作和建设性的参与方式。”
耿雁生同时重复了以往含糊的说法：在保持目前两岸整体关系的发展势头下，大陆将会在适当的时间和台湾进行军事接触和协商。中国把台湾看成一个分离的省份，威胁一旦台湾谋求正式独立将会使用武力，并为此针对这个小岛部署了超过１０００杆的导弹。
Strained relations between the U.S. and Chinese militaries improved slightly when U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates visited China in January. The PLA’s chief of general staff, Chen Bingde, is scheduled to travel to Washington in May.
At the same time, China has made significant gains toward fielding a missile system designed to sink a moving aircraft carrier from nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometers) away, the U.S. military said earlier this year. The “carrier-killer” missile and a new showpiece stealth fighter jet may not be a match for U.S. systems, but they represent rapid advances for China’s homegrown technology and defense manufacturing. Chinese plans to launch up to five aircraft carriers in coming years have also altered strategic thinking in the region.
The defense paper repeated Chinese irritation with U.S. support for Taiwan. U.S. sales of armaments to the island were “severely impeding Sino-U.S. relations and impairing the peaceful development of cross-strait relations,” it said.
在一月美国国防部部长盖茨访问中国后，美中双方紧张的关系稍微有所缓和。中国军队参谋长陈炳德计划在５月访问华盛顿。
与此同时，美国军方今年早些时侯表示，中国在攻击航母方面取得了进展，他发展出一种可以攻击２０００英里（３２００公里）范围内移动中航母的导弹系统。这些被成为“航母杀手”的导弹以及新出现的隐形飞机，也许还不能够和美军类似系统媲美，但它们反映了中国科技和军事制造业的快速发展。中国计划在几年内建造５艘航母，这也对该地区的战略思维造成了冲击。
白皮书重复了对美国支持台湾的愤怒，它写到，美方对台军售“严重的阻碍了中美关系，损害了海峡两岸的和平发展趋势”。
The report also highlighted China’s role in sending military ships to take an anti-piracy role in the Gulf of Aden off lawless Somalia.
The ships work alongside those from NATO nations, Russia and India, and are fighting piracy in the sea corridor between the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean that is one of the world’s busiest sea lanes. Chinese commercial ships have been among those hijacked and held for ransom by the pirates.
白皮书中着重提到了中国派遣了数艘军舰到索马里附近的亚丁外海域打击海盗的行动。
位于红海和印度洋之间的这片海域是世界上最繁忙的商业通道之一，中国多艘商船在这里遭到劫持和勒索赎金。中国军舰现在和北约，俄罗斯、印度一起进行打击海盗的工作。====================================================
本文仅用于外语翻译练习，请勿用于商业目的。
水平有限，难免有错误缺陷，欢迎指正，谢谢。
往期翻译，请参见：http://www.docin.com/zczfr
====================================================
原文地址：
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/chinas-military-under-fire-over-transparency-seeks-to-build-trust-with-neighbors/2011/03/30/AFh06C6B_story.html
China’s military, under fire over transparency, seeks to build trust with neighbors
By Associated Press, Thursday, March 31, 6:29 AM
在缺乏军事透明度的指责声中，中国谋求与周边国家建立信任关系。
美联社，周４，３月３１日
BEIJING — China’s military on Thursday promised to work at building trust with neighboring countries following months of tensions with the U.S. and other nations over Beijing’s increasingly assertive behavior.
北京消息：中国军队周四承诺与周边国家建立互信。数月来，由于北京过于自信的行为，中国与周边及美国的关系越来越紧张。
The pledge was contained in a government policy paper issued every two years and follows complaints from the United States and others that China hasn’t adequately explained the goals of its rapid military expansion in the last three decades.
Alarm bells have sounded over China’s detention of foreign fishermen and harassment of research vessels in the South China Sea, along with warnings to the U.S. to stay out of the Yellow Sea off the northern coast and aggressive maneuvering by Chinese ships and helicopters in waters near Japan.
Stronger assertions of sovereignty claims have also sparked a regional backlash, drawing China’s neighbors closer to rival Washington and posing new challenges to Chinese diplomacy.
北京政府在每两年发布一次的政策白皮书里做出了上述承诺。过去３０年来，美国和其他国家一直抱怨中国对军事力量的快速增长目的没有做出适当解释。
中国在南海扣留外国渔船、骚扰科研船舶、警告美国不得进入其北部的黄海，并且在临近日本的海域好斗的使用直升机和船只。这些行为引发了周边国家的警觉。
由于在主权方面的强硬态度导致地区紧张，促使邻国向敌对的华盛顿靠近，这对中国外交政策构成了新的挑战。
In an apparent recognition of the need for greater communication, the defense report included for the first time a separate section on military confidence building, highlighting defense consultations, joint training missions and exchanges between border units.
