超级军网原创科普亲自翻译：美国警察制服 全解
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原创科普亲自翻译：美国警察制服。
Police uniforms of the United States
英文来源Wikipedia，US Police Department
中文翻译：@有你中国强
Police uniforms in the United States vary widely due to the nation's tradition of highly decentralized law enforcement. Over time, however, a number of general conventions and styles have become representative of American police fashion. Police wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to members of the public who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination.
美国警察制服的款式是由其非常分散（在各州的）法律效力来分别决定的。然而时过境迁，一些大致的的习俗和款式已经成为了美国警察潮流的代表。美国警察的制服意在日常巡逻时为那些需要警察协助的公民建立一种视觉存在感，并在犯罪现场能够迅速被同僚识别和协助。
内容Contents
• 1 历史History
• 2 当前的设计Current designs
o 2.1 徽章Badges
o 2.2 臂章Patches
o 2.3 制服Uniforms
o 2.4 头饰Headgear
o 2.5 特殊元素Unique elements
• 3 奖章Awards
• 4 美国警察制服的实例Examples of United States police uniforms
1.历史History
Centralized, municipally-managed police departments were unknown in the United States prior to the 1830s. Early law enforcement functions were largely performed by volunteer watchmen as well as elected or appointed constables and sheriffs, who were paid by the fee system for warrants they served.[1] The advent of professional police forces in the United States foreshadowed the introduction of standardized police uniforms. While uniforms for police had been introduced in the United Kingdom as early as 1828, adoption of standardized dress in the United States took longer, with many of the new police objecting to uniforms out of concern they would be subject to public ridicule.[2] Nonetheless, in 1854 the New York Police department became the United States' first municipal police force to issue uniforms to its officers. New York was followed, in 1858, byBoston, Chicago, and soon thereafter, other cities。
在1830年代以前，中央控制并综合管理的警察部门在美国并不存在。早期的法律强制力主要是由志愿岗哨（即中国的老太太侦缉队）和提名巡逻官来予以实施，他们的薪酬按照他们所供职的系统之标准来提供。而美国职业警察的出现预示着美国警察制服的诞生。尽管在大不列颠，警察制服早在1828年就已经出现，美国的警察制服的产生花了很多年的时间，主要是因为公众的讥笑。尽管如此，纽在1854年，纽约警察部门成为了美国第一个为警察统一装备警服的地方部门。1858年之后，波士顿和芝加哥等城市纷纷效仿，为自己的警察配备了警服。
The navy blue uniforms adopted by many police departments in this early period were simply surplus United States Army uniforms from the Civil War.[4] Cover typically took the form of stovepipe hats, a starched woolen head cover similar in appearance to a top hat but with a squatter dimension, or British-style custodian helmets. In rural areas, where preventative policing was limited or non-existent, sheriff's deputies continued to wear civilian attire, using only their badge as a mark of identification. In many states this practice continued well into the following century. The Orange County, California sheriff's office, for instance, did not adopt a uniform until 1938。
在早期，警察使用深蓝色的警察制服纯粹是由于内战中的陆军蓝制服过剩所致。而帽子主要是烟囱帽（一种烫洗过的羊毛长筒礼帽）的形式， 亦或者选择英式的硬式圆警帽（如图1）。而在警务预防制度或者根本不存在的欠缺的农村地区，地方治安官仍然穿着平民服装，辨别他们的唯一方法是胸前的警徽。在许多州，这种状态持续到了下个世纪。例如被称为柑橘之州的加利福尼亚州州警直到1938年才装备了警服。
By the early 20th century, the style and form of American police uniforms had essentially settled into its modern pattern of button-up shirts, neckties, slacks and military-style blouses with unbranded collars, all worn with peaked hats. Many early uniforms had loose-fitting jackets that would conceal a police officer's equipment, such as truncheon and sidearm. Beginning in the 1930s, officers more frequently began wearing their personal gear on a Sam Browne belt worn outside the coat, for ease of access.
到了20世纪初，美国警服的款式和形式关键性地决定了现代美国警服的样式：系扣衬衫，领带，宽松的采用军事式样的裤缝装饰带的马裤以及尖顶帽（原文如此）。许多早期的制服例如宽松的夹克有利于警察隐藏警具（比如说警棍和短武器。从1930年代开始，警官们跟喜欢在他们的山姆布朗带（Sam Browne belt，一种战术腰带）上面挂载个人用具以备使用。
原创科普亲自翻译：美国警察制服。
Police uniforms of the United States
英文来源Wikipedia，US Police Department
中文翻译：@有你中国强
Police uniforms in the United States vary widely due to the nation's tradition of highly decentralized law enforcement. Over time, however, a number of general conventions and styles have become representative of American police fashion. Police wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to members of the public who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination.
