BBC新闻：Type 45驱逐舰-英国10亿镑战舰面临引擎整修

核心提示：

Type 45驱逐舰的全电力推进系统在服役期间故障频仍，情况在同型舰里都有发生。虽然看起来还不立刻导致这些战舰趴窝而完全不能值勤，然而
经常出状况的电力/推进系统却危及了这型军舰在值勤与可能实战下的生存性。文中没有明确指出全电推进系统的主要问题出自特定部位，多次提到
柴油发电机故障，但革命性的WR21燃气涡轮或整个全电力系统架构其他节点都可能是发生问题的点。处理不够可靠的全电推进系统成为当务之急，
因为皇家海军的舰队兵力已经很吃紧。维护状况频出的全电系统增加了皇家海军的开支，而到了2019年Type 45开始陆续面临中期大修时，可能
会牵涉到更换柴油发电机的大工程。

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本人2012年4月4日在朴次茅兹出海口拍摄Type 45驱逐舰不屈号（HMS Dauntless D33）出海开始六个月的大西洋方面长期部署。

后来得知，不屈号在这趟部署中发生多次电力故障。

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新闻连结：

http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35432341

Type 45 destroyers: UK's ￡1bn warships face engine refit：

The Royal Navy's most modern warships are to be fitted with new engines because they keep breaking down.


In an email seen by the BBC, a serving Royal Navy officer wrote that "total electric failures are common" on its fleet of six ￡1bn Type 45 destroyers.

BBC公开一封皇家海军军官投书的信：每艘价值10亿英镑的Type 45导弹驱逐舰，「全电力推进系统故障频仍」

The Ministry of Defence said there were reliability issues with the propulsion system and work to fix it would be done to ensure "ships remain available".

英国防卫大臣表示，这些战舰的推进系统存在可靠性问题，会对其进行修正工作，使这些船舰能正常值勤。

One Royal Navy officer said the cost could reach tens of millions of pounds.

一位皇家海军军官表示，这些工作（修正推进系统）可能耗费上千万英镑

In a statement, the MoD told the BBC that to "address some reliability issues" it was considering options to "upgrade the ships' diesel generators to add greater resilience to the power and the propulsion system".

英国国防部对BBC透露，关于可靠度问题，可能的选项包括升级舰上的柴油发电机，使整个全电推进系统更可靠

That will involve significant work, though the Royal Navy insists that the six destroyers will still be deployed all over the world.

这些牵涉到可观的改进工作。不过皇家海军坚持，这六艘Type 45驱逐舰目前仍然可以正常进行全球部署

'Major weak link'

But from 2019 each will begin to undergo a major refit that will probably involve cutting a large hole to insert at least one new generator into the ship.

然而，到2019年Type 45驱逐舰队要陆续面临寿命中期大修时，可能会船舰增加至少一具新发电机，为此要在舰体开个大洞，工作量可观。

The work will be staggered to ensure the Navy still has ships to send on operations.

这些工程的排程会确保皇家海军仍然有足够的Type 45驱逐舰能派遣值勤。

The MoD would not give any details on cost.

目前国防部没有提供改善工程的细节花费资料

Admiral Lord West, a former First Sea Lord, said the development was "very worrying" and the MoD must have known "three or four years ago" that the destroyers had problems.
The ex-Labour security minister said any delay in rectifying the problem would leave the Navy's surface fleet badly stretched, as the Navy can already "only just do some of the tasks we should be doing around the world".
"What I would hope is there is already in place a 'get well' programme and we must move very quickly to rectify these problems," he said.
Grey line

前第一海相罗德.维斯特上将（Adm. Lord West）表示情况的发展「非常让人担心」，国防部显然早在三到四年前就已经知道这些驱逐舰有问题。
前工党防卫秘书表示，任何对于修复工作的延迟，都会使皇家海军现役水面舰队吃紧情况更加严重，皇家海军已经缩减了过去向来执行的全球勤务。
「我希望相关当局已经准备好一些维护（get well）计画，而且必须非常快速地执行来解决问题」

'The lights went out'
HMS DauntlessImage copyrightPA
I experienced one of the many power outages on board HMS Dauntless, off the coast of Senegal, in 2012.

