《柳叶刀》(《The Lancet》)今天以头版头条位置介绍了 ...

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转自丁香园:
http://news.dxy.cn/bbs/topic/21378926


《柳叶刀》(《The Lancet》)今天以头版头条位置介绍了异种移植的发展现状与未来趋势

            译者:Docofsoul

 异种移植——人体利用动物器官、组织或细胞——在过去的十年里进展迅速。由于基因工程改造的猪供体拥有保护其免受人体免疫响应影响的基因,因此此前存在的人类宿主接受这类移植所面临的困难很大程度上已得到解决。美国匹兹堡大学的研究者以《临床异种移植:下一场医学 革 命?》为题对异种移植的最新进展与未来潜力作了概述。

  以下为这篇文章的摘要: 

        临床异种移植:下一场医学 革 命?

   来自死亡个体的器官与细胞的短缺仍继续约束同种异体移植手术的应用。猪虽然能够作为组织与细胞的替代性供体来源,但需要克服相关免疫挑战及其它与异种移植有关的障碍。受体为非人灵长类的基因改造的猪器官移植目前已基本上不受超急性、急性抗体性介导排斥或细胞排斥的限制,但其它问题却因之突出:如移植体内会发生血栓性微血管病或受体内发生系统性消耗性凝血病。为解决这些难题,含表达一个或多个人类血栓调节蛋白基因或抗炎基因的猪供体正得到开发。猪细胞(如胰岛细胞、神经细胞、肝细胞或角膜)的临床前移植结果较之器官移植结果更令人鼓舞:所有案例的存活时间都超过一年;而且感染性微生物向受体转移的风险也小。

在此猛击Lancet主页观看:
http://www.thelancet.com/

在此点击,观看《临床异种移植:下一场医学革 命?》英文原文并下载全文:
http://www.lancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)61091-X/fulltext

以下为中英直接对照:

Xenotransplantation 异种移植

Xenotransplantation–the use of animal organs, tissues or cells in humans—has increased in the past decade. Previous difficulties in helping a human host accept such transplants have been largely overcome because of the increasing availability of genetically modified pigs equipped with genes to protect them from the human immune response. Recent progress and the future potential of xenotransplantation is outlined in a Review by authors from the University of Pittsburgh, USA.

异种移植 ——人体利用动物器官、组织或细胞——在过去的十年里进展迅速。由于基因工程改造的猪供体拥有保护其免受人体免疫响应影响的基因,因此此前存在的人类宿主接受这类移植所面临的困难很大程度上已得到解决。美国匹兹堡大学的研究者以《临床异种移植:即将到来的医学革 命?》为题对异种器官移植的最新进展与未来潜力作了概述。

Clinical xenotransplantation: the next medical revolution?

  临床异种移植:下一场医学革 命?

Burcin Ekser MD a b, Mohamed Ezzelarab MD a, Hidetaka Hara MD a, Dirk J van der Windt MD a c d, Martin Wijkstrom MD a, Rita Bottino PhD c, Prof Massimo Trucco MD c, Dr David KC Cooper Prof, MD a

Summary

The shortage of organs and cells from deceased individuals continues to restrict allotransplantation. Pigs could provide an alternative source of tissue and cells but the immunological challenges and other barriers associated with xenotransplantation need to be overcome. Transplantation of organs from genetically modified pigs into non-human primates is now not substantially limited by hyperacute, acute antibody-mediated, or cellular rejection, but other issues have become more prominent, such as development of thrombotic microangiopathy in the graft or systemic consumptive coagulopathy in the recipient. To address these problems, pigs that express one or more human thromboregulatory or anti-inflammatory genes are being developed. The results of preclinical transplantation of pig cells—eg, islets, neuronal cells, hepatocytes, or corneas—are much more encouraging than they are for organ transplantation, with survival times greater than 1 year in all cases. Risk of transfer of an infectious microorganism to the recipient is small.

摘要

来自死亡个体的器官与细胞的短缺仍继续约束同种异体移植手术的应用。猪虽然能够作为组织与细胞的替代性供体来源,但需要克服相关免疫挑战及其它与异种移植有关的障碍。受体为非人灵长类的基因改造的猪器官移植目前已基本上不受超急性、急性抗体性介导排斥或细胞排斥的限制,但其它问题却因之突出:如移植体内会发生血栓性微血管病或受体内发生系统性消耗性凝血病。为解决这些难题,含表达一个或多个人类血栓调节蛋白基因或抗炎基因的猪供体正得到开发。猪细胞(如胰岛细胞、神经细胞、肝细胞或角膜)的临床前移植结果较之器官移植结果更令人鼓舞:所有案例的存活时间都超过一年;而且感染性微生物向受体转移的风险也小。
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)61091-X/fulltext#

(Docofsoul 译于2011年10月21日)转自丁香园:
http://news.dxy.cn/bbs/topic/21378926


《柳叶刀》(《The Lancet》)今天以头版头条位置介绍了异种移植的发展现状与未来趋势

            译者:Docofsoul

 异种移植——人体利用动物器官、组织或细胞——在过去的十年里进展迅速。由于基因工程改造的猪供体拥有保护其免受人体免疫响应影响的基因,因此此前存在的人类宿主接受这类移植所面临的困难很大程度上已得到解决。美国匹兹堡大学的研究者以《临床异种移植:下一场医学 革 命?》为题对异种移植的最新进展与未来潜力作了概述。

  以下为这篇文章的摘要: 

        临床异种移植:下一场医学 革 命?