美国警察制服的款式是由其非常分散（在各州的）法律效力来分别决定的。然而时过境迁，一些大致的的习俗和款式已经成为了美国警察潮流的代表。美国警察的制服意在日常巡逻时为那些需要警察协助的公民建立一种视觉存在感，并在犯罪现场能够迅速被同僚识别和协助。
内容Contents
• 1 历史History
• 2 当前的设计Current designs
o 2.1 徽章Badges
o 2.2 臂章Patches
o 2.3 制服Uniforms
o 2.4 头饰Headgear
o 2.5 特殊元素Unique elements
• 3 奖章Awards
• 4 美国警察制服的实例Examples of United States police uniforms
1.历史History
Centralized, municipally-managed police departments were unknown in the United States prior to the 1830s. Early law enforcement functions were largely performed by volunteer watchmen as well as elected or appointed constables and sheriffs, who were paid by the fee system for warrants they served.[1] The advent of professional police forces in the United States foreshadowed the introduction of standardized police uniforms. While uniforms for police had been introduced in the United Kingdom as early as 1828, adoption of standardized dress in the United States took longer, with many of the new police objecting to uniforms out of concern they would be subject to public ridicule.[2] Nonetheless, in 1854 the New York Police department became the United States' first municipal police force to issue uniforms to its officers. New York was followed, in 1858, byBoston, Chicago, and soon thereafter, other cities。
在1830年代以前，中央控制并综合管理的警察部门在美国并不存在。早期的法律强制力主要是由志愿岗哨（即中国的老太太侦缉队）和提名巡逻官来予以实施，他们的薪酬按照他们所供职的系统之标准来提供。而美国职业警察的出现预示着美国警察制服的诞生。尽管在大不列颠，警察制服早在1828年就已经出现，美国的警察制服的产生花了很多年的时间，主要是因为公众的讥笑。尽管如此，纽在1854年，纽约警察部门成为了美国第一个为警察统一装备警服的地方部门。1858年之后，波士顿和芝加哥等城市纷纷效仿，为自己的警察配备了警服。
The navy blue uniforms adopted by many police departments in this early period were simply surplus United States Army uniforms from the Civil War.[4] Cover typically took the form of stovepipe hats, a starched woolen head cover similar in appearance to a top hat but with a squatter dimension, or British-style custodian helmets. In rural areas, where preventative policing was limited or non-existent, sheriff's deputies continued to wear civilian attire, using only their badge as a mark of identification. In many states this practice continued well into the following century. The Orange County, California sheriff's office, for instance, did not adopt a uniform until 1938。
在早期，警察使用深蓝色的警察制服纯粹是由于内战中的陆军蓝制服过剩所致。而帽子主要是烟囱帽（一种烫洗过的羊毛长筒礼帽）的形式， 亦或者选择英式的硬式圆警帽（如图1）。而在警务预防制度或者根本不存在的欠缺的农村地区，地方治安官仍然穿着平民服装，辨别他们的唯一方法是胸前的警徽。在许多州，这种状态持续到了下个世纪。例如被称为柑橘之州的加利福尼亚州州警直到1938年才装备了警服。
By the early 20th century, the style and form of American police uniforms had essentially settled into its modern pattern of button-up shirts, neckties, slacks and military-style blouses with unbranded collars, all worn with peaked hats. Many early uniforms had loose-fitting jackets that would conceal a police officer's equipment, such as truncheon and sidearm. Beginning in the 1930s, officers more frequently began wearing their personal gear on a Sam Browne belt worn outside the coat, for ease of access.
到了20世纪初，美国警服的款式和形式关键性地决定了现代美国警服的样式：系扣衬衫，领带，宽松的采用军事式样的裤缝装饰带的马裤以及尖顶帽（原文如此）。许多早期的制服例如宽松的夹克有利于警察隐藏警具（比如说警棍和短武器。从1930年代开始，警官们跟喜欢在他们的山姆布朗带（Sam Browne belt，一种战术腰带）上面挂载个人用具以备使用。
Police uniforms of the United States
英文来源Wikipedia，US Police Department
中文翻译：@有你中国强
Police uniforms in the United States vary widely due to the nation's tradition of highly decentralized law enforcement. Over time, however, a number of general conventions and styles have become representative of American police fashion. Police wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to members of the public who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination.
