超级军网自愈纺织品不仅能够自我修复，还能中和化学物质
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/29 14:36:00
研究人员开发了一项新的涂层技术，能够让传统纺织品具有自愈能力，而且涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意。
根据一个研究团队介绍，有一天，带有自愈涂层的纺织品制成的化学防护服，这层薄膜可以防止农民接触到有机磷酸酯农药，在化学或生物袭击战场上保护士兵，让工厂工人不受有毒物质意外泄露的伤害。
“时尚设计师所用的由蛋白质制成的天然纤维，如羊毛或丝绸，价格昂贵而且它们没有自愈能力，”工程科学与力学系教授梅利克C.德米雷尔说。“我们正在寻找一种方法，让传统纺织品具有自愈能力。因此，我们开发了这项涂层技术。”
程序很简单。将要涂覆的材料浸在一系列液体中，以创建一个材料层，形成一个自我修复，聚电解质的逐层涂覆涂层。
该涂料被置于“安全溶剂的环境条件下，如水中，利用的设备简单、规模适中，具有成本低的特点，”研究报告发表在今日（7月25日）出版的ACS应用材料和界面网络版上。
聚电解质涂层是由带正电荷的和带负电荷的聚合物组成的，在这种情况下，聚合物像那些鱿鱼的蛋白一样。
“目前，我们将整件衣服覆盖涂层，创造出先进的材料，”德米雷尔说，他也是哈克生命科学学院的研究人员。
在涂层过程中，酶将被注入涂层中。研究人员使用了尿素酶，这种酶能够将尿素分解成氨和二氧化碳，但是在商业应用上，涂层中会加入为其量身定制的酶（这种酶与特定的化学目标相匹配）。
“如果你需要利用酶的生物或化学作用，你可以将具有自愈特性的酶封装在胶囊中，在有毒物质接触皮肤之前就将它降解，”德米雷尔说。
许多有毒物质可以通过皮肤吸收。例如，有机磷酸酯农药，作为除草剂和杀虫剂，如果被皮肤吸收，可能导致致命的后果。一些化学物质也被用作神经制剂。涂有自愈膜（自愈膜中含有有机磷水解酶，这是能够分解有毒物质的一种酶，）的服装，可以降低对人的危害。聚合物在水中能够自愈，洗涤衣服的时候会修复涂层的宏观和微观缺陷，使衣物可以重新加以利用。
“涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意，”德米雷尔说。“即使非常轻薄，它们也增加了材料的整体强度。”
对于危险化学品的制造环境尤为必要，与适当的酶结合的涂层服装，可以防止意外的化学泄露。这些涂层将来在医疗上的应用，也可以帮助患者减少感染快速康复。
“这是我们首次制造自愈纺织品”德米雷尔说。
宾夕法尼亚州立大学电气工程和材料研究所附属公司的Srinivas Tadigadapa教授；生物工程研究生戴维 加德斯；以及工程科学和力学专业研究生Huihun Jung和Abdon Pena-Francesch也参与了这个项目的研究。
“英文原文”
Self-healing textiles not only repair themselves, but can neutralize chemicals
Someday, chemically protective suits made of fabric coated in self-healing, thin films may prevent farmers from exposure to organophosphate pesticides, soldiers from chemical or biological attacks in the field and factory workers from accidental releases of toxic materials, according to a team of researchers.
"Fashion designers use natural fibers made of proteins like wool or silk that are expensive and they are not self-healing," said Melik C. Demirel, professor of engineering science and mechanics. "We were looking for a way to make fabrics self-healing using conventional textiles. So we came up with this coating technology."
The procedure is simple. The material to be coated is dipped in a series of liquids to create layers of material to form a self-healing, polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer coating.
This coating is deposited "under ambient conditions in safe solvents, such as water, at low cost using simple equipment amenable to scale-up," the researchers report today (July 25) online in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
Polyelectrolyte coatings are made up of positively and negatively charged polymers, in this case polymers like those in squid ring teeth proteins.
"We currently dip the whole garment to create the advanced material," said Demirel, who is also a member of the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences.
During the layering, enzymes can be incorporated into the coating. The researchers used urease—the enzyme that breaks urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide—but in commercial use, the coating would be tailored with enzymes matched to the chemical being targeted.
"If you need to use enzymes for biological or chemical effects, you can have an encapsulated enzyme with self-healing properties degrade the toxin before it reaches the skin," said Demirel.
