超级军网呼唤E文高手翻译这段F4的消息
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F-4F upgrades and disposal
An F-4F with a Panavia Tornado
12 F-4Fs were initially modified for dual controls and were later de-modified. In 1980-83 the F-4F fleet was fitted with air-refuelling probes, utilizing USAF tankers to make longer flights to Canada and Spain. The AIM-9B and F were replaced with the "L" version Sidewinder.
The "ICE" (Improved Combat Efficiency) program commenced in 1983 to upgrade the F-4F's air-to-air capabilities. This involved the APG-65 radar and AIM-120 AMRAAM as the main elements, along with many minor upgrades. The original plan was to upgrade 75 F-4Fs, but the number was increased to 110 in the late 1980s. Initially the ICE upgrades were intended only for the interceptor wings, but more were upgraded due to delays in the Eurofighter Typhoon program. [9]
Phase 1 of ICE commenced in 1989-90 and included upgrades such as the ALR-68 Radar warning receiver, the Honeywell H-423 laser gyro inertial navigation system, the GEC Avionics CPU-143/A digital central air data computer, and the Mil Std 1553R digital data bus. [9]
Luftwaffe F-4 ICE
In July 1989, the first F-4F ICE Phase 2 aircraft was completed, and on 22 November 1991 the first firing of an AIM-120 AMRAAM took place. In 1992, the first batch of six upgraded aircraft was delivered to JG 71 (Fighter Wing 71), but the AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles were not available at that time. [13]
The F-4Fs were employed to fill operational gaps twice; the first time due to Panavia Tornado delays, while the F-4F ICE was needed due to the Eurofighter Typhoon delays. The units equipped with F-4F ICE were JG 71, JG 72, JG 74 and JG 73. This latter was a mixed unit, sent to Preschen airbase and had one staffel of F-4s and one with MiG-29s. This was a unique situation, until the phasing out of the Fulcrums. [14]
The F-4F ICE program offered a reasonably inexpensive and capable aircraft for the interceptor role, albeit with limitations. Apart from natural deficiencies of the air frame design itself, the greatest drawbacks of the F-4F ICE are the missing IFF system and the non-existent MIDS capability. In beyond-visual-range scenarios, it therefore has to rely on target-identification by AWACS aircraft with which it has to communicate in a conventional voice-based manner. This together with the low number of procured AIM-120Bs (only 96, because Germany has ordered the MBDA Meteor, which however will not be available until 2013) and the outdated APG-65 radar makes it a rather defensive system.
In 1992-94 the EFA program was reviewed by German Defence Minister Wolfang Ruhe and there was extensive debate about the Luftwaffe's future. At the end of 1994, there were about 70 F-4F ICE aircraft already modified, 40 were still waiting for APG-65 radar, and 40 were not modified but still in service. The costs sustained in the upgrades had incurred a delay in AMRAAM acquisition. At that time, it was hoped that the AIM-120 could be received by 2005 and then there were only funds for 96 missiles with an option for 288 more. The program review considered ending F-4F conversions and buying new fighters as "gap fillers", such as the MiG-29, F-15 Eagle or F-16. There was doubt that even a simplified version of the Typhoon could be acquired. [15] The review resulted in F-4F ICE being completed. The lack of AMRAAMs was a serious handicap and the MiG 29s were retained for longer than had been planned.
The ICE F-4Fs are expected to remain in service until JG 71 transitions to the Eurofighter Typhoon in 2012. [16] JG 73 retired its last F-4F in 2002 and replaced it with Eurofighters in 2003, while the last F-4F left JG-74 in March 2008. The remaining F-4F Wings were disbanded without replacement during the 1990s and early 2000s.F-4F upgrades and disposal
An F-4F with a Panavia Tornado
12 F-4Fs were initially modified for dual controls and were later de-modified. In 1980-83 the F-4F fleet was fitted with air-refuelling probes, utilizing USAF tankers to make longer flights to Canada and Spain. The AIM-9B and F were replaced with the "L" version Sidewinder.
