尼泊尔共产党（毛主义）首席和谈代表马海拉（ Mahara） ...

<p>尼泊尔共产党（毛主义）首席和谈代表马海拉（ Mahara）接受采访</p><p>Q: How long has it been since you were here last?<br/>问：从你上次到这里（加德满都）过了多久了？<br/>Krishna Bahadur Mahara: It's been about two and a half years.<br/>马海拉：大约两年半了。</p><p>Q: Didn't you come to the capital after the second round of talks? <br/>问：第二次和谈后你没有来国首都吗？<br/>Mahara: We held talks in Hapure after the talks in Kathmandu. The talks ended immediately in Hapure. Since the Doramba incident, we have not appeared in public.<br/>马海拉：加德满都和谈之后，我们在Hapure继续谈判。谈判很快在Hapure结束了。自从 Doramba 事件后，我们就没有公开露面。</p><p>Q: The main reason why you are in the capital this time is to find a solution to the problems?<br/>问：你这次来加德满都的主要原因是为了解决当前问题吗？<br/>Mahara: It's obvious. Not only this time but every time we have come for talks, it has been to give new directions to the people, to make a new Nepal and for bigger social transformation. We have this belief that the above objectives can be reached through talks. We have always believed that there can be peaceful solutions too. A lot has changed in the political scene this time. So, we are here because we seriously believe that we can go for the constituent assembly.<br/>马海拉：显然是的。不仅这次，每次我们来和谈都是因为发生了更大的社会变革而给人民以创建新尼泊尔的新指示。</p><p>Q: The newly formed government - and the reinstated House of Representatives (HoR) – has made some fresh announcements in favour of the people. Has that helped?<br/>问：新组建的政府和被恢复的议会已经公布了一些有利于人民的宣言。难道不是吗？<br/>Mahara: It has eased things. In contrast the present government is slightly different from earlier governments. Nevertheless the scenario cannot be considered to be fully acceptable as yet. There still remains a lot to be sorted out.<br/>马海拉：问题不那么简单。相对来讲，当前政府是和早先的政府有点不同。然而形势仍并不令人很满意，还有许多遗留问题需要解决。</p><p>Q: Your party has critically welcomed the House Proclamation. It's said Maoists were consulted before making the announcement…<br/>问：你们党有条件地接受了议会决议。据说，在决议公布前，毛派参与了讨论。<br/>Mahara: Our formal reaction to the Proclamation has already been made public. We have welcomed religious secularism and the stripping of many of the king's powers. This is politically a very positive move. But the leaders of many political parties have said that it has made the house fully sovereign. But people are yet to be made sovereign. Therefore this Proclamation is incomplete. Comparatively, this has been a step forward. We, however, wait to see the practical implementation of the announcement. The verdict of the people's revolution is constituent assembly. The basis of the movement is the 12-point understanding between the parties and CPN (Maoist). Constituent assembly is the heart of the revolution. The ultimate aim of the revolution is republicanism.<br/>马海拉：我们对于决议的正式表态已经公布。我们同意虔诚的世俗主义和剥夺王权。这在政治上是积极的一步。但是许多政党的领导人说他们已经使议会享有充分权力。可人民还是无权。因此这个决议是不完整的。相对来讲，它是前进了一步。然而我们想看到决议的实际执行情况。人民革命的目标应是制宪会议。运动的基础是议会党派与尼泊尔共产党（毛主义）签定的12点协议。制宪会议是革命的核心。革命的最终目标是建立共和国。<br/>We are not involved in the Proclamation. So we are apprehensive as to whether the parliamentary political parties will only work to improve and institutionalise the house and legitimise it rather than moving ahead in the direction of a constituent assembly. At least the government should have come to some agreement with our party prior to the Proclamation. It is either weakness or a conspiracy that the government failed to involve us. <br/>我们并没有参与决议讨论。因此我们理解为什么议会政党只是改善并使议会合法化而不是朝着制宪会议的方向前进。至少政府在公布决议之前应和我党达成一些共识。政府不与我们沟通是软弱无能或阴谋的表现。</p><p>Q: The positive moves by the government have created a wave of support in favour of the government and the parties. You have been positive too. But don't you wonder why this is being done before the talks with the Maoists?<br/>问：政府的积极表现已经为政府和议会党派赢得了广泛支持，你们也是支持的。而你们不想知道为什么和谈前会公布这项决议吗？