China, the report stated, is pursuing such steps as “an effective way to maintain national security and development, and safeguard regional peace and stability.”
Despite the stated aim of greater military trust, China’s Foreign Ministry on Thursday dismissed Japanese protests over an incident earlier this month in which a helicopter belonging to China’s State Oceanic Administration flew within 230 feet (70 meters) of a Japanese destroyer as it was patrolling near a disputed area.
很明显是出于扩大沟通的考量，中国在国防报告中首次专门列出一个独立章节介绍建立军事互信，强调防务协商，联合训练和边境部队的交流。
白皮书写到：中国将继续推进“有效的国防策略，以维护国家安全和发展，保障地区和平与稳定。”
然而就在中方表示加强军事互信的同时，中国外交部长周４驳斥了日本对本月早些时侯中方飞机抵近日本军舰的抗议，当时日本驱逐舰正在争议海域附近巡逻，这架隶属于中国海监局的直升机接近到不到２３０英尺（７０米）的距离。
Washington has urged increased contacts with the Chinese military, although the People’s Liberation Army has often appeared reluctant. Beijing cut off formal exchanges in anger over a $6.4 billion arms package offered to Taiwan last year, although the defense paper said the two sides are now “maintaining effective dialogues and communications after various ups and downs.”
虽然华盛顿对与中国军队接触的要求越来越强烈，但ＰＬＡ方面在常常表现得并不情愿。在去年美国批准向台湾出售６４亿美元的军事装备后，中国愤怒的中断了双方的正式交流活动。不过现在国防白皮书说，“在经历关系波动后，双方保持了有效的对话和交流手段”。
The 2.3 million-member PLA is the world’s largest standing military and its modernization has been accompanied by gradual steps toward greater engagement with the outside world, including sending more than 17,000 military personnel to take part in United Nations peacekeeping missions.
Yet the PLA’s boosted capabilities and soaring budgets have also alarmed observers concerned with challenges to the U.S. Navy’s predominance in the western Pacific. On the back of booming economic growth, China’s official defense spending rose 12.7 percent this year to about 601 billion yuan ($91.5 billion), the second highest in the world behind the United States.
拥有２３０万军队的中国人民解放军（ＰＬＡ）是世界上最庞大的常备武装力量，在逐步现代化的同时，它不断向外界拓展影响力，包括派遣超过１万７千名士兵参与联合国维和任务。
但ＰＬＡ不断提升的战斗力和快速增长的预算，也使得观察者关注中国是否会对美国西太平洋海军主导地位造成挑战。在飞速发展的经济支撑下，中国官方国防预算今年增长１２。７％，达到６０１０亿ＲＭＢ（９１５亿美元），在世界上仅次于美国居第二位。
In introducing the report, Defense Ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng reasserted Chinese claims that it would never use its military might to bully its neighbors.
“At present and in future, no matter how developed China is, China will never seek hegemony or pursue expansionist policies,” Geng said.
“China’s armed forces adopt a peaceful, cooperative and constructive approach in participating in international military affairs,” he said.
Geng also repeated a vague pledge to hold military contacts and exchanges with Taiwan “at an appropriate time,” in keeping with recent improvements in overall ties between the rivals. China regards Taiwan as a breakaway province and threatens to use force to block any Taiwanese bid for formal independence, backing that up with the deployment of more than 1,000 missiles targeting the island.
在介绍白皮书的过程中，国防部发言人耿雁生重声，中国不会运用军事能力威胁邻国。
“现在和将来，无论中国如何发展，中国永远不会谋求霸权或推行扩张主义”，耿说，“在国际军事事务中，中国军队奉行和平，合作和建设性的参与方式。”
耿雁生同时重复了以往含糊的说法：在保持目前两岸整体关系的发展势头下，大陆将会在适当的时间和台湾进行军事接触和协商。中国把台湾看成一个分离的省份，威胁一旦台湾谋求正式独立将会使用武力，并为此针对这个小岛部署了超过１０００杆的导弹。
Strained relations between the U.S. and Chinese militaries improved slightly when U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates visited China in January. The PLA’s chief of general staff, Chen Bingde, is scheduled to travel to Washington in May.