The "ICE" (Improved Combat Efficiency) program commenced in 1983 to upgrade the F-4F's air-to-air capabilities. This involved the APG-65 radar and AIM-120 AMRAAM as the main elements, along with many minor upgrades. The original plan was to upgrade 75 F-4Fs, but the number was increased to 110 in the late 1980s. Initially the ICE upgrades were intended only for the interceptor wings, but more were upgraded due to delays in the Eurofighter Typhoon program. [9]
Phase 1 of ICE commenced in 1989-90 and included upgrades such as the ALR-68 Radar warning receiver, the Honeywell H-423 laser gyro inertial navigation system, the GEC Avionics CPU-143/A digital central air data computer, and the Mil Std 1553R digital data bus. [9]
Luftwaffe F-4 ICE
In July 1989, the first F-4F ICE Phase 2 aircraft was completed, and on 22 November 1991 the first firing of an AIM-120 AMRAAM took place. In 1992, the first batch of six upgraded aircraft was delivered to JG 71 (Fighter Wing 71), but the AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles were not available at that time. [13]
The F-4Fs were employed to fill operational gaps twice; the first time due to Panavia Tornado delays, while the F-4F ICE was needed due to the Eurofighter Typhoon delays. The units equipped with F-4F ICE were JG 71, JG 72, JG 74 and JG 73. This latter was a mixed unit, sent to Preschen airbase and had one staffel of F-4s and one with MiG-29s. This was a unique situation, until the phasing out of the Fulcrums. [14]
The F-4F ICE program offered a reasonably inexpensive and capable aircraft for the interceptor role, albeit with limitations. Apart from natural deficiencies of the air frame design itself, the greatest drawbacks of the F-4F ICE are the missing IFF system and the non-existent MIDS capability. In beyond-visual-range scenarios, it therefore has to rely on target-identification by AWACS aircraft with which it has to communicate in a conventional voice-based manner. This together with the low number of procured AIM-120Bs (only 96, because Germany has ordered the MBDA Meteor, which however will not be available until 2013) and the outdated APG-65 radar makes it a rather defensive system.
In 1992-94 the EFA program was reviewed by German Defence Minister Wolfang Ruhe and there was extensive debate about the Luftwaffe's future. At the end of 1994, there were about 70 F-4F ICE aircraft already modified, 40 were still waiting for APG-65 radar, and 40 were not modified but still in service. The costs sustained in the upgrades had incurred a delay in AMRAAM acquisition. At that time, it was hoped that the AIM-120 could be received by 2005 and then there were only funds for 96 missiles with an option for 288 more. The program review considered ending F-4F conversions and buying new fighters as "gap fillers", such as the MiG-29, F-15 Eagle or F-16. There was doubt that even a simplified version of the Typhoon could be acquired. [15] The review resulted in F-4F ICE being completed. The lack of AMRAAMs was a serious handicap and the MiG 29s were retained for longer than had been planned.
The ICE F-4Fs are expected to remain in service until JG 71 transitions to the Eurofighter Typhoon in 2012. [16] JG 73 retired its last F-4F in 2002 and replaced it with Eurofighters in 2003, while the last F-4F left JG-74 in March 2008. The remaining F-4F Wings were disbanded without replacement during the 1990s and early 2000s.
An F-4F with a Panavia Tornado
12 F-4Fs were initially modified for dual controls and were later de-modified. In 1980-83 the F-4F fleet was fitted with air-refuelling probes, utilizing USAF tankers to make longer flights to Canada and Spain. The AIM-9B and F were replaced with the "L" version Sidewinder.