美国警察制服的款式是由其非常分散（在各州的）法律效力来分别决定的。然而时过境迁，一些大致的的习俗和款式已经成为了美国警察潮流的代表。美国警察的制服意在日常巡逻时为那些需要警察协助的公民建立一种视觉存在感，并在犯罪现场能够迅速被同僚识别和协助。
内容Contents
• 1 历史History
• 2 当前的设计Current designs
o 2.1 徽章Badges
o 2.2 臂章Patches
o 2.3 制服Uniforms
o 2.4 头饰Headgear
o 2.5 特殊元素Unique elements
• 3 奖章Awards
• 4 美国警察制服的实例Examples of United States police uniforms
1.历史History
Centralized, municipally-managed police departments were unknown in the United States prior to the 1830s. Early law enforcement functions were largely performed by volunteer watchmen as well as elected or appointed constables and sheriffs, who were paid by the fee system for warrants they served.[1] The advent of professional police forces in the United States foreshadowed the introduction of standardized police uniforms. While uniforms for police had been introduced in the United Kingdom as early as 1828, adoption of standardized dress in the United States took longer, with many of the new police objecting to uniforms out of concern they would be subject to public ridicule.[2] Nonetheless, in 1854 the New York Police department became the United States' first municipal police force to issue uniforms to its officers. New York was followed, in 1858, byBoston, Chicago, and soon thereafter, other cities。
在1830年代以前，中央控制并综合管理的警察部门在美国并不存在。早期的法律强制力主要是由志愿岗哨（即中国的老太太侦缉队）和提名巡逻官来予以实施，他们的薪酬按照他们所供职的系统之标准来提供。而美国职业警察的出现预示着美国警察制服的诞生。尽管在大不列颠，警察制服早在1828年就已经出现，美国的警察制服的产生花了很多年的时间，主要是因为公众的讥笑。尽管如此，纽在1854年，纽约警察部门成为了美国第一个为警察统一装备警服的地方部门。1858年之后，波士顿和芝加哥等城市纷纷效仿，为自己的警察配备了警服。
The navy blue uniforms adopted by many police departments in this early period were simply surplus United States Army uniforms from the Civil War.[4] Cover typically took the form of stovepipe hats, a starched woolen head cover similar in appearance to a top hat but with a squatter dimension, or British-style custodian helmets. In rural areas, where preventative policing was limited or non-existent, sheriff's deputies continued to wear civilian attire, using only their badge as a mark of identification. In many states this practice continued well into the following century. The Orange County, California sheriff's office, for instance, did not adopt a uniform until 1938。
在早期，警察使用深蓝色的警察制服纯粹是由于内战中的陆军蓝制服过剩所致。而帽子主要是烟囱帽（一种烫洗过的羊毛长筒礼帽）的形式， 亦或者选择英式的硬式圆警帽（如图1）。而在警务预防制度或者根本不存在的欠缺的农村地区，地方治安官仍然穿着平民服装，辨别他们的唯一方法是胸前的警徽。在许多州，这种状态持续到了下个世纪。例如被称为柑橘之州的加利福尼亚州州警直到1938年才装备了警服。
By the early 20th century, the style and form of American police uniforms had essentially settled into its modern pattern of button-up shirts, neckties, slacks and military-style blouses with unbranded collars, all worn with peaked hats. Many early uniforms had loose-fitting jackets that would conceal a police officer's equipment, such as truncheon and sidearm. Beginning in the 1930s, officers more frequently began wearing their personal gear on a Sam Browne belt worn outside the coat, for ease of access.
到了20世纪初，美国警服的款式和形式关键性地决定了现代美国警服的样式：系扣衬衫，领带，宽松的采用军事式样的裤缝装饰带的马裤以及尖顶帽（原文如此）。许多早期的制服例如宽松的夹克有利于警察隐藏警具（比如说警棍和短武器。从1930年代开始，警官们跟喜欢在他们的山姆布朗带（Sam Browne belt，一种战术腰带）上面挂载个人用具以备使用。
原创科普亲自翻译：美国警察制服。
Police uniforms of the United States
英文来源Wikipedia，US Police Department
中文翻译：@有你中国强
Police uniforms in the United States vary widely due to the nation's tradition of highly decentralized law enforcement. Over time, however, a number of general conventions and styles have become representative of American police fashion. Police wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to members of the public who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination.