At the same time, China has made significant gains toward fielding a missile system designed to sink a moving aircraft carrier from nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometers) away, the U.S. military said earlier this year. The “carrier-killer” missile and a new showpiece stealth fighter jet may not be a match for U.S. systems, but they represent rapid advances for China’s homegrown technology and defense manufacturing. Chinese plans to launch up to five aircraft carriers in coming years have also altered strategic thinking in the region.
The defense paper repeated Chinese irritation with U.S. support for Taiwan. U.S. sales of armaments to the island were “severely impeding Sino-U.S. relations and impairing the peaceful development of cross-strait relations,” it said.
在一月美国国防部部长盖茨访问中国后，美中双方紧张的关系稍微有所缓和。中国军队参谋长陈炳德计划在５月访问华盛顿。
与此同时，美国军方今年早些时侯表示，中国在攻击航母方面取得了进展，他发展出一种可以攻击２０００英里（３２００公里）范围内移动中航母的导弹系统。这些被成为“航母杀手”的导弹以及新出现的隐形飞机，也许还不能够和美军类似系统媲美，但它们反映了中国科技和军事制造业的快速发展。中国计划在几年内建造５艘航母，这也对该地区的战略思维造成了冲击。
白皮书重复了对美国支持台湾的愤怒，它写到，美方对台军售“严重的阻碍了中美关系，损害了海峡两岸的和平发展趋势”。
The report also highlighted China’s role in sending military ships to take an anti-piracy role in the Gulf of Aden off lawless Somalia.
The ships work alongside those from NATO nations, Russia and India, and are fighting piracy in the sea corridor between the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean that is one of the world’s busiest sea lanes. Chinese commercial ships have been among those hijacked and held for ransom by the pirates.
白皮书中着重提到了中国派遣了数艘军舰到索马里附近的亚丁外海域打击海盗的行动。
位于红海和印度洋之间的这片海域是世界上最繁忙的商业通道之一，中国多艘商船在这里遭到劫持和勒索赎金。中国军舰现在和北约，俄罗斯、印度一起进行打击海盗的工作。
本文仅用于外语翻译练习，请勿用于商业目的。
水平有限，难免有错误缺陷，欢迎指正，谢谢。
往期翻译，请参见：http://www.docin.com/zczfr
====================================================
原文地址：
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/chinas-military-under-fire-over-transparency-seeks-to-build-trust-with-neighbors/2011/03/30/AFh06C6B_story.html
China’s military, under fire over transparency, seeks to build trust with neighbors
By Associated Press, Thursday, March 31, 6:29 AM
在缺乏军事透明度的指责声中，中国谋求与周边国家建立信任关系。
美联社，周４，３月３１日
BEIJING — China’s military on Thursday promised to work at building trust with neighboring countries following months of tensions with the U.S. and other nations over Beijing’s increasingly assertive behavior.
北京消息：中国军队周四承诺与周边国家建立互信。数月来，由于北京过于自信的行为，中国与周边及美国的关系越来越紧张。
The pledge was contained in a government policy paper issued every two years and follows complaints from the United States and others that China hasn’t adequately explained the goals of its rapid military expansion in the last three decades.
Alarm bells have sounded over China’s detention of foreign fishermen and harassment of research vessels in the South China Sea, along with warnings to the U.S. to stay out of the Yellow Sea off the northern coast and aggressive maneuvering by Chinese ships and helicopters in waters near Japan.
Stronger assertions of sovereignty claims have also sparked a regional backlash, drawing China’s neighbors closer to rival Washington and posing new challenges to Chinese diplomacy.
北京政府在每两年发布一次的政策白皮书里做出了上述承诺。过去３０年来，美国和其他国家一直抱怨中国对军事力量的快速增长目的没有做出适当解释。
中国在南海扣留外国渔船、骚扰科研船舶、警告美国不得进入其北部的黄海，并且在临近日本的海域好斗的使用直升机和船只。这些行为引发了周边国家的警觉。
由于在主权方面的强硬态度导致地区紧张，促使邻国向敌对的华盛顿靠近，这对中国外交政策构成了新的挑战。
In an apparent recognition of the need for greater communication, the defense report included for the first time a separate section on military confidence building, highlighting defense consultations, joint training missions and exchanges between border units.
China, the report stated, is pursuing such steps as “an effective way to maintain national security and development, and safeguard regional peace and stability.”
Despite the stated aim of greater military trust, China’s Foreign Ministry on Thursday dismissed Japanese protests over an incident earlier this month in which a helicopter belonging to China’s State Oceanic Administration flew within 230 feet (70 meters) of a Japanese destroyer as it was patrolling near a disputed area.