<br/>Mahara: Yes in some regards we are thinking that. Parliamentary parties have been fighting in the streets for about one and a half years now. Although they were trying to make the movement effective they were not able to. Everybody has seen the face of the movement before and after the 12-point understanding. Since the 12-point understanding was central in taking the movement to the people, our role and participation has been clearly understood in the political circle. We and the people know this. We have had a major role in the movement and we share a major contribution. So if the leaders fail here the people will assess the parties' weakness. If they don’t consult with our party and think that they can do everything on their own, solutions will be difficult to find. It will push us deeper into the maze of problems. If that is the case, we will step forward and lead the people's will and verdict.<br/>马海拉：是的，我们正在考虑这些事。议会党派已在街上斗争了约一年半了。尽管他们一直努力想使运动产生效果，可他们做不到。所有人都看到了12点协议签定后运动发生的变化。既然12点协议是人民运动的核心，那么我们在政治运动中的参与和起的作用就显而易见了。我们党和人民懂得这一点。我们党在运动中发挥了主要作用，做出了主要贡献。那么如果议会党领导人不了解这一点，人民会认识到他们的弱点。如果他们不和我们商量而认为他们自己能处理一切，那么问题会很难解决。那会把我们推向问题的实质。如果情况是那样，我们将前进并领导人民运动。</p><p>Q: Does this mean returning to the armed insurgency?<br/>问：那是否意味着恢复武装起义？<br/>马海拉：要知道，我们在发动革命前是进行和平斗争的。我们也参与过议会政治。我们的40点要求是通过和平方式提出的。<br/>Mahara: What no one should be mistaken about is that we were taking a peaceful way before our revolution started. We practised parliamentary politics too. When we presented the 40-point demand, we took up peaceful means. We did not choose to start a war; we were compelled to. We came to talks twice and maintained sincerity there too.<br/>我们当初并没有选择战争，我们是被迫那样做的。我们曾两次真诚地与政府和谈。<br/>Our main agenda was always a constituent assembly. So it was not that we spoiled the talks and returned. Secondly, this time too we have come with sincerity and a sense of responsibility. Our peaceful aspirations have always been there in the past and present and they will be there in the future too. But if any force tries to conspire and work against the people's will, we might be compelled to take that way despite our unwillingness. We hope that will not happen.<br/>我们主要目标仍是制宪会议。我们不是破坏了和谈而又回来再谈。这次我们仍是以真诚和负责的态度来谈判的。我们对和平的渴望在过去、现在始终未变，将来也不会。但是如果有人试图搞阴谋反对人民的意愿，那么我们将被迫做我们不愿做的事。我们不希望那样。</p><p>Q: The present House, reinstated by the pressure of the movement, is a different House and has declared itself all-powerful and sovereign. When you raise unnecessary doubts it may fail to work as per the people's aspirations?<br/>当前的议会是由于人民的压力而恢复的，与从前不同，它全部自己拥有全部政权。如果你们表示怀疑，那不是违背人民的意志吗？<br/>Mahara: No, it's not like that. Where is our place in the present House of Representatives? We are the political force who is not represented in the present House. Not only us, there are several other political forces who are outside the present House. There are only the representatives of the seven parties. And it's false that the mass movement was launched only by the seven parties. There are parliamentarians (in the present House) elected seven or eight years ago. People have advanced in this period. The House does not represent the people's mandate as expressed during the movement. The base of the House is the Constitution of 1990, which we say is a regressive constitution. We are against the 1990 Constitution. Talking truthfully, there are representatives (in the House) who were against the mass movement. <br/>马海拉：不，不应这样认识。我们在当前议会中的代表在哪呢？我们是不代表议会的政治力量。不只是我们，还有其他一些政治力量没有参加议会。议会中只有七党联盟的代表。以为群众运动仅仅是由七党联盟发动的是不对的。在当前的议会中有7、8年前选出的议员，而人民在这期间已经前进了。议会不能满足人民在运动中提出的要求。当前议会的基础仍是1990年宪法，因此我们称之为回归的议会。我们反对1990年宪法。坦白地说，议会中的代表是反对人民运动的。</p><p>Q: So which mechanism can be formed to include the Maoists?<br/>那么应建立一个什么样的包括毛派的机构呢？<br/>Mahara: The central committee meeting of our party has put forth a 10-point roadmap. A broad political conference should be organized comprising all the political forces including the representation of all the levels of the seven parties, the Maoists and civil society. We have been stressing for a roundtable conference for the last few years. That conference will be more powerful than the present House and will work as an interim constitution. The all-powerful interim government formed afterwards will hold the constituent assembly elections.<br/>马海拉：我们党中央委员会会议已经提出了10点路线纲领。召开一个有七党联盟各级代表，毛派和公民社会所有政治力量参加的广泛的政治会议。在过去的几年中我们一直在强调召开圆桌会议。那样根据一部临时宪法召开的会议会比当前的议会更有力量。随后，由全权的临时政府进行制宪会议选举。