美国警察制服的款式是由其非常分散（在各州的）法律效力来分别决定的。然而时过境迁，一些大致的的习俗和款式已经成为了美国警察潮流的代表。美国警察的制服意在日常巡逻时为那些需要警察协助的公民建立一种视觉存在感，并在犯罪现场能够迅速被同僚识别和协助。
内容Contents
• 1 历史History
• 2 当前的设计Current designs
o 2.1 徽章Badges
o 2.2 臂章Patches
o 2.3 制服Uniforms
o 2.4 头饰Headgear
o 2.5 特殊元素Unique elements
• 3 奖章Awards
• 4 美国警察制服的实例Examples of United States police uniforms
1.历史History
Centralized, municipally-managed police departments were unknown in the United States prior to the 1830s. Early law enforcement functions were largely performed by volunteer watchmen as well as elected or appointed constables and sheriffs, who were paid by the fee system for warrants they served.[1] The advent of professional police forces in the United States foreshadowed the introduction of standardized police uniforms. While uniforms for police had been introduced in the United Kingdom as early as 1828, adoption of standardized dress in the United States took longer, with many of the new police objecting to uniforms out of concern they would be subject to public ridicule.[2] Nonetheless, in 1854 the New York Police department became the United States' first municipal police force to issue uniforms to its officers. New York was followed, in 1858, byBoston, Chicago, and soon thereafter, other cities。
在1830年代以前，中央控制并综合管理的警察部门在美国并不存在。早期的法律强制力主要是由志愿岗哨（即中国的老太太侦缉队）和提名巡逻官来予以实施，他们的薪酬按照他们所供职的系统之标准来提供。而美国职业警察的出现预示着美国警察制服的诞生。尽管在大不列颠，警察制服早在1828年就已经出现，美国的警察制服的产生花了很多年的时间，主要是因为公众的讥笑。尽管如此，纽在1854年，纽约警察部门成为了美国第一个为警察统一装备警服的地方部门。1858年之后，波士顿和芝加哥等城市纷纷效仿，为自己的警察配备了警服。
The navy blue uniforms adopted by many police departments in this early period were simply surplus United States Army uniforms from the Civil War.[4] Cover typically took the form of stovepipe hats, a starched woolen head cover similar in appearance to a top hat but with a squatter dimension, or British-style custodian helmets. In rural areas, where preventative policing was limited or non-existent, sheriff's deputies continued to wear civilian attire, using only their badge as a mark of identification. In many states this practice continued well into the following century. The Orange County, California sheriff's office, for instance, did not adopt a uniform until 1938。
在早期，警察使用深蓝色的警察制服纯粹是由于内战中的陆军蓝制服过剩所致。而帽子主要是烟囱帽（一种烫洗过的羊毛长筒礼帽）的形式， 亦或者选择英式的硬式圆警帽（如图1）。而在警务预防制度或者根本不存在的欠缺的农村地区，地方治安官仍然穿着平民服装，辨别他们的唯一方法是胸前的警徽。在许多州，这种状态持续到了下个世纪。例如被称为柑橘之州的加利福尼亚州州警直到1938年才装备了警服。
By the early 20th century, the style and form of American police uniforms had essentially settled into its modern pattern of button-up shirts, neckties, slacks and military-style blouses with unbranded collars, all worn with peaked hats. Many early uniforms had loose-fitting jackets that would conceal a police officer's equipment, such as truncheon and sidearm. Beginning in the 1930s, officers more frequently began wearing their personal gear on a Sam Browne belt worn outside the coat, for ease of access.
到了20世纪初，美国警服的款式和形式关键性地决定了现代美国警服的样式：系扣衬衫，领带，宽松的采用军事式样的裤缝装饰带的马裤以及尖顶帽（原文如此）。许多早期的制服例如宽松的夹克有利于警察隐藏警具（比如说警棍和短武器。从1930年代开始，警官们跟喜欢在他们的山姆布朗带（Sam Browne belt，一种战术腰带）上面挂载个人用具以备使用。
One of the biggest evolutionary experiments in police uniform design began in 1969, when the police department in Menlo Park, California moved away from typical police uniforms, opting instead for a dress style designed to better emulate civilian fashion trends and communicate a "softer" appearance. The new uniforms consisted of green blazers, black slacks, a white shirt and black necktie. Officers wore their weapons concealed under their coats. Many other police departments soon followed the Menlo Park lead. In psychological tests, it was discovered police - after using the new uniform - displayed less authoritarian personality characteristics. In addition, civilians injured during arrests by police dropped by 50-percent and assaults on officers by criminals also plummeted by nearly a third. Despite these initially promising signs, however, it was subsequently determined that other factors, including increased police recruitment of college graduates and adoption of more responsive management techniques, had probably accounted for the statistical shifts. By the eighth year of the uniform experiment, assaults on police had more than doubled from what they were prior to the dress change and the "civilian" style uniforms were subsequently dropped.
美国警察制服最大的，革命性的试验之一于1969年开始。当时门洛帕克（美国加利福尼亚州圣马特奥县东南部城市）的警察摒弃传统的警察制服形式，选择一种正装式样的警服设计来更好的跟随潮流并且传递出一种警察的软性形象。新的制服包括绿色的西服，黑色的宽松长裤，白色的衬衫，黑色的领带。警官们将他们的武器隐藏在大衣下面。
许多其他的警察部门纷纷效仿门罗公园的做法。在心理测试中，穿上新式警服的警察们显示出了更加民主的作风。更有意思的是，在逮捕过程中受伤的人数降低了50%，警察被枪击中的概率降低了1/3。但事实上，警察队伍的素质提高（在大学中招收警察）以及新式的管理方式是以上数字的主要原因。然而好景不长，在八年的制服实验中，警察被枪击事件增加了两倍不止，于是这种亲民的服装便被取消掉了。
Current designs目前的设计
Badges警徽
Despite the wide variety of uniforms used by United States police departments, virtually all incorporate the use of metallic badges as a means of primary identification. Unlike in the United Kingdom, where officers both in and out of uniform carry - but do not publicly display - paper or plastic warrant cards, U.S. police badges are the official symbol of office and are prominently worn over the left chest of the uniform (or, in the case of plainclothes officers, displayed from a concealed badge carrier when necessary to establish authority). In Virginia, for instance, police only have the power to make arrests when "in uniform, or displaying a badge of office."
