日本发现放射性食品

Japan's radioactive food found in major local producer
日本在当地食品店中发现放射性食品
By Emily Smith, CNNMarch 19, 2011 3:34 p.m. EDT

(CNN) -- The disclosure Saturday by Japanese authorities that milk and spinach have shown higher-than-normal levels of radiation contamination has raised concerns about food safety and supplies in one of Japan's most heavily populated regions.
周六日本牛奶和菠菜发现放射性超标。

Tainted milk was found 30 kilometers (18 1/2 miles) from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant and spinach was collected as far as 100 kilometers (65 miles) to the south, almost halfway to Tokyo. The plant was badly damaged after a 9.0 earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the coast on March 11.
福岛30公里外的牛奶和100公里外的菠菜都发现被污染。

But Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano stressed to reporters Saturday afternoon that the levels were not extremely high: A person who consumed these products continuously for a year, he said, would take in the same amount of radiation as that of a single CT scan.
但官房长官对记者表示大丈夫。吃菠菜牛奶一年相当于照一次CT。

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said that equates to 7 millisieverts, more than double the 3 millisieverts that a person in an industrialized country is typically exposed to in a year.
美国食药局说这相当于7毫希弗。为发达国家平均每人每年3毫希弗辐射量的两倍以上。

Health effects would become more evident, he said, if such products were taken in daily for a lifetime. Edano said high radiation levels were not systemic for all spinach and milk tested, and that more data would be collected and analyzed under the Japanese health ministry's watch to help determine what steps to take next.
一直摄入这些食物则会产生健康问题。他说不是所有的牛奶和菠菜都有高辐射。将进行更多的测试以决定下一步方案。

The Fukushima prefecture, or province, is just to the northeast of Tokyo. According to the prefecture's website, Fukushima plays an important role in supplying food, not only to Tokyo, but also to the nation. The prefecture is Japan's fourth-largest farmland area and ranks among the top producer of fruits, vegetables, rice, tobacco and raw silk. The favorable climate lends itself to an active agricultural industry that includes livestock farming.
福岛县位于东京东北。福岛是东京乃至日本的重要食品供应基地。它是日本第四大农业基地，生产蔬菜水果大米烟草生丝。

The website also states that the prefecture's 159 kilometer-long coastline is home to a thriving fishing and seafood processing industry, and the area's haul of fish is among Japan's largest.
该地区有159公里长的海岸线，是日本最重要的渔业和加工基地之一。

Neighboring Ibaraki prefecture supplies Tokyo with a significant amount of fruits and vegetables. Ibaraki is the largest producer of Andes melons in Japan, according to the prefecture's website, as well as the country's third-largest producer of pork.
其相临的Ibaraki 县供应东京大量水果蔬菜。还是日本第三大猪肉供应商。

The impact on rice production in the area is also a source of concern. Rice is Japan's largest crop. Rice paddies account for 55% of Japan's farmland, and about 85% of the 2.3 million farms in Japan plant rice annually. While the value of the rice industry relative to the national economy has declined in recent years, rice production is culturally significant and an important part of Japanese heritage. Fukushima prefecture contributed 4.5% of Japan's total rice production in 2010. Ibaraki prefecture is the country's second-largest producer of Koshihikari,a gourmet variety of rice.
辐射对大米的影响也不容忽视。大米是日本最重要的作物，55%的农田和85%农户种植大米。福岛的大米产量占日本4.5%，Ibaraki 是日本第二大大米产地。

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Japan's rice-growing season starts in April (depending on the region) and this year's crop could remain unaffected, depending on how much radiation is released and in which direction, as well as how long it takes to clear farmland of contaminated soil.
美国食品农业组织指出，日本大米种植一般从4月开始。核事故对大米种植的影响取决于核泄漏的方向和程度，以及清理污染土壤的速度。

Jim Walsh, CNN consultant and international security expert at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, warned that should a reactor suffer a meltdown and radiation reach ground water, the situation would be much worse, as it would be impossible to tell where the contamination starts and stops.
MIT的Jim Walsh是CNN的国际安全专家。他警告如发生堆芯熔化，水体会受到辐射，情况会更加严重。无法预测何时何地会发生这种情况，也不知何时结束。:L