Many toxic substances can be absorbed through the skin. Organophosphates, for example, which are used as herbicides and insecticides are absorbed through the skin and can be lethal. Some of these chemicals have also been used as nerve agents. A garment coated with a self-healing film containing an organophosphate hydrolase, an enzyme that breaks down the toxic material, could limit exposure. The squid ring teeth polymer is self-healing in the presence of water, so laundering would repair micro and macro defects in the coating, making the garments rewearable and reusable.
"The coatings are thin, less than a micron, so they wouldn't be noticed in everyday wear," said Demirel. "Even thin, they increase the overall strength of the material."
For manufacturing environments where hazardous chemicals are necessary, clothing coated with the proper enzyme combination could protect against accidental chemical releases. Future use of these coatings in medical meshes could also help patients minimize infections for quick recovery.
"For the first time we are making self-healing textiles," said Demirel.
Also working on this project from Penn State were Srinivas Tadigadapa, professor of electrical engineering and affiliate of the Materials Research Institute; David Gaddes, graduate student in bioengineering; and Huihun Jung and Abdon Pena-Francesch, graduate students in engineering science and mechanics.研究人员开发了一项新的涂层技术，能够让传统纺织品具有自愈能力，而且涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意。
根据一个研究团队介绍，有一天，带有自愈涂层的纺织品制成的化学防护服，这层薄膜可以防止农民接触到有机磷酸酯农药，在化学或生物袭击战场上保护士兵，让工厂工人不受有毒物质意外泄露的伤害。
“时尚设计师所用的由蛋白质制成的天然纤维，如羊毛或丝绸，价格昂贵而且它们没有自愈能力，”工程科学与力学系教授梅利克C.德米雷尔说。“我们正在寻找一种方法，让传统纺织品具有自愈能力。因此，我们开发了这项涂层技术。”
程序很简单。将要涂覆的材料浸在一系列液体中，以创建一个材料层，形成一个自我修复，聚电解质的逐层涂覆涂层。
该涂料被置于“安全溶剂的环境条件下，如水中，利用的设备简单、规模适中，具有成本低的特点，”研究报告发表在今日（7月25日）出版的ACS应用材料和界面网络版上。
聚电解质涂层是由带正电荷的和带负电荷的聚合物组成的，在这种情况下，聚合物像那些鱿鱼的蛋白一样。
“目前，我们将整件衣服覆盖涂层，创造出先进的材料，”德米雷尔说，他也是哈克生命科学学院的研究人员。
在涂层过程中，酶将被注入涂层中。研究人员使用了尿素酶，这种酶能够将尿素分解成氨和二氧化碳，但是在商业应用上，涂层中会加入为其量身定制的酶（这种酶与特定的化学目标相匹配）。
“如果你需要利用酶的生物或化学作用，你可以将具有自愈特性的酶封装在胶囊中，在有毒物质接触皮肤之前就将它降解，”德米雷尔说。
许多有毒物质可以通过皮肤吸收。例如，有机磷酸酯农药，作为除草剂和杀虫剂，如果被皮肤吸收，可能导致致命的后果。一些化学物质也被用作神经制剂。涂有自愈膜（自愈膜中含有有机磷水解酶，这是能够分解有毒物质的一种酶，）的服装，可以降低对人的危害。聚合物在水中能够自愈，洗涤衣服的时候会修复涂层的宏观和微观缺陷，使衣物可以重新加以利用。
“涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意，”德米雷尔说。“即使非常轻薄，它们也增加了材料的整体强度。”
对于危险化学品的制造环境尤为必要，与适当的酶结合的涂层服装，可以防止意外的化学泄露。这些涂层将来在医疗上的应用，也可以帮助患者减少感染快速康复。
“这是我们首次制造自愈纺织品”德米雷尔说。
宾夕法尼亚州立大学电气工程和材料研究所附属公司的Srinivas Tadigadapa教授；生物工程研究生戴维 加德斯；以及工程科学和力学专业研究生Huihun Jung和Abdon Pena-Francesch也参与了这个项目的研究。
“英文原文”
Self-healing textiles not only repair themselves, but can neutralize chemicals
Someday, chemically protective suits made of fabric coated in self-healing, thin films may prevent farmers from exposure to organophosphate pesticides, soldiers from chemical or biological attacks in the field and factory workers from accidental releases of toxic materials, according to a team of researchers.
"Fashion designers use natural fibers made of proteins like wool or silk that are expensive and they are not self-healing," said Melik C. Demirel, professor of engineering science and mechanics. "We were looking for a way to make fabrics self-healing using conventional textiles. So we came up with this coating technology."