</p><p></p><p>尼泊尔共产党（毛主义）首席和谈代表马海拉（ Mahara）接受采访</p><p>Q: How long has it been since you were here last?<br/>问：从你上次到这里（加德满都）过了多久了？<br/>Krishna Bahadur Mahara: It's been about two and a half years.<br/>马海拉：大约两年半了。</p><p>Q: Didn't you come to the capital after the second round of talks? <br/>问：第二次和谈后你没有来国首都吗？<br/>Mahara: We held talks in Hapure after the talks in Kathmandu. The talks ended immediately in Hapure. Since the Doramba incident, we have not appeared in public.<br/>马海拉：加德满都和谈之后，我们在Hapure继续谈判。谈判很快在Hapure结束了。自从 Doramba 事件后，我们就没有公开露面。</p><p>Q: The main reason why you are in the capital this time is to find a solution to the problems?<br/>问：你这次来加德满都的主要原因是为了解决当前问题吗？<br/>Mahara: It's obvious. Not only this time but every time we have come for talks, it has been to give new directions to the people, to make a new Nepal and for bigger social transformation. We have this belief that the above objectives can be reached through talks. We have always believed that there can be peaceful solutions too. A lot has changed in the political scene this time. So, we are here because we seriously believe that we can go for the constituent assembly.<br/>马海拉：显然是的。不仅这次，每次我们来和谈都是因为发生了更大的社会变革而给人民以创建新尼泊尔的新指示。</p><p>Q: The newly formed government - and the reinstated House of Representatives (HoR) – has made some fresh announcements in favour of the people. Has that helped?<br/>问：新组建的政府和被恢复的议会已经公布了一些有利于人民的宣言。难道不是吗？<br/>Mahara: It has eased things. In contrast the present government is slightly different from earlier governments. Nevertheless the scenario cannot be considered to be fully acceptable as yet. There still remains a lot to be sorted out.<br/>马海拉：问题不那么简单。相对来讲，当前政府是和早先的政府有点不同。然而形势仍并不令人很满意，还有许多遗留问题需要解决。</p><p>Q: Your party has critically welcomed the House Proclamation. It's said Maoists were consulted before making the announcement…<br/>问：你们党有条件地接受了议会决议。据说，在决议公布前，毛派参与了讨论。<br/>Mahara: Our formal reaction to the Proclamation has already been made public. We have welcomed religious secularism and the stripping of many of the king's powers. This is politically a very positive move. But the leaders of many political parties have said that it has made the house fully sovereign. But people are yet to be made sovereign. Therefore this Proclamation is incomplete. Comparatively, this has been a step forward. We, however, wait to see the practical implementation of the announcement. The verdict of the people's revolution is constituent assembly. The basis of the movement is the 12-point understanding between the parties and CPN (Maoist). Constituent assembly is the heart of the revolution. The ultimate aim of the revolution is republicanism.<br/>马海拉：我们对于决议的正式表态已经公布。我们同意虔诚的世俗主义和剥夺王权。这在政治上是积极的一步。但是许多政党的领导人说他们已经使议会享有充分权力。可人民还是无权。因此这个决议是不完整的。相对来讲，它是前进了一步。然而我们想看到决议的实际执行情况。人民革命的目标应是制宪会议。运动的基础是议会党派与尼泊尔共产党（毛主义）签定的12点协议。制宪会议是革命的核心。革命的最终目标是建立共和国。<br/>We are not involved in the Proclamation. So we are apprehensive as to whether the parliamentary political parties will only work to improve and institutionalise the house and legitimise it rather than moving ahead in the direction of a constituent assembly. At least the government should have come to some agreement with our party prior to the Proclamation. It is either weakness or a conspiracy that the government failed to involve us. <br/>我们并没有参与决议讨论。因此我们理解为什么议会政党只是改善并使议会合法化而不是朝着制宪会议的方向前进。至少政府在公布决议之前应和我党达成一些共识。政府不与我们沟通是软弱无能或阴谋的表现。</p><p>Q: The positive moves by the government have created a wave of support in favour of the government and the parties. You have been positive too. But don't you wonder why this is being done before the talks with the Maoists?<br/>问：政府的积极表现已经为政府和议会党派赢得了广泛支持，你们也是支持的。而你们不想知道为什么和谈前会公布这项决议吗？