The "ICE" (Improved Combat Efficiency) program commenced in 1983 to upgrade the F-4F's air-to-air capabilities. This involved the APG-65 radar and AIM-120 AMRAAM as the main elements, along with many minor upgrades. The original plan was to upgrade 75 F-4Fs, but the number was increased to 110 in the late 1980s. Initially the ICE upgrades were intended only for the interceptor wings, but more were upgraded due to delays in the Eurofighter Typhoon program. [9]
Phase 1 of ICE commenced in 1989-90 and included upgrades such as the ALR-68 Radar warning receiver, the Honeywell H-423 laser gyro inertial navigation system, the GEC Avionics CPU-143/A digital central air data computer, and the Mil Std 1553R digital data bus. [9]
Luftwaffe F-4 ICE
In July 1989, the first F-4F ICE Phase 2 aircraft was completed, and on 22 November 1991 the first firing of an AIM-120 AMRAAM took place. In 1992, the first batch of six upgraded aircraft was delivered to JG 71 (Fighter Wing 71), but the AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles were not available at that time. [13]
The F-4Fs were employed to fill operational gaps twice; the first time due to Panavia Tornado delays, while the F-4F ICE was needed due to the Eurofighter Typhoon delays. The units equipped with F-4F ICE were JG 71, JG 72, JG 74 and JG 73. This latter was a mixed unit, sent to Preschen airbase and had one staffel of F-4s and one with MiG-29s. This was a unique situation, until the phasing out of the Fulcrums. [14]
The F-4F ICE program offered a reasonably inexpensive and capable aircraft for the interceptor role, albeit with limitations. Apart from natural deficiencies of the air frame design itself, the greatest drawbacks of the F-4F ICE are the missing IFF system and the non-existent MIDS capability. In beyond-visual-range scenarios, it therefore has to rely on target-identification by AWACS aircraft with which it has to communicate in a conventional voice-based manner. This together with the low number of procured AIM-120Bs (only 96, because Germany has ordered the MBDA Meteor, which however will not be available until 2013) and the outdated APG-65 radar makes it a rather defensive system.
In 1992-94 the EFA program was reviewed by German Defence Minister Wolfang Ruhe and there was extensive debate about the Luftwaffe's future. At the end of 1994, there were about 70 F-4F ICE aircraft already modified, 40 were still waiting for APG-65 radar, and 40 were not modified but still in service. The costs sustained in the upgrades had incurred a delay in AMRAAM acquisition. At that time, it was hoped that the AIM-120 could be received by 2005 and then there were only funds for 96 missiles with an option for 288 more. The program review considered ending F-4F conversions and buying new fighters as "gap fillers", such as the MiG-29, F-15 Eagle or F-16. There was doubt that even a simplified version of the Typhoon could be acquired. [15] The review resulted in F-4F ICE being completed. The lack of AMRAAMs was a serious handicap and the MiG 29s were retained for longer than had been planned.
The ICE F-4Fs are expected to remain in service until JG 71 transitions to the Eurofighter Typhoon in 2012. [16] JG 73 retired its last F-4F in 2002 and replaced it with Eurofighters in 2003, while the last F-4F left JG-74 in March 2008. The remaining F-4F Wings were disbanded without replacement during the 1990s and early 2000s.F-4F upgrades and disposal
An F-4F with a Panavia Tornado
12 F-4Fs were initially modified for dual controls and were later de-modified. In 1980-83 the F-4F fleet was fitted with air-refuelling probes, utilizing USAF tankers to make longer flights to Canada and Spain. The AIM-9B and F were replaced with the "L" version Sidewinder.
The "ICE" (Improved Combat Efficiency) program commenced in 1983 to upgrade the F-4F's air-to-air capabilities. This involved the APG-65 radar and AIM-120 AMRAAM as the main elements, along with many minor upgrades. The original plan was to upgrade 75 F-4Fs, but the number was increased to 110 in the late 1980s. Initially the ICE upgrades were intended only for the interceptor wings, but more were upgraded due to delays in the Eurofighter Typhoon program. [9]
Phase 1 of ICE commenced in 1989-90 and included upgrades such as the ALR-68 Radar warning receiver, the Honeywell H-423 laser gyro inertial navigation system, the GEC Avionics CPU-143/A digital central air data computer, and the Mil Std 1553R digital data bus. [9]
Luftwaffe F-4 ICE
In July 1989, the first F-4F ICE Phase 2 aircraft was completed, and on 22 November 1991 the first firing of an AIM-120 AMRAAM took place. In 1992, the first batch of six upgraded aircraft was delivered to JG 71 (Fighter Wing 71), but the AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles were not available at that time. [13]
The F-4Fs were employed to fill operational gaps twice; the first time due to Panavia Tornado delays, while the F-4F ICE was needed due to the Eurofighter Typhoon delays. The units equipped with F-4F ICE were JG 71, JG 72, JG 74 and JG 73. This latter was a mixed unit, sent to Preschen airbase and had one staffel of F-4s and one with MiG-29s. This was a unique situation, until the phasing out of the Fulcrums. [14]
The F-4F ICE program offered a reasonably inexpensive and capable aircraft for the interceptor role, albeit with limitations. Apart from natural deficiencies of the air frame design itself, the greatest drawbacks of the F-4F ICE are the missing IFF system and the non-existent MIDS capability. In beyond-visual-range scenarios, it therefore has to rely on target-identification by AWACS aircraft with which it has to communicate in a conventional voice-based manner. This together with the low number of procured AIM-120Bs (only 96, because Germany has ordered the MBDA Meteor, which however will not be available until 2013) and the outdated APG-65 radar makes it a rather defensive system.
