关于完全反射激光的材料

刚才看到另外一个帖子里讨论反激光材料了，突然想起我存的一个新闻报道。
这个新闻报道是我 2009年在 CNN 的网页上看到的，当时觉得可能有用，就存下来了。该报道讲的是通过某种技术制造一种表面材料，如果把这种表面材料运用于某些设备上，可以将照射在该设备上面的激光完全反射回去，且不吸收一点激光的能量，因此，可以保护该设备免遭激光损害。连接如下， 我只翻译关键的几部分吧，希望能有用。


http://edition.cnn.com/2008/HEALTH/12/19/laser.surgery/index.html

December 24, 2008 -- Updated 0936 GMT (1736 HKT)
From military device to life-saving surgery tool


LONDON, England -- A new tool that allows doctors to use laser surgery in complex operations has been hailed as a breakthrough in minimally invasive laser technology.
Originally designed as a military tool for the United States Department of Defense (DOD), the fiber-optic invention is revolutionizing the ways surgeons carry out brain surgeries.
The "Omni directional dielectric mirror" was created by Professor Yoel Fink, a then-29-year-old student in Material Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1995.
"I was asked to participate in a project funded by the DOD to create the perfect mirror," Fink told CNN.

"The perfect mirror reflects light from all angles and does not absorb any of it. It could have been used, for example, to reflect back enemy laser beams," he continued。  这种完全的镜面反射可以将从各角度射过来的激光束全部反射回去，且不吸收激光束的能量。他可以用于，例如，将敌人射过来的激光束全部反射回去。

DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, a subsection of the DOD, specialize in technologies they believe are about 25 years away from being realized and try to make them happen in five years' time.
But they didn't have a long wait before they found their perfect mirror.
"To my own surprise, I found the answer during the very first meeting. I thought everyone would laugh at my suggestion, so I waited until the last two minutes to talk and after I did, the room just fell silent," Fink, a former commander in the Israeli army, told CNN.

He found that by taking two materials with different optical properties (one being a semi-conducting glass and one being a polymer) and stacking these two up in very tight and ultra thin layers, around 1 micron each (1/1000 of a millimeter), they create an omni-reflector. 他发现，通过把两种具有不同光学性质（一种是半导玻璃semi-conducting glass，一种是聚合物）的材料紧密的压在一起，就能制造全反射镜（omni-reflector）。

The most important part of his discovery, however, was that by changing only the thickness and distance of the layers, the "perfect mirror" could reflect any type of electromagnetic energy in any wavelength. 最重要的发现是，仅仅需要通过改变上述两种材料的厚度和距离，这种具备完美全反射能力的镜面材料，可以反射各种不同波长的电子能量波。

This meant Fink's invention was useful not only in the military and telecommunications field, but could also be used in minimally invasive laser surgery -- the use of lasers rather than scalpels to operate on everything from tumors, deafness and spine injuries.
This type of surgery is known to reduce recovery time, the likelihood of complications and incision size. In many cases, patients also spend less time "under the knife."
Fink then set about creating a pen-shaped fiber-optic tool that could allow surgeons to easily manipulate the laser and bend it to reach almost any tissue in the body.
The results, according to some surgeons who have used it, are astonishing.
Dr. Stanley Shapshay, a renowned American Ear Nose and Throat surgeon and former president of the Triological Society told CNN: "When Yoel first called me to show me his fiber-optic tool made out of this perfect mirror, I was very skeptical as I had seen many unsuccessful trials."
"But as soon as we did the first tests, I was simply blown away," he added.
Dr. Shapshay has now performed over 100 operations with the "perfect mirror laser" and says he finds it almost easier to use than a scalpel.
Dr. Bendok, a senior neurosurgeon at Northwestern University in the United States, along with his partner, otolaryngologist Dr Andrew Fishman, also rave about the benefit of the fiber optic tool in minimally invasive surgery.
In a recent case, Dr. Bendok's patient had a tumor at the base of the brain, a tumor that could have been more difficult and dangerous to remove without Fink's device.
"Using the scalpel could have caused a stroke," Dr. Fishman told CNN. "Instead we used CO2 laser to melt the tumor and then shave it off."
The whole operation took less than an hour and the patient recovered in only three days.
According to Dr. Shapshay, the perfect mirror is also an important development because, for years, doctors were able to treat patients with lasers in only limited circumstances and with many complications.
Until the "perfect mirror" came along there were no fibers that could transport the safer CO2 lasers. Surgeons had to shoot the laser beam directly from its large generator and could do so only at a straight angle, rendering it impossible to reach deeper tissues.
"At the time, CO2 lasers were like the perfect weapon for soldiers, but one that also happened to weigh five tons. They were very cumbersome," says Dr. Shapshay.
The surgeons believe laser technology will now become more widespread with the avenue of this tool that is "easy and intuitive to use."
Next on Fink's to-do list is to take his fibers worldwide, especially in Europe, the Middle East and Asia. His company, Omni Guide, aims to expand the tool globally: most clinics using it are currently in the United States.
"I hope it can help patients around the world," he said.
E-mail to a friend  刚才看到另外一个帖子里讨论反激光材料了，突然想起我存的一个新闻报道。
这个新闻报道是我 2009年在 CNN 的网页上看到的，当时觉得可能有用，就存下来了。该报道讲的是通过某种技术制造一种表面材料，如果把这种表面材料运用于某些设备上，可以将照射在该设备上面的激光完全反射回去，且不吸收一点激光的能量，因此，可以保护该设备免遭激光损害。连接如下， 我只翻译关键的几部分吧，希望能有用。


http://edition.cnn.com/2008/HEALTH/12/19/laser.surgery/index.html

December 24, 2008 -- Updated 0936 GMT (1736 HKT)
From military device to life-saving surgery tool