<br/>Mahara: Yes in some regards we are thinking that. Parliamentary parties have been fighting in the streets for about one and a half years now. Although they were trying to make the movement effective they were not able to. Everybody has seen the face of the movement before and after the 12-point understanding. Since the 12-point understanding was central in taking the movement to the people, our role and participation has been clearly understood in the political circle. We and the people know this. We have had a major role in the movement and we share a major contribution. So if the leaders fail here the people will assess the parties' weakness. If they don’t consult with our party and think that they can do everything on their own, solutions will be difficult to find. It will push us deeper into the maze of problems. If that is the case, we will step forward and lead the people's will and verdict.<br/>马海拉：是的，我们正在考虑这些事。议会党派已在街上斗争了约一年半了。尽管他们一直努力想使运动产生效果，可他们做不到。所有人都看到了12点协议签定后运动发生的变化。既然12点协议是人民运动的核心，那么我们在政治运动中的参与和起的作用就显而易见了。我们党和人民懂得这一点。我们党在运动中发挥了主要作用，做出了主要贡献。那么如果议会党领导人不了解这一点，人民会认识到他们的弱点。如果他们不和我们商量而认为他们自己能处理一切，那么问题会很难解决。那会把我们推向问题的实质。如果情况是那样，我们将前进并领导人民运动。</p><p>Q: Does this mean returning to the armed insurgency?<br/>问：那是否意味着恢复武装起义？<br/>马海拉：要知道，我们在发动革命前是进行和平斗争的。我们也参与过议会政治。我们的40点要求是通过和平方式提出的。<br/>Mahara: What no one should be mistaken about is that we were taking a peaceful way before our revolution started. We practised parliamentary politics too. When we presented the 40-point demand, we took up peaceful means. We did not choose to start a war; we were compelled to. We came to talks twice and maintained sincerity there too.<br/>我们当初并没有选择战争，我们是被迫那样做的。我们曾两次真诚地与政府和谈。<br/>Our main agenda was always a constituent assembly. So it was not that we spoiled the talks and returned. Secondly, this time too we have come with sincerity and a sense of responsibility. Our peaceful aspirations have always been there in the past and present and they will be there in the future too. But if any force tries to conspire and work against the people's will, we might be compelled to take that way despite our unwillingness. We hope that will not happen.<br/>我们主要目标仍是制宪会议。我们不是破坏了和谈而又回来再谈。这次我们仍是以真诚和负责的态度来谈判的。我们对和平的渴望在过去、现在始终未变，将来也不会。但是如果有人试图搞阴谋反对人民的意愿，那么我们将被迫做我们不愿做的事。我们不希望那样。</p><p>Q: The present House, reinstated by the pressure of the movement, is a different House and has declared itself all-powerful and sovereign. When you raise unnecessary doubts it may fail to work as per the people's aspirations?<br/>当前的议会是由于人民的压力而恢复的，与从前不同，它全部自己拥有全部政权。如果你们表示怀疑，那不是违背人民的意志吗？<br/>Mahara: No, it's not like that. Where is our place in the present House of Representatives? We are the political force who is not represented in the present House. Not only us, there are several other political forces who are outside the present House. There are only the representatives of the seven parties. And it's false that the mass movement was launched only by the seven parties. There are parliamentarians (in the present House) elected seven or eight years ago. People have advanced in this period. The House does not represent the people's mandate as expressed during the movement. The base of the House is the Constitution of 1990, which we say is a regressive constitution. We are against the 1990 Constitution. Talking truthfully, there are representatives (in the House) who were against the mass movement. <br/>马海拉：不，不应这样认识。我们在当前议会中的代表在哪呢？我们是不代表议会的政治力量。不只是我们，还有其他一些政治力量没有参加议会。议会中只有七党联盟的代表。以为群众运动仅仅是由七党联盟发动的是不对的。在当前的议会中有7、8年前选出的议员，而人民在这期间已经前进了。议会不能满足人民在运动中提出的要求。当前议会的基础仍是1990年宪法，因此我们称之为回归的议会。我们反对1990年宪法。坦白地说，议会中的代表是反对人民运动的。</p><p>Q: So which mechanism can be formed to include the Maoists?<br/>那么应建立一个什么样的包括毛派的机构呢？<br/>Mahara: The central committee meeting of our party has put forth a 10-point roadmap. A broad political conference should be organized comprising all the political forces including the representation of all the levels of the seven parties, the Maoists and civil society. We have been stressing for a roundtable conference for the last few years. That conference will be more powerful than the present House and will work as an interim constitution. The all-powerful interim government formed afterwards will hold the constituent assembly elections.<br/>马海拉：我们党中央委员会会议已经提出了10点路线纲领。召开一个有七党联盟各级代表，毛派和公民社会所有政治力量参加的广泛的政治会议。在过去的几年中我们一直在强调召开圆桌会议。那样根据一部临时宪法召开的会议会比当前的议会更有力量。随后，由全权的临时政府进行制宪会议选举。</p><p></p>