In 1992-94 the EFA program was reviewed by German Defence Minister Wolfang Ruhe and there was extensive debate about the Luftwaffe's future. At the end of 1994, there were about 70 F-4F ICE aircraft already modified, 40 were still waiting for APG-65 radar, and 40 were not modified but still in service. The costs sustained in the upgrades had incurred a delay in AMRAAM acquisition. At that time, it was hoped that the AIM-120 could be received by 2005 and then there were only funds for 96 missiles with an option for 288 more. The program review considered ending F-4F conversions and buying new fighters as "gap fillers", such as the MiG-29, F-15 Eagle or F-16. There was doubt that even a simplified version of the Typhoon could be acquired. [15] The review resulted in F-4F ICE being completed. The lack of AMRAAMs was a serious handicap and the MiG 29s were retained for longer than had been planned.
The ICE F-4Fs are expected to remain in service until JG 71 transitions to the Eurofighter Typhoon in 2012. [16] JG 73 retired its last F-4F in 2002 and replaced it with Eurofighters in 2003, while the last F-4F left JG-74 in March 2008. The remaining F-4F Wings were disbanded without replacement during the 1990s and early 2000s.
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自己动手，丰衣足食
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F-4F upgrades and disposal F-4F升级与部署
An F-4F with a Panavia Tornado 一架F-4F与一架狂风
12 F-4Fs were initially modified for dual controls and were later de-modified. In 1980-83 the F-4F fleet was fitted with air-refuelling probes, utilizing USAF tankers to make longer flights to Canada and Spain. The AIM-9B and F were replaced with the "L" version Sidewinder.
12架F-4F最初升级双冗余飞控，但随后又解除了升级。1980-83年，F-4F机群安装了空中加油探头，在美国空军的加油机的支持下飞往加拿大和西班牙。所配备的AIM-9B由AIM-9L替换。
The "ICE" (Improved Combat Efficiency) program commenced in 1983 to upgrade the F-4F's air-to-air capabilities. This involved the APG-65 radar and AIM-120 AMRAAM as the main elements, along with many minor upgrades. The original plan was to upgrade 75 F-4Fs, but the number was increased to 110 in the late 1980s. Initially the ICE upgrades were intended only for the interceptor wings, but more were upgraded due to delays in the Eurofighter Typhoon program. [9]
ICE（作战效能改进）计划于1983年启动，旨在升级F-4F的空战能力。主要包括采用APG-65火控雷达和AIM-120先进中程空空导弹，同时还有其他方面的改进。该计划原本针对75架F-4F的升级，但八十年代后期升级数量提高到110架。最初ICE升级的目的在于获得空中拦截力量，但实际上更多地是因为台风战斗机项目的延滞。
Phase 1 of ICE commenced in 1989-90 and included upgrades such as the ALR-68 Radar warning receiver, the Honeywell H-423 laser gyro inertial navigation system, the GEC Avionics CPU-143/A digital central air data computer, and the Mil Std 1553R digital data bus. [9]
ICE第一阶段开始于1989-1990年，包括加装ALR-68雷达告警接收器、霍尼韦尔H-423激光陀螺仪惯性导航系统、GEC航空电子公司的CPU-143/A数字中央航空数据计算机，以及军用标准1553R数据链总线。
Luftwaffe F-4 ICE 德国空军F-4 ICE
In July 1989, the first F-4F ICE Phase 2 aircraft was completed, and on 22 November 1991 the first firing of an AIM-120 AMRAAM took place. In 1992, the first batch of six upgraded aircraft was delivered to JG 71 (Fighter Wing 71), but the AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles were not available at that time. [13]
1989年7月，F-4ICE第二阶段首机完成，1991年11月22日首次发射AIM-120。1992年，首批6架飞机交付第71战斗机联队，但在当时AIM-120尚无法大量服役。
The F-4Fs were employed to fill operational gaps twice; the first time due to Panavia Tornado delays, while the F-4F ICE was needed due to the Eurofighter Typhoon delays. The units equipped with F-4F ICE were JG 71, JG 72, JG 74 and JG 73. This latter was a mixed unit, sent to Preschen airbase and had one staffel of F-4s and one with MiG-29s. This was a unique situation, until the phasing out of the Fulcrums. [14]
F-4F两次被用来填补力量空缺：第一次是因为狂风战斗机进度延迟，而F-4F ICE的需求则是由于台风战斗机进度滞后。总共有JG71-74 四个联队装备了F-4 ICE。其中JG 73是个混编的单位，在帕邢空军基地同时装备了F-4和MIG-29。这种独特的状况一直持续到MIG-29支点被淘汰。
The F-4F ICE program offered a reasonably inexpensive and capable aircraft for the interceptor role, albeit with limitations. Apart from natural deficiencies of the air frame design itself, the greatest drawbacks of the F-4F ICE are the missing IFF system and the non-existent MIDS capability. In beyond-visual-range scenarios, it therefore has to rely on target-identification by AWACS aircraft with which it has to communicate in a conventional voice-based manner. This together with the low number of procured AIM-120Bs (only 96, because Germany has ordered the MBDA Meteor, which however will not be available until 2013) and the outdated APG-65 radar makes it a rather defensive system.