The procedure is simple. The material to be coated is dipped in a series of liquids to create layers of material to form a self-healing, polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer coating.
This coating is deposited "under ambient conditions in safe solvents, such as water, at low cost using simple equipment amenable to scale-up," the researchers report today (July 25) online in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
Polyelectrolyte coatings are made up of positively and negatively charged polymers, in this case polymers like those in squid ring teeth proteins.
"We currently dip the whole garment to create the advanced material," said Demirel, who is also a member of the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences.
During the layering, enzymes can be incorporated into the coating. The researchers used urease—the enzyme that breaks urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide—but in commercial use, the coating would be tailored with enzymes matched to the chemical being targeted.
"If you need to use enzymes for biological or chemical effects, you can have an encapsulated enzyme with self-healing properties degrade the toxin before it reaches the skin," said Demirel.
Many toxic substances can be absorbed through the skin. Organophosphates, for example, which are used as herbicides and insecticides are absorbed through the skin and can be lethal. Some of these chemicals have also been used as nerve agents. A garment coated with a self-healing film containing an organophosphate hydrolase, an enzyme that breaks down the toxic material, could limit exposure. The squid ring teeth polymer is self-healing in the presence of water, so laundering would repair micro and macro defects in the coating, making the garments rewearable and reusable.
"The coatings are thin, less than a micron, so they wouldn't be noticed in everyday wear," said Demirel. "Even thin, they increase the overall strength of the material."
For manufacturing environments where hazardous chemicals are necessary, clothing coated with the proper enzyme combination could protect against accidental chemical releases. Future use of these coatings in medical meshes could also help patients minimize infections for quick recovery.
"For the first time we are making self-healing textiles," said Demirel.
Also working on this project from Penn State were Srinivas Tadigadapa, professor of electrical engineering and affiliate of the Materials Research Institute; David Gaddes, graduate student in bioengineering; and Huihun Jung and Abdon Pena-Francesch, graduate students in engineering science and mechanics.
根据一个研究团队介绍，有一天，带有自愈涂层的纺织品制成的化学防护服，这层薄膜可以防止农民接触到有机磷酸酯农药，在化学或生物袭击战场上保护士兵，让工厂工人不受有毒物质意外泄露的伤害。
“时尚设计师所用的由蛋白质制成的天然纤维，如羊毛或丝绸，价格昂贵而且它们没有自愈能力，”工程科学与力学系教授梅利克C.德米雷尔说。“我们正在寻找一种方法，让传统纺织品具有自愈能力。因此，我们开发了这项涂层技术。”
程序很简单。将要涂覆的材料浸在一系列液体中，以创建一个材料层，形成一个自我修复，聚电解质的逐层涂覆涂层。
该涂料被置于“安全溶剂的环境条件下，如水中，利用的设备简单、规模适中，具有成本低的特点，”研究报告发表在今日（7月25日）出版的ACS应用材料和界面网络版上。
聚电解质涂层是由带正电荷的和带负电荷的聚合物组成的，在这种情况下，聚合物像那些鱿鱼的蛋白一样。
“目前，我们将整件衣服覆盖涂层，创造出先进的材料，”德米雷尔说，他也是哈克生命科学学院的研究人员。
在涂层过程中，酶将被注入涂层中。研究人员使用了尿素酶，这种酶能够将尿素分解成氨和二氧化碳，但是在商业应用上，涂层中会加入为其量身定制的酶（这种酶与特定的化学目标相匹配）。
“如果你需要利用酶的生物或化学作用，你可以将具有自愈特性的酶封装在胶囊中，在有毒物质接触皮肤之前就将它降解，”德米雷尔说。
许多有毒物质可以通过皮肤吸收。例如，有机磷酸酯农药，作为除草剂和杀虫剂，如果被皮肤吸收，可能导致致命的后果。一些化学物质也被用作神经制剂。涂有自愈膜（自愈膜中含有有机磷水解酶，这是能够分解有毒物质的一种酶，）的服装，可以降低对人的危害。聚合物在水中能够自愈，洗涤衣服的时候会修复涂层的宏观和微观缺陷，使衣物可以重新加以利用。
“涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意，”德米雷尔说。“即使非常轻薄，它们也增加了材料的整体强度。”
对于危险化学品的制造环境尤为必要，与适当的酶结合的涂层服装，可以防止意外的化学泄露。这些涂层将来在医疗上的应用，也可以帮助患者减少感染快速康复。
“这是我们首次制造自愈纺织品”德米雷尔说。
宾夕法尼亚州立大学电气工程和材料研究所附属公司的Srinivas Tadigadapa教授；生物工程研究生戴维 加德斯；以及工程科学和力学专业研究生Huihun Jung和Abdon Pena-Francesch也参与了这个项目的研究。
“英文原文”
Self-healing textiles not only repair themselves, but can neutralize chemicals
Someday, chemically protective suits made of fabric coated in self-healing, thin films may prevent farmers from exposure to organophosphate pesticides, soldiers from chemical or biological attacks in the field and factory workers from accidental releases of toxic materials, according to a team of researchers.