尽管美国的警服种类繁多，样式各异，它们均使用佩戴在左胸的金属警徽来作为身份识别特征。不像英国警察进进出出都要出示警察证，金属警徽已经成为了警察的通行证。（美国警察的警徽佩戴在左胸位置，当穿着便衣时，在腰带上佩挂一个印有警徽的证件）。例如，在弗吉尼亚州，法律规定“只有佩戴警徽或者出示警徽才有权利进行逮捕”。
Badges are typically engraved with a unique identification number matched to the officer to whom it is issued. Some departments - most notably the New York police department (NYPD) - traditionally pass individual badges through several generations of police so that current officers can establish a symbolic connection with the retired and deceased officers to whom their badge had previously been issued. In the case of the NYPD, officers who misplace their badge are docked five days of vacation time and many officers wear replica badges to avoid losing their issued badge (though the practice is officially discouraged).
通常情况下，警徽被刻上一个独特的号码（警号）来识别他的拥有者。在一些地方警察部门，例如纽约警察署（NYPD）， 在传统上将警徽一代一代地传承下去，因此，现役的警察与那些退休的或者离世的警察存在一种精神上的联系和使命感。以NYPD为例，将警徽放错地方或者没有妥善保管的将被停职五天，因此很多警官佩戴备用的或者复制的警徽来防止“原件”的丢失，尽管理论上这是不为鼓励的。
Federal law prohibits the sale or purchase of counterfeit police badges and many states have laws regulating the wearing of metallic badges by persons other than law enforcement. Florida, for instance, prohibits unauthorized persons from wearing or displaying badges if their wear or display would be likely to deceive someone. New York and New Jersey, meanwhile, allow private security guards to wear badges provided they are in the shape of a square and not the more traditional shield or star shape used by police.
联邦法律禁止非法销售或者买入警徽，很多州禁止除国家强制力人员外佩戴金属警徽。在佛罗里达，非授权人员禁止佩戴警徽因为他们可能会欺骗其他人。纽约和新泽西规定保安和保镖佩戴方形的徽章，以便和传统的盾形或六角形型警徽相混淆。
Badges are usually constructed out of metal with an enamel finish in either a gold and/or silver. As a general rule, the badges issued by county sheriff's offices take the form of a five, six, or seven-pointed star, while municipal police have shield-like designs. Following the death of a police officer, other officers will typically cover their badges with a black mourning band. Mourning bands can also be seen worn on May 15, "National Peace Officers Memorial Day."
美国警徽通常外表镀金或银。作为一个基本规定，警徽的形状通常是五角，六角或七角星。市政警察（城管+协警）佩戴盾形警徽。当一个警官去世（不管是否因公牺牲），他的同僚将会在他的警徽上缠绕上黑色的丧礼带。这种特殊的丧礼带也在每年的5月15日由全民自发佩戴，因为5月15日是“全国和平警官纪念日”。
One of the biggest evolutionary experiments in police uniform design began in 1969, when the police department in Menlo Park, California moved away from typical police uniforms, opting instead for a dress style designed to better emulate civilian fashion trends and communicate a "softer" appearance. The new uniforms consisted of green blazers, black slacks, a white shirt and black necktie. Officers wore their weapons concealed under their coats. Many other police departments soon followed the Menlo Park lead. In psychological tests, it was discovered police - after using the new uniform - displayed less authoritarian personality characteristics. In addition, civilians injured during arrests by police dropped by 50-percent and assaults on officers by criminals also plummeted by nearly a third. Despite these initially promising signs, however, it was subsequently determined that other factors, including increased police recruitment of college graduates and adoption of more responsive management techniques, had probably accounted for the statistical shifts. By the eighth year of the uniform experiment, assaults on police had more than doubled from what they were prior to the dress change and the "civilian" style uniforms were subsequently dropped.