很明显是出于扩大沟通的考量，中国在国防报告中首次专门列出一个独立章节介绍建立军事互信，强调防务协商，联合训练和边境部队的交流。
白皮书写到：中国将继续推进“有效的国防策略，以维护国家安全和发展，保障地区和平与稳定。”
然而就在中方表示加强军事互信的同时，中国外交部长周４驳斥了日本对本月早些时侯中方飞机抵近日本军舰的抗议，当时日本驱逐舰正在争议海域附近巡逻，这架隶属于中国海监局的直升机接近到不到２３０英尺（７０米）的距离。
Washington has urged increased contacts with the Chinese military, although the People’s Liberation Army has often appeared reluctant. Beijing cut off formal exchanges in anger over a $6.4 billion arms package offered to Taiwan last year, although the defense paper said the two sides are now “maintaining effective dialogues and communications after various ups and downs.”
虽然华盛顿对与中国军队接触的要求越来越强烈，但ＰＬＡ方面在常常表现得并不情愿。在去年美国批准向台湾出售６４亿美元的军事装备后，中国愤怒的中断了双方的正式交流活动。不过现在国防白皮书说，“在经历关系波动后，双方保持了有效的对话和交流手段”。
The 2.3 million-member PLA is the world’s largest standing military and its modernization has been accompanied by gradual steps toward greater engagement with the outside world, including sending more than 17,000 military personnel to take part in United Nations peacekeeping missions.
Yet the PLA’s boosted capabilities and soaring budgets have also alarmed observers concerned with challenges to the U.S. Navy’s predominance in the western Pacific. On the back of booming economic growth, China’s official defense spending rose 12.7 percent this year to about 601 billion yuan ($91.5 billion), the second highest in the world behind the United States.
拥有２３０万军队的中国人民解放军（ＰＬＡ）是世界上最庞大的常备武装力量，在逐步现代化的同时，它不断向外界拓展影响力，包括派遣超过１万７千名士兵参与联合国维和任务。
但ＰＬＡ不断提升的战斗力和快速增长的预算，也使得观察者关注中国是否会对美国西太平洋海军主导地位造成挑战。在飞速发展的经济支撑下，中国官方国防预算今年增长１２。７％，达到６０１０亿ＲＭＢ（９１５亿美元），在世界上仅次于美国居第二位。
In introducing the report, Defense Ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng reasserted Chinese claims that it would never use its military might to bully its neighbors.
“At present and in future, no matter how developed China is, China will never seek hegemony or pursue expansionist policies,” Geng said.
“China’s armed forces adopt a peaceful, cooperative and constructive approach in participating in international military affairs,” he said.
Geng also repeated a vague pledge to hold military contacts and exchanges with Taiwan “at an appropriate time,” in keeping with recent improvements in overall ties between the rivals. China regards Taiwan as a breakaway province and threatens to use force to block any Taiwanese bid for formal independence, backing that up with the deployment of more than 1,000 missiles targeting the island.
在介绍白皮书的过程中，国防部发言人耿雁生重声，中国不会运用军事能力威胁邻国。
“现在和将来，无论中国如何发展，中国永远不会谋求霸权或推行扩张主义”，耿说，“在国际军事事务中，中国军队奉行和平，合作和建设性的参与方式。”
耿雁生同时重复了以往含糊的说法：在保持目前两岸整体关系的发展势头下，大陆将会在适当的时间和台湾进行军事接触和协商。中国把台湾看成一个分离的省份，威胁一旦台湾谋求正式独立将会使用武力，并为此针对这个小岛部署了超过１０００杆的导弹。
Strained relations between the U.S. and Chinese militaries improved slightly when U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates visited China in January. The PLA’s chief of general staff, Chen Bingde, is scheduled to travel to Washington in May.
At the same time, China has made significant gains toward fielding a missile system designed to sink a moving aircraft carrier from nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometers) away, the U.S. military said earlier this year. The “carrier-killer” missile and a new showpiece stealth fighter jet may not be a match for U.S. systems, but they represent rapid advances for China’s homegrown technology and defense manufacturing. Chinese plans to launch up to five aircraft carriers in coming years have also altered strategic thinking in the region.
The defense paper repeated Chinese irritation with U.S. support for Taiwan. U.S. sales of armaments to the island were “severely impeding Sino-U.S. relations and impairing the peaceful development of cross-strait relations,” it said.
