超级军网DF-41试射的报道
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/29 19:54:54
8月6日, 移动式发射,仅仅2枚独立弹头,美方估计DF-41即将服役
Washington Free Beacon :
China conducted a flight test this month of its newest long-range missile that U.S. intelligence agencies say lofted two independently-targeted simulated nuclear warheads, according to defense officials.
The launch of the DF-41 road-mobile missile Aug. 6 was the fourth time the new intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) has been test-fired in three years, and indicates that the weapon capable of hitting U.S. cities with nuclear warheads is nearing deployment.
The DF-41, with a range of between 6,835 miles and 7,456 miles, is viewed by the Pentagon as Beijing’s most potent nuclear missile and one of several new long-range missiles in development or being deployed.
As with earlier DF-41 flight tests, Pentagon spokesmen had no direct comment. A defense official, however, told the Washington Free Beacon: “We do not comment on PRC weapons tests but we do monitor Chinese military modernization carefully.”
The Pentagon has said it expects the new missile to become operational as early as this year.
Deployment of the DF-41 also could coincide with China’s first patrols, slated to begin this year, of submarines armed with nuclear-tipped JL-2 missiles.
The Aug. 6 test is viewed as significant by U.S. intelligence agencies because it confirmed the DF-41’s multiple-warhead capability, said defense officials familiar with analyses of the test.
Rick Fisher, a senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center, said the repeated flight tests indicate the DF-41 is “nearing operational status.”
“The mobile and solid-fueled DF-41 will be the second MIRV-equipped ICBM to enter PLA Second Artillery Corps service after the currently deployed, liquid-fueled and silo-launched DF-5B,” Fisher said.
“The bottom line is that China potentially is beginning a new phase in which its nuclear warhead numbers will be increasing rapidly,” he said.
The Pentagon’s latest annual report on China’s military, published in May, stated that the DF-41 is “possibly capable of carrying MIRVs”—the acronym for multiple, independently-targetable reentry vehicles. The Pentagon calls the DF-41 the CSS-X-20 missile.
MIRVs (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles) are considered state-of-the-art nuclear warhead technology because their use vastly increases the potential killing power of a single missile.
The annual Pentagon report states that China’s missile force, called the Second Artillery Corps, “continues to modernize its nuclear forces by enhancing its silo-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and adding more survivable, mobile delivery systems.”
When deployed, the DF-41 is expected to significantly enhance China’s force of between 50 and 60 ICBMs that include DF-5, mobile DF-31, DF-31A, and submarine-launched JL-2 nuclear missiles.
Mark Stokes, a former Pentagon expert on China, said the DF-41 “marks a significant evolution in the Second Artillery’s force modernization program.”
“The DF-41 is one of a number of PLA ballistic missile systems in the advanced stages of research and development,” Stokes, now with the Project 2049 Institute, said. “Few details on deployment plans technical characteristics are currently available. Once fully operational, the DF-41 is expected to be the PLA’s most sophisticated ICBM to date.”
China’s first suspected multiple warhead flight test for the DF-41 was carried out in December 2014, when an unknown number of dummy warheads were thought to have been used. Earlier DF-41 flight tests took place in December 2013 and July 2012.
The new multiple-warhead missile is likely to renew debate over the size of China’s nuclear arsenal. Current U.S. intelligence estimates put the total number of Chinese warheads at around 240 warheads. Other analysts, however, say China’s warhead arsenal is far larger, with perhaps as many as 1,500 warheads, and base their assessments on the growing size of China’s missile forces, the addition of multiple warhead technology, and its large-scale nuclear material production capabilities.
The DF-41 is assessed by U.S. intelligence agencies as being able to carry up to 10 warheads on a single missile.
The location of the latest test was not disclosed. Past DF-41 flight tests, however, were carried out from the Wuzhai Missile and Space Testing facility, located about 250 miles southwest of Beijing.
Little is known publicly or within the U.S. government about China’s strategic nuclear arsenal, because Beijing has refused for decades to engage in international nuclear talks, fearing any discussion would reveal information that could undermine its deterrent forces.
The mobile DF-41 is considered especially lethal because it can be driven on roads and easily hidden prior to launch, making it difficult to target.
The Pentagon is developing a new system called Prompt Global Strike that will be designed to locate and destroy mobile missiles, along with other difficult-to-find targets, in 30 minutes or less.
According to a senior intelligence analyst with the Air Force National Air and Space Intelligence Center, China’s shift to multiple-warhead missiles is aimed at ensuring the survival of its nuclear deterrent.