美国警察制服最大的，革命性的试验之一于1969年开始。当时门洛帕克（美国加利福尼亚州圣马特奥县东南部城市）的警察摒弃传统的警察制服形式，选择一种正装式样的警服设计来更好的跟随潮流并且传递出一种警察的软性形象。新的制服包括绿色的西服，黑色的宽松长裤，白色的衬衫，黑色的领带。警官们将他们的武器隐藏在大衣下面。
许多其他的警察部门纷纷效仿门罗公园的做法。在心理测试中，穿上新式警服的警察们显示出了更加民主的作风。更有意思的是，在逮捕过程中受伤的人数降低了50%，警察被枪击中的概率降低了1/3。但事实上，警察队伍的素质提高（在大学中招收警察）以及新式的管理方式是以上数字的主要原因。然而好景不长，在八年的制服实验中，警察被枪击事件增加了两倍不止，于是这种亲民的服装便被取消掉了。
Current designs目前的设计
Badges警徽
Despite the wide variety of uniforms used by United States police departments, virtually all incorporate the use of metallic badges as a means of primary identification. Unlike in the United Kingdom, where officers both in and out of uniform carry - but do not publicly display - paper or plastic warrant cards, U.S. police badges are the official symbol of office and are prominently worn over the left chest of the uniform (or, in the case of plainclothes officers, displayed from a concealed badge carrier when necessary to establish authority). In Virginia, for instance, police only have the power to make arrests when "in uniform, or displaying a badge of office."
尽管美国的警服种类繁多，样式各异，它们均使用佩戴在左胸的金属警徽来作为身份识别特征。不像英国警察进进出出都要出示警察证，金属警徽已经成为了警察的通行证。（美国警察的警徽佩戴在左胸位置，当穿着便衣时，在腰带上佩挂一个印有警徽的证件）。例如，在弗吉尼亚州，法律规定“只有佩戴警徽或者出示警徽才有权利进行逮捕”。
Badges are typically engraved with a unique identification number matched to the officer to whom it is issued. Some departments - most notably the New York police department (NYPD) - traditionally pass individual badges through several generations of police so that current officers can establish a symbolic connection with the retired and deceased officers to whom their badge had previously been issued. In the case of the NYPD, officers who misplace their badge are docked five days of vacation time and many officers wear replica badges to avoid losing their issued badge (though the practice is officially discouraged).
通常情况下，警徽被刻上一个独特的号码（警号）来识别他的拥有者。在一些地方警察部门，例如纽约警察署（NYPD）， 在传统上将警徽一代一代地传承下去，因此，现役的警察与那些退休的或者离世的警察存在一种精神上的联系和使命感。以NYPD为例，将警徽放错地方或者没有妥善保管的将被停职五天，因此很多警官佩戴备用的或者复制的警徽来防止“原件”的丢失，尽管理论上这是不为鼓励的。
Federal law prohibits the sale or purchase of counterfeit police badges and many states have laws regulating the wearing of metallic badges by persons other than law enforcement. Florida, for instance, prohibits unauthorized persons from wearing or displaying badges if their wear or display would be likely to deceive someone. New York and New Jersey, meanwhile, allow private security guards to wear badges provided they are in the shape of a square and not the more traditional shield or star shape used by police.
联邦法律禁止非法销售或者买入警徽，很多州禁止除国家强制力人员外佩戴金属警徽。在佛罗里达，非授权人员禁止佩戴警徽因为他们可能会欺骗其他人。纽约和新泽西规定保安和保镖佩戴方形的徽章，以便和传统的盾形或六角形型警徽相混淆。
Badges are usually constructed out of metal with an enamel finish in either a gold and/or silver. As a general rule, the badges issued by county sheriff's offices take the form of a five, six, or seven-pointed star, while municipal police have shield-like designs. Following the death of a police officer, other officers will typically cover their badges with a black mourning band. Mourning bands can also be seen worn on May 15, "National Peace Officers Memorial Day."
美国警徽通常外表镀金或银。作为一个基本规定，警徽的形状通常是五角，六角或七角星。市政警察（城管+协警）佩戴盾形警徽。当一个警官去世（不管是否因公牺牲），他的同僚将会在他的警徽上缠绕上黑色的丧礼带。这种特殊的丧礼带也在每年的5月15日由全民自发佩戴，因为5月15日是“全国和平警官纪念日”。
Patches 制服肩章臂章
Most police uniforms feature shoulder sleeve insignia in the form of cloth patches embroidered with the agency's name, logo or a heraldic device. These patches are displayed either on both shoulders, or on just the left shoulder side of the uniform.
大部分警察制服都会在双肩（有时只在一肩）佩戴写有机构名称，标志和纹章的肩章。
Uniforms制服的类型
Individual municipal and county law enforcement agencies in the United States are typically responsible for designing their own uniforms, often with minimal state regulation. As a result, there is no universal form or pattern for American police uniforms.