尽管有所局限，但F-4F ICE计划提供了廉价高效的拦截力量。除了空中平台的设计缺陷之外，F-4F ICE最大的弱点在于缺少IFF敌我识别系统和MIDS多功能信息分发系统。在超视距作战的情况下，必须依靠传统的语音联系方式联络空中预警指挥系统以对目标进行识别判断。同时，AIM-120B的获得数量有限（仅仅96枚，原因是德国已经订购了MBDA的流星，但后者在2013年之后才能入役），APG-65雷达也渐显落后，因而整体处于堪用的态势。
In 1992-94 the EFA program was reviewed by German Defence Minister Wolfang Ruhe and there was extensive debate about the Luftwaffe's future. At the end of 1994, there were about 70 F-4F ICE aircraft already modified, 40 were still waiting for APG-65 radar, and 40 were not modified but still in service. The costs sustained in the upgrades had incurred a delay in AMRAAM acquisition. At that time, it was hoped that the AIM-120 could be received by 2005 and then there were only funds for 96 missiles with an option for 288 more. The program review considered ending F-4F conversions and buying new fighters as "gap fillers", such as the MiG-29, F-15 Eagle or F-16. There was doubt that even a simplified version of the Typhoon could be acquired. [15] The review resulted in F-4F ICE being completed. The lack of AMRAAMs was a serious handicap and the MiG 29s were retained for longer than had been planned.
1992-94年，德国国防大臣Wolfang Ruhe（肯定打错了，是Wolfgang沃夫冈）重新评估了EFA项目，这引起关于德国空军未来的诸多争议。1994年底，已升级大约70架F-4F ICE，另外40架仍然在等待安装APG-65雷达，40架F-4未经升级但仍在役。持续的升级成本导致AIM-120的交付延迟。当时预期能够在2005年之前接收AIM-120，但只有购买96枚导弹的预算，以及288枚的期权。项目评估考虑终止F-4F升级计划，并采购例如MIG-29、F-15、F-16等新型战斗机以填补力量真空。该评估导致F-4F ICE项目的终结。缺少AMRAAM是个严重缺陷，因此MIG-29服役时间较原计划更长。
The ICE F-4Fs are expected to remain in service until JG 71 transitions to the Eurofighter Typhoon in 2012. [16] JG 73 retired its last F-4F in 2002 and replaced it with Eurofighters in 2003, while the last F-4F left JG-74 in March 2008. The remaining F-4F Wings were disbanded without replacement during the 1990s and early 2000s.
预计F-4F ICE将一直服役，直至2012年JG71获得台风战斗机。JG73已在2003年用台风战斗机取代了其所有的F--4F ICE，JG 74于2008年3月淘汰所有F-4F。 其余的F-4F在90年代到新世纪初之间被拆解，并未用新机代替。
An F-4F with a Panavia Tornado 一架F-4F与一架狂风
12 F-4Fs were initially modified for dual controls and were later de-modified. In 1980-83 the F-4F fleet was fitted with air-refuelling probes, utilizing USAF tankers to make longer flights to Canada and Spain. The AIM-9B and F were replaced with the "L" version Sidewinder.