So, how does food become contaminated? According to the World Health Organization, the surface of foods like fruits and vegetables or animal feed can become radioactive by the deposit of radioactive materials falling on it from the air or through rainwater.
世卫组织指出，地面上的水果蔬菜以及动物都会富集空气和雨水中的放射物质。;funk

Over time, radioactivity can also build up within food, as radionuclides are transferred through soil into crops or animals (and thereby tainting milk), or into rivers, lakes and the sea, where fish and shellfish could take up the radionuclides. Radionuclides are elements in an unstable form that emit radiation. The severity of the risk depends on the radionuclide mix and the level of contaminant released.
当土壤中的放射物质转移到农作物和牲畜中（并污染牛奶），放射性会富集在食物中。在河海湖中的鱼和贝类都会具有放射性。

The health organization says packaged food is not susceptible to radiation contamination as long as the food is sealed.
包装完好的罐头不受影响。

The organization warned that "food contaminated with radioactive material will not appear spoiled, but consuming such food will increase the amount of radioactivity a person is exposed to and could increase the health risks associated with exposure." It went on to recommend that people avoid consumption of locally produced vegetables and milk, as well as fishing, hunting and slaughtering animals.
世卫组织警告：放射污染的食物不会腐坏，但使用这些食物会增加人受到的辐射，并引发健康问题。世卫组织建议人们不要食用当地的蔬菜、牛奶、鱼类、肉类。

As of right now, Japan appears to have adequate stockpiles of staples such as rice, but getting food to some of the hardest-hit regions is proving difficult. If current radiation levels hold, the farming community, while affected, could be spared. With the situation being so fluid, however, it's impossible to tell what impact this disaster will have on an already devastated population.
目前日本有足够的食品储备，但难以送到灾区。以目前的辐射强度而言，灾区虽受影响但尚算安全，但局势变化莫测，所以无法预测食品污染对灾区的灾民的影响到底会多大。

http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/03/19/japan.radioactive.food/index.htmlJapan's radioactive food found in major local producer
日本在当地食品店中发现放射性食品
By Emily Smith, CNNMarch 19, 2011 3:34 p.m. EDT

(CNN) -- The disclosure Saturday by Japanese authorities that milk and spinach have shown higher-than-normal levels of radiation contamination has raised concerns about food safety and supplies in one of Japan's most heavily populated regions.
周六日本牛奶和菠菜发现放射性超标。

Tainted milk was found 30 kilometers (18 1/2 miles) from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant and spinach was collected as far as 100 kilometers (65 miles) to the south, almost halfway to Tokyo. The plant was badly damaged after a 9.0 earthquake and subsequent tsunami hit the coast on March 11.
福岛30公里外的牛奶和100公里外的菠菜都发现被污染。

But Chief Cabinet Secretary Yukio Edano stressed to reporters Saturday afternoon that the levels were not extremely high: A person who consumed these products continuously for a year, he said, would take in the same amount of radiation as that of a single CT scan.
但官房长官对记者表示大丈夫。吃菠菜牛奶一年相当于照一次CT。

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said that equates to 7 millisieverts, more than double the 3 millisieverts that a person in an industrialized country is typically exposed to in a year.
美国食药局说这相当于7毫希弗。为发达国家平均每人每年3毫希弗辐射量的两倍以上。

Health effects would become more evident, he said, if such products were taken in daily for a lifetime. Edano said high radiation levels were not systemic for all spinach and milk tested, and that more data would be collected and analyzed under the Japanese health ministry's watch to help determine what steps to take next.
一直摄入这些食物则会产生健康问题。他说不是所有的牛奶和菠菜都有高辐射。将进行更多的测试以决定下一步方案。

The Fukushima prefecture, or province, is just to the northeast of Tokyo. According to the prefecture's website, Fukushima plays an important role in supplying food, not only to Tokyo, but also to the nation. The prefecture is Japan's fourth-largest farmland area and ranks among the top producer of fruits, vegetables, rice, tobacco and raw silk. The favorable climate lends itself to an active agricultural industry that includes livestock farming.
福岛县位于东京东北。福岛是东京乃至日本的重要食品供应基地。它是日本第四大农业基地，生产蔬菜水果大米烟草生丝。