"Fashion designers use natural fibers made of proteins like wool or silk that are expensive and they are not self-healing," said Melik C. Demirel, professor of engineering science and mechanics. "We were looking for a way to make fabrics self-healing using conventional textiles. So we came up with this coating technology."
The procedure is simple. The material to be coated is dipped in a series of liquids to create layers of material to form a self-healing, polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer coating.
This coating is deposited "under ambient conditions in safe solvents, such as water, at low cost using simple equipment amenable to scale-up," the researchers report today (July 25) online in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
Polyelectrolyte coatings are made up of positively and negatively charged polymers, in this case polymers like those in squid ring teeth proteins.
"We currently dip the whole garment to create the advanced material," said Demirel, who is also a member of the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences.
During the layering, enzymes can be incorporated into the coating. The researchers used urease—the enzyme that breaks urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide—but in commercial use, the coating would be tailored with enzymes matched to the chemical being targeted.
"If you need to use enzymes for biological or chemical effects, you can have an encapsulated enzyme with self-healing properties degrade the toxin before it reaches the skin," said Demirel.
Many toxic substances can be absorbed through the skin. Organophosphates, for example, which are used as herbicides and insecticides are absorbed through the skin and can be lethal. Some of these chemicals have also been used as nerve agents. A garment coated with a self-healing film containing an organophosphate hydrolase, an enzyme that breaks down the toxic material, could limit exposure. The squid ring teeth polymer is self-healing in the presence of water, so laundering would repair micro and macro defects in the coating, making the garments rewearable and reusable.
"The coatings are thin, less than a micron, so they wouldn't be noticed in everyday wear," said Demirel. "Even thin, they increase the overall strength of the material."
For manufacturing environments where hazardous chemicals are necessary, clothing coated with the proper enzyme combination could protect against accidental chemical releases. Future use of these coatings in medical meshes could also help patients minimize infections for quick recovery.
"For the first time we are making self-healing textiles," said Demirel.
Also working on this project from Penn State were Srinivas Tadigadapa, professor of electrical engineering and affiliate of the Materials Research Institute; David Gaddes, graduate student in bioengineering; and Huihun Jung and Abdon Pena-Francesch, graduate students in engineering science and mechanics.研究人员开发了一项新的涂层技术，能够让传统纺织品具有自愈能力，而且涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意。
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根据一个研究团队介绍，有一天，带有自愈涂层的纺织品制成的化学防护服，这层薄膜可以防止农民接触到有机磷酸酯农药，在化学或生物袭击战场上保护士兵，让工厂工人不受有毒物质意外泄露的伤害。
“时尚设计师所用的由蛋白质制成的天然纤维，如羊毛或丝绸，价格昂贵而且它们没有自愈能力，”工程科学与力学系教授梅利克C.德米雷尔说。“我们正在寻找一种方法，让传统纺织品具有自愈能力。因此，我们开发了这项涂层技术。”
程序很简单。将要涂覆的材料浸在一系列液体中，以创建一个材料层，形成一个自我修复，聚电解质的逐层涂覆涂层。
该涂料被置于“安全溶剂的环境条件下，如水中，利用的设备简单、规模适中，具有成本低的特点，”研究报告发表在今日（7月25日）出版的ACS应用材料和界面网络版上。
聚电解质涂层是由带正电荷的和带负电荷的聚合物组成的，在这种情况下，聚合物像那些鱿鱼的蛋白一样。
“目前，我们将整件衣服覆盖涂层，创造出先进的材料，”德米雷尔说，他也是哈克生命科学学院的研究人员。
在涂层过程中，酶将被注入涂层中。研究人员使用了尿素酶，这种酶能够将尿素分解成氨和二氧化碳，但是在商业应用上，涂层中会加入为其量身定制的酶（这种酶与特定的化学目标相匹配）。
“如果你需要利用酶的生物或化学作用，你可以将具有自愈特性的酶封装在胶囊中，在有毒物质接触皮肤之前就将它降解，”德米雷尔说。
许多有毒物质可以通过皮肤吸收。例如，有机磷酸酯农药，作为除草剂和杀虫剂，如果被皮肤吸收，可能导致致命的后果。一些化学物质也被用作神经制剂。涂有自愈膜（自愈膜中含有有机磷水解酶，这是能够分解有毒物质的一种酶，）的服装，可以降低对人的危害。聚合物在水中能够自愈，洗涤衣服的时候会修复涂层的宏观和微观缺陷，使衣物可以重新加以利用。