12架F-4F最初升级双冗余飞控，但随后又解除了升级。1980-83年，F-4F机群安装了空中加油探头，在美国空军的加油机的支持下飞往加拿大和西班牙。所配备的AIM-9B由AIM-9L替换。
The "ICE" (Improved Combat Efficiency) program commenced in 1983 to upgrade the F-4F's air-to-air capabilities. This involved the APG-65 radar and AIM-120 AMRAAM as the main elements, along with many minor upgrades. The original plan was to upgrade 75 F-4Fs, but the number was increased to 110 in the late 1980s. Initially the ICE upgrades were intended only for the interceptor wings, but more were upgraded due to delays in the Eurofighter Typhoon program. [9]
ICE（作战效能改进）计划于1983年启动，旨在升级F-4F的空战能力。主要包括采用APG-65火控雷达和AIM-120先进中程空空导弹，同时还有其他方面的改进。该计划原本针对75架F-4F的升级，但八十年代后期升级数量提高到110架。最初ICE升级的目的在于获得空中拦截力量，但实际上更多地是因为台风战斗机项目的延滞。
Phase 1 of ICE commenced in 1989-90 and included upgrades such as the ALR-68 Radar warning receiver, the Honeywell H-423 laser gyro inertial navigation system, the GEC Avionics CPU-143/A digital central air data computer, and the Mil Std 1553R digital data bus. [9]
ICE第一阶段开始于1989-1990年，包括加装ALR-68雷达告警接收器、霍尼韦尔H-423激光陀螺仪惯性导航系统、GEC航空电子公司的CPU-143/A数字中央航空数据计算机，以及军用标准1553R数据链总线。
Luftwaffe F-4 ICE 德国空军F-4 ICE
In July 1989, the first F-4F ICE Phase 2 aircraft was completed, and on 22 November 1991 the first firing of an AIM-120 AMRAAM took place. In 1992, the first batch of six upgraded aircraft was delivered to JG 71 (Fighter Wing 71), but the AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles were not available at that time. [13]
1989年7月，F-4ICE第二阶段首机完成，1991年11月22日首次发射AIM-120。1992年，首批6架飞机交付第71战斗机联队，但在当时AIM-120尚无法大量服役。
The F-4Fs were employed to fill operational gaps twice; the first time due to Panavia Tornado delays, while the F-4F ICE was needed due to the Eurofighter Typhoon delays. The units equipped with F-4F ICE were JG 71, JG 72, JG 74 and JG 73. This latter was a mixed unit, sent to Preschen airbase and had one staffel of F-4s and one with MiG-29s. This was a unique situation, until the phasing out of the Fulcrums. [14]
F-4F两次被用来填补力量空缺：第一次是因为狂风战斗机进度延迟，而F-4F ICE的需求则是由于台风战斗机进度滞后。总共有JG71-74 四个联队装备了F-4 ICE。其中JG 73是个混编的单位，在帕邢空军基地同时装备了F-4和MIG-29。这种独特的状况一直持续到MIG-29支点被淘汰。
The F-4F ICE program offered a reasonably inexpensive and capable aircraft for the interceptor role, albeit with limitations. Apart from natural deficiencies of the air frame design itself, the greatest drawbacks of the F-4F ICE are the missing IFF system and the non-existent MIDS capability. In beyond-visual-range scenarios, it therefore has to rely on target-identification by AWACS aircraft with which it has to communicate in a conventional voice-based manner. This together with the low number of procured AIM-120Bs (only 96, because Germany has ordered the MBDA Meteor, which however will not be available until 2013) and the outdated APG-65 radar makes it a rather defensive system.