独立的市警察局和郡警察局对自己的警察制服的设计负责，几乎没有国家监管，所以，美国警察制服没有统一的样式。
However, in general, most large police departments provide officers with two types of uniforms for wear, tactical (also called "Class B"), and traditional (or "Class A"). Tactical uniforms - similar in material and cut to the U.S. Army's former battle dress uniform - are generally worn while on patrol, or performing physically intense duties, while traditional-style uniforms are more often used for station assignments, high profile events, and ceremonial functions. In addition to these two basic uniform types, a variety of specialized clothing may be deployed as necessary, including jumpsuits (sometimes call "Class C") and - in the case of police pipe bands - highland dress. Some police departments restrict the use of tactical uniforms to elite units, such as SWAT teams, or for special assignments, such as riot control, in order to present a less militarized appearance in day-to-day operations.
然而，总的来说，大部分警察部门提供给警官两套制服：作战服（也叫做B套服）和常服（也叫A套服）。作战服或作训服的设计和款式与美国陆军正式作训服很相似，通常在巡逻或者进行激烈身体运动设穿着。常服在值班，高姿态事件和庆祝仪式上穿着。有时由于需要，一些特殊的警服被穿着，通常叫做C套服。例如高原套装。有些警察部门禁止精英部队穿着所谓作训服（例如SWAT和防暴警察），因为他们拥有自己的制服，并防止在公众形象中太过军事化。
Municipal police uniforms are typically colored in blue or black, while uniforms worn by sheriff's deputies are more often brown and khaki. Unlike British police, American law enforcement agencies do not usually include white-colored apparel, such as shirts, in their uniforms due to the fact white reflects in the dark and can make police officers more prominent targets for armed criminals during building searches or standoffs. There are, however, many exceptions to this general rule; the Miami Police department wears white uniform shirts, and senior officers in the NYPD have uniforms that also feature white shirts.
市政警察以蓝色和黑色为代表色，而州警的制服通常是棕色和卡其布色。美国法律强制机构并不经常配备白色制服（比如说衬衫），因为白色衬衫与黑色警服的强烈对比会使得美国警察在建筑搜索当中成为危险犯罪分子的袭击目标。然而，有许多特例：迈阿密警察局配备白色上衣，纽约警察局的高级警官也穿着白色衬衫。
Headgear 帽子与头饰
Unlike police in some Commonwealth nations, those American fores that had incorporated the custodian helmet into their uniforms subsequently abandoned the headgear by the early 20th century. Today, municipal police forces typically wear peaked hats or, in tactical uniforms, baseball caps. County sheriff's offices often issues their deputies with campaign hats or Stetsons for cover; the use of western-style headgear for law enforcement is a custom that may be unique to the United States and Canada.
不像一些英联邦国家，一些使用硬式拱帽的美国法律强制机构在20世纪初放弃了这一帽式。今天，美国警察佩戴六角大檐帽或者棒球帽。州郡警察佩戴宽边毡帽。 在加拿大和美国，使用西式警察头饰是独特的。
Unique elements独特的元素
Several United States police forces are known for unique uniform items not commonly used by other departments.
一些美国警察部门的制服蕴含特殊元素。
Police uniforms in Chicago and Pittsburgh feature peaked hats incorporating the Sillitoe Tartan checkerboard design.
芝加哥和匹兹堡的警帽由棋盘式马赛克装饰。
The Washington State Patrol and New Mexico State Police wear bowties.
华盛顿州与新墨西哥州警察戴领结。
Troopers of the Texas Highway Patrol wear cowboy hats as part of their official uniform
德克萨斯边境巡逻队戴牛仔帽。
Many police departments replace their standard collared shirts and neckties with an ascot when detachments are organized as part of a funeral detail or color guard. Fourragère and aiguillettes may also be worn.
许多美国警察部门将制式的衬衫和领带换成丝巾。肩绶带和肩带也有佩戴。
Awards 奖章
Since 1977 the North American Association of Uniforms, Manufacturers and Distributors have sponsored an annual award for the "best dressed" police department in the United States. The awards are currently awarded in several classes, depending on a department's size. In 2013 the Florida Highway Patrol was recognized as the "best dressed" police force among departments with more than 2,000 personnel.
从1977年起，美国制服制造与经销商协会为制服最漂亮的警察部门颁发“最佳穿着”奖。 此奖的颁发分不同等级，取决于获奖的警察部门的大小。2013年，拥有2000余人的佛罗里达交警获颁“最佳穿着”奖。
Most police uniforms feature shoulder sleeve insignia in the form of cloth patches embroidered with the agency's name, logo or a heraldic device. These patches are displayed either on both shoulders, or on just the left shoulder side of the uniform.
大部分警察制服都会在双肩（有时只在一肩）佩戴写有机构名称，标志和纹章的肩章。
Uniforms制服的类型
Individual municipal and county law enforcement agencies in the United States are typically responsible for designing their own uniforms, often with minimal state regulation. As a result, there is no universal form or pattern for American police uniforms.