在一月美国国防部部长盖茨访问中国后，美中双方紧张的关系稍微有所缓和。中国军队参谋长陈炳德计划在５月访问华盛顿。
与此同时，美国军方今年早些时侯表示，中国在攻击航母方面取得了进展，他发展出一种可以攻击２０００英里（３２００公里）范围内移动中航母的导弹系统。这些被成为“航母杀手”的导弹以及新出现的隐形飞机，也许还不能够和美军类似系统媲美，但它们反映了中国科技和军事制造业的快速发展。中国计划在几年内建造５艘航母，这也对该地区的战略思维造成了冲击。
白皮书重复了对美国支持台湾的愤怒，它写到，美方对台军售“严重的阻碍了中美关系，损害了海峡两岸的和平发展趋势”。
The report also highlighted China’s role in sending military ships to take an anti-piracy role in the Gulf of Aden off lawless Somalia.
The ships work alongside those from NATO nations, Russia and India, and are fighting piracy in the sea corridor between the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean that is one of the world’s busiest sea lanes. Chinese commercial ships have been among those hijacked and held for ransom by the pirates.
白皮书中着重提到了中国派遣了数艘军舰到索马里附近的亚丁外海域打击海盗的行动。
位于红海和印度洋之间的这片海域是世界上最繁忙的商业通道之一，中国多艘商船在这里遭到劫持和勒索赎金。中国军舰现在和北约，俄罗斯、印度一起进行打击海盗的工作。====================================================
本文仅用于外语翻译练习，请勿用于商业目的。
水平有限，难免有错误缺陷，欢迎指正，谢谢。
往期翻译，请参见：http://www.docin.com/zczfr
====================================================
原文地址：
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/chinas-military-under-fire-over-transparency-seeks-to-build-trust-with-neighbors/2011/03/30/AFh06C6B_story.html
China’s military, under fire over transparency, seeks to build trust with neighbors
By Associated Press, Thursday, March 31, 6:29 AM
在缺乏军事透明度的指责声中，中国谋求与周边国家建立信任关系。
美联社，周４，３月３１日
BEIJING — China’s military on Thursday promised to work at building trust with neighboring countries following months of tensions with the U.S. and other nations over Beijing’s increasingly assertive behavior.
北京消息：中国军队周四承诺与周边国家建立互信。数月来，由于北京过于自信的行为，中国与周边及美国的关系越来越紧张。
The pledge was contained in a government policy paper issued every two years and follows complaints from the United States and others that China hasn’t adequately explained the goals of its rapid military expansion in the last three decades.
Alarm bells have sounded over China’s detention of foreign fishermen and harassment of research vessels in the South China Sea, along with warnings to the U.S. to stay out of the Yellow Sea off the northern coast and aggressive maneuvering by Chinese ships and helicopters in waters near Japan.
Stronger assertions of sovereignty claims have also sparked a regional backlash, drawing China’s neighbors closer to rival Washington and posing new challenges to Chinese diplomacy.
北京政府在每两年发布一次的政策白皮书里做出了上述承诺。过去３０年来，美国和其他国家一直抱怨中国对军事力量的快速增长目的没有做出适当解释。
中国在南海扣留外国渔船、骚扰科研船舶、警告美国不得进入其北部的黄海，并且在临近日本的海域好斗的使用直升机和船只。这些行为引发了周边国家的警觉。
由于在主权方面的强硬态度导致地区紧张，促使邻国向敌对的华盛顿靠近，这对中国外交政策构成了新的挑战。
In an apparent recognition of the need for greater communication, the defense report included for the first time a separate section on military confidence building, highlighting defense consultations, joint training missions and exchanges between border units.
China, the report stated, is pursuing such steps as “an effective way to maintain national security and development, and safeguard regional peace and stability.”
Despite the stated aim of greater military trust, China’s Foreign Ministry on Thursday dismissed Japanese protests over an incident earlier this month in which a helicopter belonging to China’s State Oceanic Administration flew within 230 feet (70 meters) of a Japanese destroyer as it was patrolling near a disputed area.
很明显是出于扩大沟通的考量，中国在国防报告中首次专门列出一个独立章节介绍建立军事互信，强调防务协商，联合训练和边境部队的交流。
白皮书写到：中国将继续推进“有效的国防策略，以维护国家安全和发展，保障地区和平与稳定。”
然而就在中方表示加强军事互信的同时，中国外交部长周４驳斥了日本对本月早些时侯中方飞机抵近日本军舰的抗议，当时日本驱逐舰正在争议海域附近巡逻，这架隶属于中国海监局的直升机接近到不到２３０英尺（７０米）的距离。
Washington has urged increased contacts with the Chinese military, although the People’s Liberation Army has often appeared reluctant. Beijing cut off formal exchanges in anger over a $6.4 billion arms package offered to Taiwan last year, although the defense paper said the two sides are now “maintaining effective dialogues and communications after various ups and downs.”