Type 45驱逐舰不屈号的人员：「在2012年的部署勤务，在赛内加尔外海经历过许多断电情况」

Suddenly all the lights on the ship went out. It was quickly fixed but it appears to be a problem that has plagued the entire fleet.

突然之间，舰上的灯光都熄灭了。虽然断电情况可以快速恢复，但这类情况在整个Type 45舰队里越来越常见。

In 2014 Dauntless had to abandon a training exercise and, in 2009, HMS Daring lost power in the Atlantic on her first voyage to the US. She suffered more propulsion problems off Kuwait in 2012.

在2014年，不屈号曾因为电力状况而被迫放弃演习勤务。在2009年，Type 45的勇敢号（HMS Daring D32）在前往美国的航程中于大西洋上发生断电；而勇敢号在2012年中东部署勤务中，在科威特遭遇过多次推进系统故障。

Initially the MoD dismissed these electrical failures as "teething problems".

一开始，国防部对这类电力故障的消息一律用「新舰磨合」之类的回应打发掉。

But it has now admitted that there is a bigger problem - one that could be disastrous for a ship and her crew in combat.

然而到现在情况以经日益明显，这是个大问题，在战场上会折损整条战舰跟人员

Nick Childs, of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, said: "It's an unfortunate extra cost the Royal Navy will have to swallow to sort out an unreliable propulsion system - the major weak link in an otherwise world-beating system.

国际战略研究机构的研究员Nick Childs表示：「很不幸地，对于这些不可靠的推进系统，皇家海军必须吞下这些额外的维护成本」

"They're essentially going to have to squeeze in an extra generator to improve reliability."

「基本上，他们准备挤进一部额外发电机来改善可靠性」

The warning signs were there in 2009 when the Commons Defence Committee published its report on the Type 45.

在2009年，下议院国防委员会（the Commons Defence Committee）公开关于Type 45的报告，首次露出警讯

MPs noted "persistent over-optimism and underestimation of the technical challenges, combined with inappropriate commercial arrangements" leading to rising costs.

当时国会议员表示：「过于乐观的态度加上低估技术挑战性，加上不当的商业规划，增加了此型船舰运作的成本。」

Each destroyer ended up costing about ￡1bn. The Royal Navy wanted 12 ships but ended up with half that number.

每艘Type 45驱逐舰的成本最后超过10亿英镑，皇家海军最初希望建造12艘，最后落得只建造半数的下场。

The Type 45 has an integrated electric propulsion system that powers everything on board.

Type 44拥有集成电力推进系统，为舰上所有装备与推进提供动力。


The problem won't be solved quickly and it is likely to put a strain on the Royal Navy, which has already shrunk considerably in size.

「这些问题很难轻易地被解决，而这很可能会对于舰队规模以经显著缩水的皇家海军，无疑会造成更多压力」

It is now down to a surface fleet of 19 frigates and destroyers.

现在皇家海军只剩19艘驱逐舰/护卫舰现役

A spokesman for Rolls-Royce, which makes the WR-21 marine gas turbine used on the warships, said the company continued to work with the MoD on upgrading the performance of the propulsion system.

为Type 45提供WR21燃气涡轮的Rolls-Royce的发言人表示，该公司持续努力与皇家海军合作，改善这些驱逐舰的服勤表现。

BAE Systems, the company which builds the warships, said in a statement that the destroyers were "among the world's most capable air defence destroyer".

建造Type 45驱逐舰的BAE System表示，这些驱逐舰是全世界上能力最强大的防空驱逐舰。

It said it was working with the MoD "to deliver improvements to the power generation capability of the Type 45 destroyers".