“MIRVs provide operational flexibility that a single warhead does not,” Lee Fuell, an analyst for the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC), told the congressional U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission.
“Specifically, they enable more efficient targeting, allowing more targets to be hit with fewer missiles, more missiles to be employed per target, or a larger reserve of weapons held against contingency,” Fuell said.
China is expected to use a combination of three long-range missiles “as MIRVs become available, simultaneously increasing their ability to engage desired targets while holding a greater number of weapons in reserve.”
The China commission’s latest annual report stated the DF-41 could be deployed as early as 2015, and could carry up to 10 MIRVs with enough range “to target the entire continental United States.” The report added that the DF–5 and the DF–31A also are being modified to carry MIRVs.
Concerns over China’s multiple warhead missile attacks were heightened after Chinese state-run media in October 2013 published a report and graphic showing the effect of a submarine-launched, five-warhead nuclear strike on Los Angeles.
The series of articles made the alarming claim that Chinese nuclear attacks could kill up to 12 million Americans with blasts on the West Coast and deadly fallout that would then drift eastward.
China gained technology for launching multiple warheads from the United States during the Clinton administration. After the 1990s White House loosened controls on U.S. exports of satellite technology, American companies, including Motorola, Space Systems Loral, and Hughes Electronics gave China valuable missile know-how.
A classified report by NASIC dated Dec. 10, 1996, stated that China copied a multiple satellite launcher, called a “smart dispenser” from Motorola that allowed China to launch several Iridium satellites from a single Chinese rocket booster.
“An initial NASIC study determined that a minimally-modified [smart dispenser] stage could be used on a ballistic missile as a multiple-reentry vehicle, post-boost vehicle (PBV),” the report said.
Lockheed Martin was fined $13 million by the State Department in 2000 for improperly providing China with rocket motor technology used to maneuver multiple-warhead vehicles.
In addition to the DF-41, DF-31, DF-31A, and JL-2 long-range missiles, China also is developing a near long-range system called the DF-31B.
The Free Beacon first disclosed the DF-31B in October after it was flight tested on Sept. 25, 2014.
The DF-31B is also expected to carry multiple warheads.
A U.S.-based Chinese media outlet, Duowei News, reported last week that China is expected to show off the new DF-31B during a World War II anniversary ceremony in Beijing set for Sept. 3.
In addition to nuclear ballistic missiles, China is also developing maneuvering hypersonic strike vehicles that travel along the earth’s atmosphere and can avoid missile defenses.
China’s government had no immediate comment to the latest test.
In December, the Chinese Defense Ministry confirmed the DF-41 test saying it was a scientific exercise and was not targeting other countries.
Fisher, the China military expert, said the sharp increase in warheads is prompting new questions about whether China is seeking nuclear parity with the United States or eventually will opt for nuclear superiority.
Also, a larger warhead arsenal may signal China’s plans to jettison its self-declared defensive nuclear posture, and could signal that Beijing will eventually agree to coordinating nuclear strike plans against the United States with Russia, Fisher said.
“With their continued rapid development of multiple types of intercontinental, intermediate, and medium range nuclear missiles, it is clear that China and Russia have no intention of adopting the Obama administration’s dreams of achieving ‘nuclear zero,’” Fisher said.
“It is also time for the United States to reverse such policies that amount to unilateral disarmament and build a larger and more modern nuclear arsenal sufficient to deter both China and Russia.”8月6日, 移动式发射,仅仅2枚独立弹头,美方估计DF-41即将服役
Washington Free Beacon :
China conducted a flight test this month of its newest long-range missile that U.S. intelligence agencies say lofted two independently-targeted simulated nuclear warheads, according to defense officials.
The launch of the DF-41 road-mobile missile Aug. 6 was the fourth time the new intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) has been test-fired in three years, and indicates that the weapon capable of hitting U.S. cities with nuclear warheads is nearing deployment.
The DF-41, with a range of between 6,835 miles and 7,456 miles, is viewed by the Pentagon as Beijing’s most potent nuclear missile and one of several new long-range missiles in development or being deployed.
As with earlier DF-41 flight tests, Pentagon spokesmen had no direct comment. A defense official, however, told the Washington Free Beacon: “We do not comment on PRC weapons tests but we do monitor Chinese military modernization carefully.”
The Pentagon has said it expects the new missile to become operational as early as this year.
Deployment of the DF-41 also could coincide with China’s first patrols, slated to begin this year, of submarines armed with nuclear-tipped JL-2 missiles.
The Aug. 6 test is viewed as significant by U.S. intelligence agencies because it confirmed the DF-41’s multiple-warhead capability, said defense officials familiar with analyses of the test.