虽然华盛顿对与中国军队接触的要求越来越强烈，但ＰＬＡ方面在常常表现得并不情愿。在去年美国批准向台湾出售６４亿美元的军事装备后，中国愤怒的中断了双方的正式交流活动。不过现在国防白皮书说，“在经历关系波动后，双方保持了有效的对话和交流手段”。
The 2.3 million-member PLA is the world’s largest standing military and its modernization has been accompanied by gradual steps toward greater engagement with the outside world, including sending more than 17,000 military personnel to take part in United Nations peacekeeping missions.
Yet the PLA’s boosted capabilities and soaring budgets have also alarmed observers concerned with challenges to the U.S. Navy’s predominance in the western Pacific. On the back of booming economic growth, China’s official defense spending rose 12.7 percent this year to about 601 billion yuan ($91.5 billion), the second highest in the world behind the United States.
拥有２３０万军队的中国人民解放军（ＰＬＡ）是世界上最庞大的常备武装力量，在逐步现代化的同时，它不断向外界拓展影响力，包括派遣超过１万７千名士兵参与联合国维和任务。
但ＰＬＡ不断提升的战斗力和快速增长的预算，也使得观察者关注中国是否会对美国西太平洋海军主导地位造成挑战。在飞速发展的经济支撑下，中国官方国防预算今年增长１２。７％，达到６０１０亿ＲＭＢ（９１５亿美元），在世界上仅次于美国居第二位。
In introducing the report, Defense Ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng reasserted Chinese claims that it would never use its military might to bully its neighbors.
“At present and in future, no matter how developed China is, China will never seek hegemony or pursue expansionist policies,” Geng said.
“China’s armed forces adopt a peaceful, cooperative and constructive approach in participating in international military affairs,” he said.
Geng also repeated a vague pledge to hold military contacts and exchanges with Taiwan “at an appropriate time,” in keeping with recent improvements in overall ties between the rivals. China regards Taiwan as a breakaway province and threatens to use force to block any Taiwanese bid for formal independence, backing that up with the deployment of more than 1,000 missiles targeting the island.
在介绍白皮书的过程中，国防部发言人耿雁生重声，中国不会运用军事能力威胁邻国。
“现在和将来，无论中国如何发展，中国永远不会谋求霸权或推行扩张主义”，耿说，“在国际军事事务中，中国军队奉行和平，合作和建设性的参与方式。”
耿雁生同时重复了以往含糊的说法：在保持目前两岸整体关系的发展势头下，大陆将会在适当的时间和台湾进行军事接触和协商。中国把台湾看成一个分离的省份，威胁一旦台湾谋求正式独立将会使用武力，并为此针对这个小岛部署了超过１０００杆的导弹。
Strained relations between the U.S. and Chinese militaries improved slightly when U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates visited China in January. The PLA’s chief of general staff, Chen Bingde, is scheduled to travel to Washington in May.
At the same time, China has made significant gains toward fielding a missile system designed to sink a moving aircraft carrier from nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometers) away, the U.S. military said earlier this year. The “carrier-killer” missile and a new showpiece stealth fighter jet may not be a match for U.S. systems, but they represent rapid advances for China’s homegrown technology and defense manufacturing. Chinese plans to launch up to five aircraft carriers in coming years have also altered strategic thinking in the region.
The defense paper repeated Chinese irritation with U.S. support for Taiwan. U.S. sales of armaments to the island were “severely impeding Sino-U.S. relations and impairing the peaceful development of cross-strait relations,” it said.
在一月美国国防部部长盖茨访问中国后，美中双方紧张的关系稍微有所缓和。中国军队参谋长陈炳德计划在５月访问华盛顿。
与此同时，美国军方今年早些时侯表示，中国在攻击航母方面取得了进展，他发展出一种可以攻击２０００英里（３２００公里）范围内移动中航母的导弹系统。这些被成为“航母杀手”的导弹以及新出现的隐形飞机，也许还不能够和美军类似系统媲美，但它们反映了中国科技和军事制造业的快速发展。中国计划在几年内建造５艘航母，这也对该地区的战略思维造成了冲击。
白皮书重复了对美国支持台湾的愤怒，它写到，美方对台军售“严重的阻碍了中美关系，损害了海峡两岸的和平发展趋势”。
The report also highlighted China’s role in sending military ships to take an anti-piracy role in the Gulf of Aden off lawless Somalia.