LONDON, England -- A new tool that allows doctors to use laser surgery in complex operations has been hailed as a breakthrough in minimally invasive laser technology.
Originally designed as a military tool for the United States Department of Defense (DOD), the fiber-optic invention is revolutionizing the ways surgeons carry out brain surgeries.
The "Omni directional dielectric mirror" was created by Professor Yoel Fink, a then-29-year-old student in Material Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1995.
"I was asked to participate in a project funded by the DOD to create the perfect mirror," Fink told CNN.

"The perfect mirror reflects light from all angles and does not absorb any of it. It could have been used, for example, to reflect back enemy laser beams," he continued。  这种完全的镜面反射可以将从各角度射过来的激光束全部反射回去，且不吸收激光束的能量。他可以用于，例如，将敌人射过来的激光束全部反射回去。

DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, a subsection of the DOD, specialize in technologies they believe are about 25 years away from being realized and try to make them happen in five years' time.
But they didn't have a long wait before they found their perfect mirror.
"To my own surprise, I found the answer during the very first meeting. I thought everyone would laugh at my suggestion, so I waited until the last two minutes to talk and after I did, the room just fell silent," Fink, a former commander in the Israeli army, told CNN.

He found that by taking two materials with different optical properties (one being a semi-conducting glass and one being a polymer) and stacking these two up in very tight and ultra thin layers, around 1 micron each (1/1000 of a millimeter), they create an omni-reflector. 他发现，通过把两种具有不同光学性质（一种是半导玻璃semi-conducting glass，一种是聚合物）的材料紧密的压在一起，就能制造全反射镜（omni-reflector）。

The most important part of his discovery, however, was that by changing only the thickness and distance of the layers, the "perfect mirror" could reflect any type of electromagnetic energy in any wavelength. 最重要的发现是，仅仅需要通过改变上述两种材料的厚度和距离，这种具备完美全反射能力的镜面材料，可以反射各种不同波长的电子能量波。

This meant Fink's invention was useful not only in the military and telecommunications field, but could also be used in minimally invasive laser surgery -- the use of lasers rather than scalpels to operate on everything from tumors, deafness and spine injuries.
This type of surgery is known to reduce recovery time, the likelihood of complications and incision size. In many cases, patients also spend less time "under the knife."
Fink then set about creating a pen-shaped fiber-optic tool that could allow surgeons to easily manipulate the laser and bend it to reach almost any tissue in the body.
The results, according to some surgeons who have used it, are astonishing.
Dr. Stanley Shapshay, a renowned American Ear Nose and Throat surgeon and former president of the Triological Society told CNN: "When Yoel first called me to show me his fiber-optic tool made out of this perfect mirror, I was very skeptical as I had seen many unsuccessful trials."
"But as soon as we did the first tests, I was simply blown away," he added.
Dr. Shapshay has now performed over 100 operations with the "perfect mirror laser" and says he finds it almost easier to use than a scalpel.
Dr. Bendok, a senior neurosurgeon at Northwestern University in the United States, along with his partner, otolaryngologist Dr Andrew Fishman, also rave about the benefit of the fiber optic tool in minimally invasive surgery.
In a recent case, Dr. Bendok's patient had a tumor at the base of the brain, a tumor that could have been more difficult and dangerous to remove without Fink's device.
"Using the scalpel could have caused a stroke," Dr. Fishman told CNN. "Instead we used CO2 laser to melt the tumor and then shave it off."
The whole operation took less than an hour and the patient recovered in only three days.
According to Dr. Shapshay, the perfect mirror is also an important development because, for years, doctors were able to treat patients with lasers in only limited circumstances and with many complications.
Until the "perfect mirror" came along there were no fibers that could transport the safer CO2 lasers. Surgeons had to shoot the laser beam directly from its large generator and could do so only at a straight angle, rendering it impossible to reach deeper tissues.
"At the time, CO2 lasers were like the perfect weapon for soldiers, but one that also happened to weigh five tons. They were very cumbersome," says Dr. Shapshay.
The surgeons believe laser technology will now become more widespread with the avenue of this tool that is "easy and intuitive to use."
Next on Fink's to-do list is to take his fibers worldwide, especially in Europe, the Middle East and Asia. His company, Omni Guide, aims to expand the tool globally: most clinics using it are currently in the United States.
"I hope it can help patients around the world," he said.
E-mail to a friend