Rick Fisher, a senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center, said the repeated flight tests indicate the DF-41 is “nearing operational status.”
“The mobile and solid-fueled DF-41 will be the second MIRV-equipped ICBM to enter PLA Second Artillery Corps service after the currently deployed, liquid-fueled and silo-launched DF-5B,” Fisher said.
“The bottom line is that China potentially is beginning a new phase in which its nuclear warhead numbers will be increasing rapidly,” he said.
The Pentagon’s latest annual report on China’s military, published in May, stated that the DF-41 is “possibly capable of carrying MIRVs”—the acronym for multiple, independently-targetable reentry vehicles. The Pentagon calls the DF-41 the CSS-X-20 missile.
MIRVs (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles) are considered state-of-the-art nuclear warhead technology because their use vastly increases the potential killing power of a single missile.
The annual Pentagon report states that China’s missile force, called the Second Artillery Corps, “continues to modernize its nuclear forces by enhancing its silo-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and adding more survivable, mobile delivery systems.”
When deployed, the DF-41 is expected to significantly enhance China’s force of between 50 and 60 ICBMs that include DF-5, mobile DF-31, DF-31A, and submarine-launched JL-2 nuclear missiles.
Mark Stokes, a former Pentagon expert on China, said the DF-41 “marks a significant evolution in the Second Artillery’s force modernization program.”
“The DF-41 is one of a number of PLA ballistic missile systems in the advanced stages of research and development,” Stokes, now with the Project 2049 Institute, said. “Few details on deployment plans technical characteristics are currently available. Once fully operational, the DF-41 is expected to be the PLA’s most sophisticated ICBM to date.”
China’s first suspected multiple warhead flight test for the DF-41 was carried out in December 2014, when an unknown number of dummy warheads were thought to have been used. Earlier DF-41 flight tests took place in December 2013 and July 2012.
The new multiple-warhead missile is likely to renew debate over the size of China’s nuclear arsenal. Current U.S. intelligence estimates put the total number of Chinese warheads at around 240 warheads. Other analysts, however, say China’s warhead arsenal is far larger, with perhaps as many as 1,500 warheads, and base their assessments on the growing size of China’s missile forces, the addition of multiple warhead technology, and its large-scale nuclear material production capabilities.
The DF-41 is assessed by U.S. intelligence agencies as being able to carry up to 10 warheads on a single missile.
The location of the latest test was not disclosed. Past DF-41 flight tests, however, were carried out from the Wuzhai Missile and Space Testing facility, located about 250 miles southwest of Beijing.
Little is known publicly or within the U.S. government about China’s strategic nuclear arsenal, because Beijing has refused for decades to engage in international nuclear talks, fearing any discussion would reveal information that could undermine its deterrent forces.
The mobile DF-41 is considered especially lethal because it can be driven on roads and easily hidden prior to launch, making it difficult to target.
The Pentagon is developing a new system called Prompt Global Strike that will be designed to locate and destroy mobile missiles, along with other difficult-to-find targets, in 30 minutes or less.
According to a senior intelligence analyst with the Air Force National Air and Space Intelligence Center, China’s shift to multiple-warhead missiles is aimed at ensuring the survival of its nuclear deterrent.
“MIRVs provide operational flexibility that a single warhead does not,” Lee Fuell, an analyst for the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC), told the congressional U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission.
“Specifically, they enable more efficient targeting, allowing more targets to be hit with fewer missiles, more missiles to be employed per target, or a larger reserve of weapons held against contingency,” Fuell said.
China is expected to use a combination of three long-range missiles “as MIRVs become available, simultaneously increasing their ability to engage desired targets while holding a greater number of weapons in reserve.”
The China commission’s latest annual report stated the DF-41 could be deployed as early as 2015, and could carry up to 10 MIRVs with enough range “to target the entire continental United States.” The report added that the DF–5 and the DF–31A also are being modified to carry MIRVs.
Concerns over China’s multiple warhead missile attacks were heightened after Chinese state-run media in October 2013 published a report and graphic showing the effect of a submarine-launched, five-warhead nuclear strike on Los Angeles.
The series of articles made the alarming claim that Chinese nuclear attacks could kill up to 12 million Americans with blasts on the West Coast and deadly fallout that would then drift eastward.
China gained technology for launching multiple warheads from the United States during the Clinton administration. After the 1990s White House loosened controls on U.S. exports of satellite technology, American companies, including Motorola, Space Systems Loral, and Hughes Electronics gave China valuable missile know-how.