独立的市警察局和郡警察局对自己的警察制服的设计负责，几乎没有国家监管，所以，美国警察制服没有统一的样式。
However, in general, most large police departments provide officers with two types of uniforms for wear, tactical (also called "Class B"), and traditional (or "Class A"). Tactical uniforms - similar in material and cut to the U.S. Army's former battle dress uniform - are generally worn while on patrol, or performing physically intense duties, while traditional-style uniforms are more often used for station assignments, high profile events, and ceremonial functions. In addition to these two basic uniform types, a variety of specialized clothing may be deployed as necessary, including jumpsuits (sometimes call "Class C") and - in the case of police pipe bands - highland dress. Some police departments restrict the use of tactical uniforms to elite units, such as SWAT teams, or for special assignments, such as riot control, in order to present a less militarized appearance in day-to-day operations.
然而，总的来说，大部分警察部门提供给警官两套制服：作战服（也叫做B套服）和常服（也叫A套服）。作战服或作训服的设计和款式与美国陆军正式作训服很相似，通常在巡逻或者进行激烈身体运动设穿着。常服在值班，高姿态事件和庆祝仪式上穿着。有时由于需要，一些特殊的警服被穿着，通常叫做C套服。例如高原套装。有些警察部门禁止精英部队穿着所谓作训服（例如SWAT和防暴警察），因为他们拥有自己的制服，并防止在公众形象中太过军事化。
Municipal police uniforms are typically colored in blue or black, while uniforms worn by sheriff's deputies are more often brown and khaki. Unlike British police, American law enforcement agencies do not usually include white-colored apparel, such as shirts, in their uniforms due to the fact white reflects in the dark and can make police officers more prominent targets for armed criminals during building searches or standoffs. There are, however, many exceptions to this general rule; the Miami Police department wears white uniform shirts, and senior officers in the NYPD have uniforms that also feature white shirts.
市政警察以蓝色和黑色为代表色，而州警的制服通常是棕色和卡其布色。美国法律强制机构并不经常配备白色制服（比如说衬衫），因为白色衬衫与黑色警服的强烈对比会使得美国警察在建筑搜索当中成为危险犯罪分子的袭击目标。然而，有许多特例：迈阿密警察局配备白色上衣，纽约警察局的高级警官也穿着白色衬衫。
Headgear 帽子与头饰
Unlike police in some Commonwealth nations, those American fores that had incorporated the custodian helmet into their uniforms subsequently abandoned the headgear by the early 20th century. Today, municipal police forces typically wear peaked hats or, in tactical uniforms, baseball caps. County sheriff's offices often issues their deputies with campaign hats or Stetsons for cover; the use of western-style headgear for law enforcement is a custom that may be unique to the United States and Canada.
不像一些英联邦国家，一些使用硬式拱帽的美国法律强制机构在20世纪初放弃了这一帽式。今天，美国警察佩戴六角大檐帽或者棒球帽。州郡警察佩戴宽边毡帽。 在加拿大和美国，使用西式警察头饰是独特的。
Unique elements独特的元素
Several United States police forces are known for unique uniform items not commonly used by other departments.
一些美国警察部门的制服蕴含特殊元素。
Police uniforms in Chicago and Pittsburgh feature peaked hats incorporating the Sillitoe Tartan checkerboard design.
芝加哥和匹兹堡的警帽由棋盘式马赛克装饰。
The Washington State Patrol and New Mexico State Police wear bowties.
华盛顿州与新墨西哥州警察戴领结。
Troopers of the Texas Highway Patrol wear cowboy hats as part of their official uniform
德克萨斯边境巡逻队戴牛仔帽。
Many police departments replace their standard collared shirts and neckties with an ascot when detachments are organized as part of a funeral detail or color guard. Fourragère and aiguillettes may also be worn.
许多美国警察部门将制式的衬衫和领带换成丝巾。肩绶带和肩带也有佩戴。
Awards 奖章
Since 1977 the North American Association of Uniforms, Manufacturers and Distributors have sponsored an annual award for the "best dressed" police department in the United States. The awards are currently awarded in several classes, depending on a department's size. In 2013 the Florida Highway Patrol was recognized as the "best dressed" police force among departments with more than 2,000 personnel.
从1977年起，美国制服制造与经销商协会为制服最漂亮的警察部门颁发“最佳穿着”奖。 此奖的颁发分不同等级，取决于获奖的警察部门的大小。2013年，拥有2000余人的佛罗里达交警获颁“最佳穿着”奖。
历史警服
现代警服
此为保安
此为保安
此为保安
此为保安
此为澳大利亚警察
此为澳大利亚警察