BAE与国防部继续合作，继续完善Type 45驱逐舰的整合电力推进系统

核心提示：

Type 45驱逐舰的全电力推进系统在服役期间故障频仍，情况在同型舰里都有发生。虽然看起来还不立刻导致这些战舰趴窝而完全不能值勤，然而
经常出状况的电力/推进系统却危及了这型军舰在值勤与可能实战下的生存性。文中没有明确指出全电推进系统的主要问题出自特定部位，多次提到
柴油发电机故障，但革命性的WR21燃气涡轮或整个全电力系统架构其他节点都可能是发生问题的点。处理不够可靠的全电推进系统成为当务之急，
因为皇家海军的舰队兵力已经很吃紧。维护状况频出的全电系统增加了皇家海军的开支，而到了2019年Type 45开始陆续面临中期大修时，可能
会牵涉到更换柴油发电机的大工程。

232132c3f8e8rcvrygghy8.jpg (450.51 KB, 下载次数: 111)

下载附件 保存到相册

2016-1-29 17:59 上传

本人2012年4月4日在朴次茅兹出海口拍摄Type 45驱逐舰不屈号（HMS Dauntless D33）出海开始六个月的大西洋方面长期部署。

后来得知，不屈号在这趟部署中发生多次电力故障。

232138pcii6cq8hbzoxiox.jpg (357.02 KB, 下载次数: 108)

下载附件 保存到相册

2016-1-29 17:59 上传

新闻连结：

http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35432341

Type 45 destroyers: UK's ￡1bn warships face engine refit：

The Royal Navy's most modern warships are to be fitted with new engines because they keep breaking down.


In an email seen by the BBC, a serving Royal Navy officer wrote that "total electric failures are common" on its fleet of six ￡1bn Type 45 destroyers.

BBC公开一封皇家海军军官投书的信：每艘价值10亿英镑的Type 45导弹驱逐舰，「全电力推进系统故障频仍」

The Ministry of Defence said there were reliability issues with the propulsion system and work to fix it would be done to ensure "ships remain available".

英国防卫大臣表示，这些战舰的推进系统存在可靠性问题，会对其进行修正工作，使这些船舰能正常值勤。

One Royal Navy officer said the cost could reach tens of millions of pounds.

一位皇家海军军官表示，这些工作（修正推进系统）可能耗费上千万英镑

In a statement, the MoD told the BBC that to "address some reliability issues" it was considering options to "upgrade the ships' diesel generators to add greater resilience to the power and the propulsion system".

英国国防部对BBC透露，关于可靠度问题，可能的选项包括升级舰上的柴油发电机，使整个全电推进系统更可靠

That will involve significant work, though the Royal Navy insists that the six destroyers will still be deployed all over the world.

这些牵涉到可观的改进工作。不过皇家海军坚持，这六艘Type 45驱逐舰目前仍然可以正常进行全球部署

'Major weak link'

But from 2019 each will begin to undergo a major refit that will probably involve cutting a large hole to insert at least one new generator into the ship.

然而，到2019年Type 45驱逐舰队要陆续面临寿命中期大修时，可能会船舰增加至少一具新发电机，为此要在舰体开个大洞，工作量可观。

The work will be staggered to ensure the Navy still has ships to send on operations.

这些工程的排程会确保皇家海军仍然有足够的Type 45驱逐舰能派遣值勤。

The MoD would not give any details on cost.

目前国防部没有提供改善工程的细节花费资料

Admiral Lord West, a former First Sea Lord, said the development was "very worrying" and the MoD must have known "three or four years ago" that the destroyers had problems.
The ex-Labour security minister said any delay in rectifying the problem would leave the Navy's surface fleet badly stretched, as the Navy can already "only just do some of the tasks we should be doing around the world".
"What I would hope is there is already in place a 'get well' programme and we must move very quickly to rectify these problems," he said.
Grey line

前第一海相罗德.维斯特上将（Adm. Lord West）表示情况的发展「非常让人担心」，国防部显然早在三到四年前就已经知道这些驱逐舰有问题。
前工党防卫秘书表示，任何对于修复工作的延迟，都会使皇家海军现役水面舰队吃紧情况更加严重，皇家海军已经缩减了过去向来执行的全球勤务。
「我希望相关当局已经准备好一些维护（get well）计画，而且必须非常快速地执行来解决问题」

'The lights went out'
HMS DauntlessImage copyrightPA
I experienced one of the many power outages on board HMS Dauntless, off the coast of Senegal, in 2012.