尽管有所局限，但F-4F ICE计划提供了廉价高效的拦截力量。除了空中平台的设计缺陷之外，F-4F ICE最大的弱点在于缺少IFF敌我识别系统和MIDS多功能信息分发系统。在超视距作战的情况下，必须依靠传统的语音联系方式联络空中预警指挥系统以对目标进行识别判断。同时，AIM-120B的获得数量有限（仅仅96枚，原因是德国已经订购了MBDA的流星，但后者在2013年之后才能入役），APG-65雷达也渐显落后，因而整体处于堪用的态势。
In 1992-94 the EFA program was reviewed by German Defence Minister Wolfang Ruhe and there was extensive debate about the Luftwaffe's future. At the end of 1994, there were about 70 F-4F ICE aircraft already modified, 40 were still waiting for APG-65 radar, and 40 were not modified but still in service. The costs sustained in the upgrades had incurred a delay in AMRAAM acquisition. At that time, it was hoped that the AIM-120 could be received by 2005 and then there were only funds for 96 missiles with an option for 288 more. The program review considered ending F-4F conversions and buying new fighters as "gap fillers", such as the MiG-29, F-15 Eagle or F-16. There was doubt that even a simplified version of the Typhoon could be acquired. [15] The review resulted in F-4F ICE being completed. The lack of AMRAAMs was a serious handicap and the MiG 29s were retained for longer than had been planned.
1992-94年，德国国防大臣Wolfang Ruhe（肯定打错了，是Wolfgang沃夫冈）重新评估了EFA项目，这引起关于德国空军未来的诸多争议。1994年底，已升级大约70架F-4F ICE，另外40架仍然在等待安装APG-65雷达，40架F-4未经升级但仍在役。持续的升级成本导致AIM-120的交付延迟。当时预期能够在2005年之前接收AIM-120，但只有购买96枚导弹的预算，以及288枚的期权。项目评估考虑终止F-4F升级计划，并采购例如MIG-29、F-15、F-16等新型战斗机以填补力量真空。该评估导致F-4F ICE项目的终结。缺少AMRAAM是个严重缺陷，因此MIG-29服役时间较原计划更长。
The ICE F-4Fs are expected to remain in service until JG 71 transitions to the Eurofighter Typhoon in 2012. [16] JG 73 retired its last F-4F in 2002 and replaced it with Eurofighters in 2003, while the last F-4F left JG-74 in March 2008. The remaining F-4F Wings were disbanded without replacement during the 1990s and early 2000s.
预计F-4F ICE将一直服役，直至2012年JG71获得台风战斗机。JG73已在2003年用台风战斗机取代了其所有的F--4F ICE，JG 74于2008年3月淘汰所有F-4F。 其余的F-4F在90年代到新世纪初之间被拆解，并未用新机代替。
高手翻译的就是不一样 金山翻译不精确 看得头昏脑涨
F-4F升级与部署
12架F-4F最初升级双冗余飞控，但随后又解除了升级。1980-83年，F-4F机群安装了空中加油探头，在美国空军的加油机的支持下飞往加拿大和西班牙。所配备的AIM-9B由AIM-9L替换。
ICE（作战效能改进）计划于1983年启动，旨在升级F-4F的空战能力。主要包括采用APG-65火控雷达和AIM-120先进中程空空导弹，同时还有其他方面的改进。该计划原本针对75架F-4F的升级，但八十年代后期升级数量提高到110架。最初ICE升级的目的在于获得空中拦截力量，但实际上更多地是因为台风战斗机项目的延滞