The website also states that the prefecture's 159 kilometer-long coastline is home to a thriving fishing and seafood processing industry, and the area's haul of fish is among Japan's largest.
该地区有159公里长的海岸线，是日本最重要的渔业和加工基地之一。

Neighboring Ibaraki prefecture supplies Tokyo with a significant amount of fruits and vegetables. Ibaraki is the largest producer of Andes melons in Japan, according to the prefecture's website, as well as the country's third-largest producer of pork.
其相临的Ibaraki 县供应东京大量水果蔬菜。还是日本第三大猪肉供应商。

The impact on rice production in the area is also a source of concern. Rice is Japan's largest crop. Rice paddies account for 55% of Japan's farmland, and about 85% of the 2.3 million farms in Japan plant rice annually. While the value of the rice industry relative to the national economy has declined in recent years, rice production is culturally significant and an important part of Japanese heritage. Fukushima prefecture contributed 4.5% of Japan's total rice production in 2010. Ibaraki prefecture is the country's second-largest producer of Koshihikari,a gourmet variety of rice.
辐射对大米的影响也不容忽视。大米是日本最重要的作物，55%的农田和85%农户种植大米。福岛的大米产量占日本4.5%，Ibaraki 是日本第二大大米产地。

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Japan's rice-growing season starts in April (depending on the region) and this year's crop could remain unaffected, depending on how much radiation is released and in which direction, as well as how long it takes to clear farmland of contaminated soil.
美国食品农业组织指出，日本大米种植一般从4月开始。核事故对大米种植的影响取决于核泄漏的方向和程度，以及清理污染土壤的速度。

Jim Walsh, CNN consultant and international security expert at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, warned that should a reactor suffer a meltdown and radiation reach ground water, the situation would be much worse, as it would be impossible to tell where the contamination starts and stops.
MIT的Jim Walsh是CNN的国际安全专家。他警告如发生堆芯熔化，水体会受到辐射，情况会更加严重。无法预测何时何地会发生这种情况，也不知何时结束。:L

So, how does food become contaminated? According to the World Health Organization, the surface of foods like fruits and vegetables or animal feed can become radioactive by the deposit of radioactive materials falling on it from the air or through rainwater.
世卫组织指出，地面上的水果蔬菜以及动物都会富集空气和雨水中的放射物质。;funk

Over time, radioactivity can also build up within food, as radionuclides are transferred through soil into crops or animals (and thereby tainting milk), or into rivers, lakes and the sea, where fish and shellfish could take up the radionuclides. Radionuclides are elements in an unstable form that emit radiation. The severity of the risk depends on the radionuclide mix and the level of contaminant released.
当土壤中的放射物质转移到农作物和牲畜中（并污染牛奶），放射性会富集在食物中。在河海湖中的鱼和贝类都会具有放射性。

The health organization says packaged food is not susceptible to radiation contamination as long as the food is sealed.
包装完好的罐头不受影响。

The organization warned that "food contaminated with radioactive material will not appear spoiled, but consuming such food will increase the amount of radioactivity a person is exposed to and could increase the health risks associated with exposure." It went on to recommend that people avoid consumption of locally produced vegetables and milk, as well as fishing, hunting and slaughtering animals.
世卫组织警告：放射污染的食物不会腐坏，但使用这些食物会增加人受到的辐射，并引发健康问题。世卫组织建议人们不要食用当地的蔬菜、牛奶、鱼类、肉类。

As of right now, Japan appears to have adequate stockpiles of staples such as rice, but getting food to some of the hardest-hit regions is proving difficult. If current radiation levels hold, the farming community, while affected, could be spared. With the situation being so fluid, however, it's impossible to tell what impact this disaster will have on an already devastated population.
目前日本有足够的食品储备，但难以送到灾区。以目前的辐射强度而言，灾区虽受影响但尚算安全，但局势变化莫测，所以无法预测食品污染对灾区的灾民的影响到底会多大。

http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/03/19/japan.radioactive.food/index.html