   来自死亡个体的器官与细胞的短缺仍继续约束同种异体移植手术的应用。猪虽然能够作为组织与细胞的替代性供体来源,但需要克服相关免疫挑战及其它与异种移植有关的障碍。受体为非人灵长类的基因改造的猪器官移植目前已基本上不受超急性、急性抗体性介导排斥或细胞排斥的限制,但其它问题却因之突出:如移植体内会发生血栓性微血管病或受体内发生系统性消耗性凝血病。为解决这些难题,含表达一个或多个人类血栓调节蛋白基因或抗炎基因的猪供体正得到开发。猪细胞(如胰岛细胞、神经细胞、肝细胞或角膜)的临床前移植结果较之器官移植结果更令人鼓舞:所有案例的存活时间都超过一年;而且感染性微生物向受体转移的风险也小。

在此猛击Lancet主页观看:
http://www.thelancet.com/

在此点击,观看《临床异种移植:下一场医学革 命?》英文原文并下载全文:
http://www.lancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)61091-X/fulltext

以下为中英直接对照:

Xenotransplantation 异种移植

Xenotransplantation–the use of animal organs, tissues or cells in humans—has increased in the past decade. Previous difficulties in helping a human host accept such transplants have been largely overcome because of the increasing availability of genetically modified pigs equipped with genes to protect them from the human immune response. Recent progress and the future potential of xenotransplantation is outlined in a Review by authors from the University of Pittsburgh, USA.

异种移植 ——人体利用动物器官、组织或细胞——在过去的十年里进展迅速。由于基因工程改造的猪供体拥有保护其免受人体免疫响应影响的基因,因此此前存在的人类宿主接受这类移植所面临的困难很大程度上已得到解决。美国匹兹堡大学的研究者以《临床异种移植:即将到来的医学革 命?》为题对异种器官移植的最新进展与未来潜力作了概述。

Clinical xenotransplantation: the next medical revolution?

  临床异种移植:下一场医学革 命?

Burcin Ekser MD a b, Mohamed Ezzelarab MD a, Hidetaka Hara MD a, Dirk J van der Windt MD a c d, Martin Wijkstrom MD a, Rita Bottino PhD c, Prof Massimo Trucco MD c, Dr David KC Cooper Prof, MD a

Summary

The shortage of organs and cells from deceased individuals continues to restrict allotransplantation. Pigs could provide an alternative source of tissue and cells but the immunological challenges and other barriers associated with xenotransplantation need to be overcome. Transplantation of organs from genetically modified pigs into non-human primates is now not substantially limited by hyperacute, acute antibody-mediated, or cellular rejection, but other issues have become more prominent, such as development of thrombotic microangiopathy in the graft or systemic consumptive coagulopathy in the recipient. To address these problems, pigs that express one or more human thromboregulatory or anti-inflammatory genes are being developed. The results of preclinical transplantation of pig cells—eg, islets, neuronal cells, hepatocytes, or corneas—are much more encouraging than they are for organ transplantation, with survival times greater than 1 year in all cases. Risk of transfer of an infectious microorganism to the recipient is small.

摘要

来自死亡个体的器官与细胞的短缺仍继续约束同种异体移植手术的应用。猪虽然能够作为组织与细胞的替代性供体来源,但需要克服相关免疫挑战及其它与异种移植有关的障碍。受体为非人灵长类的基因改造的猪器官移植目前已基本上不受超急性、急性抗体性介导排斥或细胞排斥的限制,但其它问题却因之突出:如移植体内会发生血栓性微血管病或受体内发生系统性消耗性凝血病。为解决这些难题,含表达一个或多个人类血栓调节蛋白基因或抗炎基因的猪供体正得到开发。猪细胞(如胰岛细胞、神经细胞、肝细胞或角膜)的临床前移植结果较之器官移植结果更令人鼓舞:所有案例的存活时间都超过一年;而且感染性微生物向受体转移的风险也小。
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)61091-X/fulltext#

(Docofsoul 译于2011年10月21日)
真心希望加快脚步啊
想到了人耳鼠
同种异体的都没完全搞定。奢谈异种。
顶  柳叶刀的确是本好书  但是这类太专业化  读起来只读标题就够了 读内容就觉得自己装b了

本人还是喜欢科学 还能肤浅的理解下。。。
burn 发表于 2011-10-26 18:18
同种异体的都没完全搞定。奢谈异种。
正因为同种异体的不能乱搞,才搞异种异体的。
你怎么给同种的做基因敲除?
移植猪脑