“涂层非常薄，小于一微米，如果日常穿着不会引起别人注意，”德米雷尔说。“即使非常轻薄，它们也增加了材料的整体强度。”
对于危险化学品的制造环境尤为必要，与适当的酶结合的涂层服装，可以防止意外的化学泄露。这些涂层将来在医疗上的应用，也可以帮助患者减少感染快速康复。
“这是我们首次制造自愈纺织品”德米雷尔说。
宾夕法尼亚州立大学电气工程和材料研究所附属公司的Srinivas Tadigadapa教授；生物工程研究生戴维 加德斯；以及工程科学和力学专业研究生Huihun Jung和Abdon Pena-Francesch也参与了这个项目的研究。
“英文原文”
Self-healing textiles not only repair themselves, but can neutralize chemicals
Someday, chemically protective suits made of fabric coated in self-healing, thin films may prevent farmers from exposure to organophosphate pesticides, soldiers from chemical or biological attacks in the field and factory workers from accidental releases of toxic materials, according to a team of researchers.
"Fashion designers use natural fibers made of proteins like wool or silk that are expensive and they are not self-healing," said Melik C. Demirel, professor of engineering science and mechanics. "We were looking for a way to make fabrics self-healing using conventional textiles. So we came up with this coating technology."
The procedure is simple. The material to be coated is dipped in a series of liquids to create layers of material to form a self-healing, polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer coating.
This coating is deposited "under ambient conditions in safe solvents, such as water, at low cost using simple equipment amenable to scale-up," the researchers report today (July 25) online in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
Polyelectrolyte coatings are made up of positively and negatively charged polymers, in this case polymers like those in squid ring teeth proteins.
"We currently dip the whole garment to create the advanced material," said Demirel, who is also a member of the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences.
During the layering, enzymes can be incorporated into the coating. The researchers used urease—the enzyme that breaks urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide—but in commercial use, the coating would be tailored with enzymes matched to the chemical being targeted.
"If you need to use enzymes for biological or chemical effects, you can have an encapsulated enzyme with self-healing properties degrade the toxin before it reaches the skin," said Demirel.
Many toxic substances can be absorbed through the skin. Organophosphates, for example, which are used as herbicides and insecticides are absorbed through the skin and can be lethal. Some of these chemicals have also been used as nerve agents. A garment coated with a self-healing film containing an organophosphate hydrolase, an enzyme that breaks down the toxic material, could limit exposure. The squid ring teeth polymer is self-healing in the presence of water, so laundering would repair micro and macro defects in the coating, making the garments rewearable and reusable.
"The coatings are thin, less than a micron, so they wouldn't be noticed in everyday wear," said Demirel. "Even thin, they increase the overall strength of the material."
For manufacturing environments where hazardous chemicals are necessary, clothing coated with the proper enzyme combination could protect against accidental chemical releases. Future use of these coatings in medical meshes could also help patients minimize infections for quick recovery.
"For the first time we are making self-healing textiles," said Demirel.
Also working on this project from Penn State were Srinivas Tadigadapa, professor of electrical engineering and affiliate of the Materials Research Institute; David Gaddes, graduate student in bioengineering; and Huihun Jung and Abdon Pena-Francesch, graduate students in engineering science and mechanics.
看看，
小学的时候少年科学画报说，苏联发明了一种织物，可以自净，以后就没有下文，现在想起来，讲大话而已
小学的时候少年科学画报说，苏联发明了一种织物，可以自净，以后就没有下文，现在想起来，讲大话而已
zmic787 发表于 2016-7-30 00:42
看看，
小学的时候少年科学画报说，苏联发明了一种织物，可以自净，以后就没有下文，现在想起来，讲大 ...
自洁净和自我修复 似乎还不是一个概念
看看，
小学的时候少年科学画报说，苏联发明了一种织物，可以自净，以后就没有下文，现在想起来，讲大 ...
自洁净和自我修复 似乎还不是一个概念