A classified report by NASIC dated Dec. 10, 1996, stated that China copied a multiple satellite launcher, called a “smart dispenser” from Motorola that allowed China to launch several Iridium satellites from a single Chinese rocket booster.
“An initial NASIC study determined that a minimally-modified [smart dispenser] stage could be used on a ballistic missile as a multiple-reentry vehicle, post-boost vehicle (PBV),” the report said.
Lockheed Martin was fined $13 million by the State Department in 2000 for improperly providing China with rocket motor technology used to maneuver multiple-warhead vehicles.
In addition to the DF-41, DF-31, DF-31A, and JL-2 long-range missiles, China also is developing a near long-range system called the DF-31B.
The Free Beacon first disclosed the DF-31B in October after it was flight tested on Sept. 25, 2014.
The DF-31B is also expected to carry multiple warheads.
A U.S.-based Chinese media outlet, Duowei News, reported last week that China is expected to show off the new DF-31B during a World War II anniversary ceremony in Beijing set for Sept. 3.
In addition to nuclear ballistic missiles, China is also developing maneuvering hypersonic strike vehicles that travel along the earth’s atmosphere and can avoid missile defenses.
China’s government had no immediate comment to the latest test.
In December, the Chinese Defense Ministry confirmed the DF-41 test saying it was a scientific exercise and was not targeting other countries.
Fisher, the China military expert, said the sharp increase in warheads is prompting new questions about whether China is seeking nuclear parity with the United States or eventually will opt for nuclear superiority.
Also, a larger warhead arsenal may signal China’s plans to jettison its self-declared defensive nuclear posture, and could signal that Beijing will eventually agree to coordinating nuclear strike plans against the United States with Russia, Fisher said.
“With their continued rapid development of multiple types of intercontinental, intermediate, and medium range nuclear missiles, it is clear that China and Russia have no intention of adopting the Obama administration’s dreams of achieving ‘nuclear zero,’” Fisher said.
“It is also time for the United States to reverse such policies that amount to unilateral disarmament and build a larger and more modern nuclear arsenal sufficient to deter both China and Russia.”
Washington Free Beacon :
China conducted a flight test this month of its newest long-range missile that U.S. intelligence agencies say lofted two independently-targeted simulated nuclear warheads, according to defense officials.
The launch of the DF-41 road-mobile missile Aug. 6 was the fourth time the new intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) has been test-fired in three years, and indicates that the weapon capable of hitting U.S. cities with nuclear warheads is nearing deployment.
The DF-41, with a range of between 6,835 miles and 7,456 miles, is viewed by the Pentagon as Beijing’s most potent nuclear missile and one of several new long-range missiles in development or being deployed.
As with earlier DF-41 flight tests, Pentagon spokesmen had no direct comment. A defense official, however, told the Washington Free Beacon: “We do not comment on PRC weapons tests but we do monitor Chinese military modernization carefully.”
The Pentagon has said it expects the new missile to become operational as early as this year.
Deployment of the DF-41 also could coincide with China’s first patrols, slated to begin this year, of submarines armed with nuclear-tipped JL-2 missiles.
The Aug. 6 test is viewed as significant by U.S. intelligence agencies because it confirmed the DF-41’s multiple-warhead capability, said defense officials familiar with analyses of the test.
Rick Fisher, a senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center, said the repeated flight tests indicate the DF-41 is “nearing operational status.”
“The mobile and solid-fueled DF-41 will be the second MIRV-equipped ICBM to enter PLA Second Artillery Corps service after the currently deployed, liquid-fueled and silo-launched DF-5B,” Fisher said.
“The bottom line is that China potentially is beginning a new phase in which its nuclear warhead numbers will be increasing rapidly,” he said.
The Pentagon’s latest annual report on China’s military, published in May, stated that the DF-41 is “possibly capable of carrying MIRVs”—the acronym for multiple, independently-targetable reentry vehicles. The Pentagon calls the DF-41 the CSS-X-20 missile.
MIRVs (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles) are considered state-of-the-art nuclear warhead technology because their use vastly increases the potential killing power of a single missile.
The annual Pentagon report states that China’s missile force, called the Second Artillery Corps, “continues to modernize its nuclear forces by enhancing its silo-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and adding more survivable, mobile delivery systems.”
When deployed, the DF-41 is expected to significantly enhance China’s force of between 50 and 60 ICBMs that include DF-5, mobile DF-31, DF-31A, and submarine-launched JL-2 nuclear missiles.
Mark Stokes, a former Pentagon expert on China, said the DF-41 “marks a significant evolution in the Second Artillery’s force modernization program.”