ICE第一阶段开始于1989-1990年，包括加装ALR-68雷达告警接收器、霍尼韦尔H-423激光陀螺仪惯性导航系统、GEC航空电子公司的CPU-143/A数字中央航空数据计算机，以及军用标准1553R数据链总线。
1989年7月，F-4ICE第二阶段首机完成，1991年11月22日首次发射AIM-120。1992年，首批6架飞机交付第71战斗机联队，但在当时AIM-120尚无法大量服役。F-4F两次被用来填补力量空缺：第一次是因为狂风战斗机进度延迟，而F-4F ICE的需求则是由于台风战斗机进度滞后。总共有JG71-74 四个联队装备了F-4 ICE。其中JG 73是个混编的单位，在帕邢空军基地同时装备了F-4和MIG-29。这种独特的状况一直持续到MIG-29支点被淘汰。
尽管有所局限，但F-4F ICE计划提供了廉价高效的拦截力量。除了空中平台的设计缺陷之外，F-4F ICE最大的弱点在于缺少IFF敌我识别系统和MIDS多功能信息分发系统。在超视距作战的情况下，必须依靠传统的语音联系方式联络空中预警指挥系统以对目标进行识别判断。同时，AIM-120B的获得数量有限（仅仅96枚，原因是德国已经订购了MBDA的流星，但后者在2013年之后才能入役），APG-65雷达也渐显落后，因而整体处于堪用的态势。
1992-94年，德国国防大臣Wolfang Ruhe（肯定打错了，是Wolfgang沃夫冈）重新评估了EFA项目，这引起关于德国空军未来的诸多争议。1994年底，已升级大约70架F-4F ICE，另外40架仍然在等待安装APG-65雷达，40架F-4未经升级但仍在役。持续的升级成本导致AIM-120的交付延迟。当时预期能够在2005年之前接收AIM-120，但只有购买96枚导弹的预算，以及288枚的期权。项目评估考虑终止F-4F升级计划，并采购例如MIG-29、F-15、F-16等新型战斗机以填补力量真空。该评估导致F-4F ICE项目的终结。缺少AMRAAM是个严重缺陷，因此MIG-29服役时间较原计划更长。
预计F-4F ICE将一直服役，直至2012年JG71获得台风战斗机。JG73已在2003年用台风战斗机取代了其所有的F--4F ICE，JG 74于2008年3月淘汰所有F-4F。 其余的F-4F在90年代到新世纪初之间被拆解，并未用新机代替。
12架F-4F最初升级双冗余飞控，但随后又解除了升级。1980-83年，F-4F机群安装了空中加油探头，在美国空军的加油机的支持下飞往加拿大和西班牙。所配备的AIM-9B由AIM-9L替换。
ICE（作战效能改进）计划于1983年启动，旨在升级F-4F的空战能力。主要包括采用APG-65火控雷达和AIM-120先进中程空空导弹，同时还有其他方面的改进。该计划原本针对75架F-4F的升级，但八十年代后期升级数量提高到110架。最初ICE升级的目的在于获得空中拦截力量，但实际上更多地是因为台风战斗机项目的延滞
ICE第一阶段开始于1989-1990年，包括加装ALR-68雷达告警接收器、霍尼韦尔H-423激光陀螺仪惯性导航系统、GEC航空电子公司的CPU-143/A数字中央航空数据计算机，以及军用标准1553R数据链总线。
1989年7月，F-4ICE第二阶段首机完成，1991年11月22日首次发射AIM-120。1992年，首批6架飞机交付第71战斗机联队，但在当时AIM-120尚无法大量服役。F-4F两次被用来填补力量空缺：第一次是因为狂风战斗机进度延迟，而F-4F ICE的需求则是由于台风战斗机进度滞后。总共有JG71-74 四个联队装备了F-4 ICE。其中JG 73是个混编的单位，在帕邢空军基地同时装备了F-4和MIG-29。这种独特的状况一直持续到MIG-29支点被淘汰。
尽管有所局限，但F-4F ICE计划提供了廉价高效的拦截力量。除了空中平台的设计缺陷之外，F-4F ICE最大的弱点在于缺少IFF敌我识别系统和MIDS多功能信息分发系统。在超视距作战的情况下，必须依靠传统的语音联系方式联络空中预警指挥系统以对目标进行识别判断。同时，AIM-120B的获得数量有限（仅仅96枚，原因是德国已经订购了MBDA的流星，但后者在2013年之后才能入役），APG-65雷达也渐显落后，因而整体处于堪用的态势。
1992-94年，德国国防大臣Wolfang Ruhe（肯定打错了，是Wolfgang沃夫冈）重新评估了EFA项目，这引起关于德国空军未来的诸多争议。1994年底，已升级大约70架F-4F ICE，另外40架仍然在等待安装APG-65雷达，40架F-4未经升级但仍在役。持续的升级成本导致AIM-120的交付延迟。当时预期能够在2005年之前接收AIM-120，但只有购买96枚导弹的预算，以及288枚的期权。项目评估考虑终止F-4F升级计划，并采购例如MIG-29、F-15、F-16等新型战斗机以填补力量真空。该评估导致F-4F ICE项目的终结。缺少AMRAAM是个严重缺陷，因此MIG-29服役时间较原计划更长。
预计F-4F ICE将一直服役，直至2012年JG71获得台风战斗机。JG73已在2003年用台风战斗机取代了其所有的F--4F ICE，JG 74于2008年3月淘汰所有F-4F。 其余的F-4F在90年代到新世纪初之间被拆解，并未用新机代替。
翻译和整理的筒子辛苦
google搜JG73
google搜JG73