The ships work alongside those from NATO nations, Russia and India, and are fighting piracy in the sea corridor between the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean that is one of the world’s busiest sea lanes. Chinese commercial ships have been among those hijacked and held for ransom by the pirates.
白皮书中着重提到了中国派遣了数艘军舰到索马里附近的亚丁外海域打击海盗的行动。
位于红海和印度洋之间的这片海域是世界上最繁忙的商业通道之一，中国多艘商船在这里遭到劫持和勒索赎金。中国军舰现在和北约，俄罗斯、印度一起进行打击海盗的工作。
[0403]《华尔街日报》赞比亚可能撤销对中国管理人员枪击矿工事件的起诉
====================================================
本文仅用于外语翻译练习，请勿用于商业目的。
水平有限，难免有错误缺陷，欢迎指正，谢谢。
往期翻译，请参见：http://www.docin.com/zczfr
====================================================
原文地址：
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703712504576238410562674404.html
Zambia May Drop Shooting Case Against Chinese
赞比亚可能撤销对中国管理人员枪击矿工事件的起诉
AFRICA NEWS APRIL 2, 2011, 11:50 A.M. ET
By NICHOLAS BARIYO
非洲，２０１１年４月２日，作者NICHOLAS BARIYO
Zambia's prosecutors want to halt proceedings against two Chinese mine supervisors accused of shooting at least 13 Zambian miners during a wage protest in October, a court official told Dow Jones Newswires Saturday.
一位法庭官员周六对道琼斯新闻专线透漏，赞比亚检察官希望暂停起诉矿山枪击事件中的两名矿山管理人员。在去年１０月，一个赞比亚矿场发生劳资纠纷，两名中国管理人员向至少１３名赞比亚矿工开枪。
Zambia's director of public prosecutions applied in the Livingstone High Court Friday to stay the prosecutions against Xiao Li Shan and Wu Jiu Hua, the former managers at Chinese-owned Collum Coal Mine, due to lack of witnesses.
"The state is no longer interested in the case, but the judge has not yet ruled on the application," the court official said.
The defendants, arrested in October, face 13 counts of attempted murder.
赞比亚公共检察院负责人周五向Livingstone高等法院提出申请，表示由于缺乏目击者，要求撤销对矿山前经理吴玖华和肖利山的指控。
法院官员说，“国家对这个案件不再感兴趣，但法官还没有对此做出裁决。”
这些被告在１０月被捕，面临１３项谋杀指控。
Activists and politicians have been pressuring the government to prosecute the managers, saying the Chinese are acting as if they are above the law.
"These people were allowed to compromise witnesses," said Robert Mwanza, head of Zambia's Citizens Democratic Party.
政治家和活跃分子向当局施压，要求起诉这些管理人员，他们表示中国人的作为就像凌驾于法律之上一样。
赞比亚公民民族党的领导人Robert Mwanza说，“这些人被允许行贿证人。”
The company agreed in November to offer a total of at least 375 million Zambian kwacha ($79,787) as compensation to the shooting victims, in a deal that included the managers be exempted from trial, according to union officials.
Collum management couldn't immediately be reached for comment.
根据工会官员的说法，矿山公司在１１月同意向枪击事件受害人提供最少３７５万赞比亚元（７９７９７美元）的和解金，以换取终止起诉。
但Collum矿的管理层没有立即对此发表评论。
Output from the mine stopped for several days after the shooting. Collum supplies the bulk of its coal to Zambia's vast copper and cobalt mines in the Copperbelt and North Western provinces.
Following the unrest, the Chinese embassy in Zambia as well as the Zambian government asked management to improve working conditions for the miners. Management later announced that it had more than doubled the pay of the lowest-paid miner to 450,000 kwacha ($96) a month. Miners were also granted a housing allowance equivalent to 30% of their basic pay and a 70% transport and meal allowance.
发生枪击后矿山的生产停止了几天。赞比亚Copperbelt省与西北省份拥有丰富的铜矿和钴矿，Collum矿场生产的煤大部分运往这些地方。
发生事件后，中国大使馆和赞比亚政府官员要求提高矿场的的工作条件，随后矿场管理层宣布将矿工的工资增加一倍，达到每月４５万赞比亚元（９６美元）。同时矿工获得相当于基本工资３０％的住房津贴，以及相当于７０％基本工资的交通餐饮补助。
Chinese-owned enterprises have pumped millions of dollars into Zambia's mining sector in search of minerals for resource-hungry China, but union officials say their labor and safety practices are poor.