Type 45驱逐舰不屈号的人员：「在2012年的部署勤务，在赛内加尔外海经历过许多断电情况」

Suddenly all the lights on the ship went out. It was quickly fixed but it appears to be a problem that has plagued the entire fleet.

突然之间，舰上的灯光都熄灭了。虽然断电情况可以快速恢复，但这类情况在整个Type 45舰队里越来越常见。

In 2014 Dauntless had to abandon a training exercise and, in 2009, HMS Daring lost power in the Atlantic on her first voyage to the US. She suffered more propulsion problems off Kuwait in 2012.

在2014年，不屈号曾因为电力状况而被迫放弃演习勤务。在2009年，Type 45的勇敢号（HMS Daring D32）在前往美国的航程中于大西洋上发生断电；而勇敢号在2012年中东部署勤务中，在科威特遭遇过多次推进系统故障。

Initially the MoD dismissed these electrical failures as "teething problems".

一开始，国防部对这类电力故障的消息一律用「新舰磨合」之类的回应打发掉。

But it has now admitted that there is a bigger problem - one that could be disastrous for a ship and her crew in combat.

然而到现在情况以经日益明显，这是个大问题，在战场上会折损整条战舰跟人员

Nick Childs, of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, said: "It's an unfortunate extra cost the Royal Navy will have to swallow to sort out an unreliable propulsion system - the major weak link in an otherwise world-beating system.

国际战略研究机构的研究员Nick Childs表示：「很不幸地，对于这些不可靠的推进系统，皇家海军必须吞下这些额外的维护成本」

"They're essentially going to have to squeeze in an extra generator to improve reliability."

「基本上，他们准备挤进一部额外发电机来改善可靠性」

The warning signs were there in 2009 when the Commons Defence Committee published its report on the Type 45.

在2009年，下议院国防委员会（the Commons Defence Committee）公开关于Type 45的报告，首次露出警讯

MPs noted "persistent over-optimism and underestimation of the technical challenges, combined with inappropriate commercial arrangements" leading to rising costs.

当时国会议员表示：「过于乐观的态度加上低估技术挑战性，加上不当的商业规划，增加了此型船舰运作的成本。」

Each destroyer ended up costing about ￡1bn. The Royal Navy wanted 12 ships but ended up with half that number.

每艘Type 45驱逐舰的成本最后超过10亿英镑，皇家海军最初希望建造12艘，最后落得只建造半数的下场。

The Type 45 has an integrated electric propulsion system that powers everything on board.

Type 44拥有集成电力推进系统，为舰上所有装备与推进提供动力。


The problem won't be solved quickly and it is likely to put a strain on the Royal Navy, which has already shrunk considerably in size.

「这些问题很难轻易地被解决，而这很可能会对于舰队规模以经显著缩水的皇家海军，无疑会造成更多压力」

It is now down to a surface fleet of 19 frigates and destroyers.

现在皇家海军只剩19艘驱逐舰/护卫舰现役

A spokesman for Rolls-Royce, which makes the WR-21 marine gas turbine used on the warships, said the company continued to work with the MoD on upgrading the performance of the propulsion system.

为Type 45提供WR21燃气涡轮的Rolls-Royce的发言人表示，该公司持续努力与皇家海军合作，改善这些驱逐舰的服勤表现。

BAE Systems, the company which builds the warships, said in a statement that the destroyers were "among the world's most capable air defence destroyer".

建造Type 45驱逐舰的BAE System表示，这些驱逐舰是全世界上能力最强大的防空驱逐舰。

It said it was working with the MoD "to deliver improvements to the power generation capability of the Type 45 destroyers".

BAE与国防部继续合作，继续完善Type 45驱逐舰的整合电力推进系统