对资源的渴求，使得中国企业向赞比亚投下数百万美元寻找矿产，但工会表示这些矿场工人的工作条件和安全措施恶劣。
====================================================
本文仅用于外语翻译练习，请勿用于商业目的。
水平有限，难免有错误缺陷，欢迎指正，谢谢。
往期翻译，请参见：http://www.docin.com/zczfr
====================================================
原文地址：
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703712504576238410562674404.html
Zambia May Drop Shooting Case Against Chinese
赞比亚可能撤销对中国管理人员枪击矿工事件的起诉
AFRICA NEWS APRIL 2, 2011, 11:50 A.M. ET
By NICHOLAS BARIYO
非洲，２０１１年４月２日，作者NICHOLAS BARIYO
Zambia's prosecutors want to halt proceedings against two Chinese mine supervisors accused of shooting at least 13 Zambian miners during a wage protest in October, a court official told Dow Jones Newswires Saturday.
一位法庭官员周六对道琼斯新闻专线透漏，赞比亚检察官希望暂停起诉矿山枪击事件中的两名矿山管理人员。在去年１０月，一个赞比亚矿场发生劳资纠纷，两名中国管理人员向至少１３名赞比亚矿工开枪。
Zambia's director of public prosecutions applied in the Livingstone High Court Friday to stay the prosecutions against Xiao Li Shan and Wu Jiu Hua, the former managers at Chinese-owned Collum Coal Mine, due to lack of witnesses.
"The state is no longer interested in the case, but the judge has not yet ruled on the application," the court official said.
The defendants, arrested in October, face 13 counts of attempted murder.
赞比亚公共检察院负责人周五向Livingstone高等法院提出申请，表示由于缺乏目击者，要求撤销对矿山前经理吴玖华和肖利山的指控。
法院官员说，“国家对这个案件不再感兴趣，但法官还没有对此做出裁决。”
这些被告在１０月被捕，面临１３项谋杀指控。
Activists and politicians have been pressuring the government to prosecute the managers, saying the Chinese are acting as if they are above the law.
"These people were allowed to compromise witnesses," said Robert Mwanza, head of Zambia's Citizens Democratic Party.
政治家和活跃分子向当局施压，要求起诉这些管理人员，他们表示中国人的作为就像凌驾于法律之上一样。
赞比亚公民民族党的领导人Robert Mwanza说，“这些人被允许行贿证人。”
The company agreed in November to offer a total of at least 375 million Zambian kwacha ($79,787) as compensation to the shooting victims, in a deal that included the managers be exempted from trial, according to union officials.
Collum management couldn't immediately be reached for comment.
根据工会官员的说法，矿山公司在１１月同意向枪击事件受害人提供最少３７５万赞比亚元（７９７９７美元）的和解金，以换取终止起诉。
但Collum矿的管理层没有立即对此发表评论。
Output from the mine stopped for several days after the shooting. Collum supplies the bulk of its coal to Zambia's vast copper and cobalt mines in the Copperbelt and North Western provinces.
Following the unrest, the Chinese embassy in Zambia as well as the Zambian government asked management to improve working conditions for the miners. Management later announced that it had more than doubled the pay of the lowest-paid miner to 450,000 kwacha ($96) a month. Miners were also granted a housing allowance equivalent to 30% of their basic pay and a 70% transport and meal allowance.
发生枪击后矿山的生产停止了几天。赞比亚Copperbelt省与西北省份拥有丰富的铜矿和钴矿，Collum矿场生产的煤大部分运往这些地方。
发生事件后，中国大使馆和赞比亚政府官员要求提高矿场的的工作条件，随后矿场管理层宣布将矿工的工资增加一倍，达到每月４５万赞比亚元（９６美元）。同时矿工获得相当于基本工资３０％的住房津贴，以及相当于７０％基本工资的交通餐饮补助。
Chinese-owned enterprises have pumped millions of dollars into Zambia's mining sector in search of minerals for resource-hungry China, but union officials say their labor and safety practices are poor.
对资源的渴求，使得中国企业向赞比亚投下数百万美元寻找矿产，但工会表示这些矿场工人的工作条件和安全措施恶劣。
“军事透明度”，很好的词。都透明了，岂不是连CIA都省了？
不需要建立互信
猎手和猎物需要保持什么透明度？