“The DF-41 is one of a number of PLA ballistic missile systems in the advanced stages of research and development,” Stokes, now with the Project 2049 Institute, said. “Few details on deployment plans technical characteristics are currently available. Once fully operational, the DF-41 is expected to be the PLA’s most sophisticated ICBM to date.”
China’s first suspected multiple warhead flight test for the DF-41 was carried out in December 2014, when an unknown number of dummy warheads were thought to have been used. Earlier DF-41 flight tests took place in December 2013 and July 2012.
The new multiple-warhead missile is likely to renew debate over the size of China’s nuclear arsenal. Current U.S. intelligence estimates put the total number of Chinese warheads at around 240 warheads. Other analysts, however, say China’s warhead arsenal is far larger, with perhaps as many as 1,500 warheads, and base their assessments on the growing size of China’s missile forces, the addition of multiple warhead technology, and its large-scale nuclear material production capabilities.
The DF-41 is assessed by U.S. intelligence agencies as being able to carry up to 10 warheads on a single missile.
The location of the latest test was not disclosed. Past DF-41 flight tests, however, were carried out from the Wuzhai Missile and Space Testing facility, located about 250 miles southwest of Beijing.
Little is known publicly or within the U.S. government about China’s strategic nuclear arsenal, because Beijing has refused for decades to engage in international nuclear talks, fearing any discussion would reveal information that could undermine its deterrent forces.
The mobile DF-41 is considered especially lethal because it can be driven on roads and easily hidden prior to launch, making it difficult to target.
The Pentagon is developing a new system called Prompt Global Strike that will be designed to locate and destroy mobile missiles, along with other difficult-to-find targets, in 30 minutes or less.
According to a senior intelligence analyst with the Air Force National Air and Space Intelligence Center, China’s shift to multiple-warhead missiles is aimed at ensuring the survival of its nuclear deterrent.
“MIRVs provide operational flexibility that a single warhead does not,” Lee Fuell, an analyst for the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC), told the congressional U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission.
“Specifically, they enable more efficient targeting, allowing more targets to be hit with fewer missiles, more missiles to be employed per target, or a larger reserve of weapons held against contingency,” Fuell said.
China is expected to use a combination of three long-range missiles “as MIRVs become available, simultaneously increasing their ability to engage desired targets while holding a greater number of weapons in reserve.”
The China commission’s latest annual report stated the DF-41 could be deployed as early as 2015, and could carry up to 10 MIRVs with enough range “to target the entire continental United States.” The report added that the DF–5 and the DF–31A also are being modified to carry MIRVs.
Concerns over China’s multiple warhead missile attacks were heightened after Chinese state-run media in October 2013 published a report and graphic showing the effect of a submarine-launched, five-warhead nuclear strike on Los Angeles.
The series of articles made the alarming claim that Chinese nuclear attacks could kill up to 12 million Americans with blasts on the West Coast and deadly fallout that would then drift eastward.
China gained technology for launching multiple warheads from the United States during the Clinton administration. After the 1990s White House loosened controls on U.S. exports of satellite technology, American companies, including Motorola, Space Systems Loral, and Hughes Electronics gave China valuable missile know-how.
A classified report by NASIC dated Dec. 10, 1996, stated that China copied a multiple satellite launcher, called a “smart dispenser” from Motorola that allowed China to launch several Iridium satellites from a single Chinese rocket booster.
“An initial NASIC study determined that a minimally-modified [smart dispenser] stage could be used on a ballistic missile as a multiple-reentry vehicle, post-boost vehicle (PBV),” the report said.
Lockheed Martin was fined $13 million by the State Department in 2000 for improperly providing China with rocket motor technology used to maneuver multiple-warhead vehicles.
In addition to the DF-41, DF-31, DF-31A, and JL-2 long-range missiles, China also is developing a near long-range system called the DF-31B.
The Free Beacon first disclosed the DF-31B in October after it was flight tested on Sept. 25, 2014.
The DF-31B is also expected to carry multiple warheads.
A U.S.-based Chinese media outlet, Duowei News, reported last week that China is expected to show off the new DF-31B during a World War II anniversary ceremony in Beijing set for Sept. 3.
In addition to nuclear ballistic missiles, China is also developing maneuvering hypersonic strike vehicles that travel along the earth’s atmosphere and can avoid missile defenses.
China’s government had no immediate comment to the latest test.
In December, the Chinese Defense Ministry confirmed the DF-41 test saying it was a scientific exercise and was not targeting other countries.
Fisher, the China military expert, said the sharp increase in warheads is prompting new questions about whether China is seeking nuclear parity with the United States or eventually will opt for nuclear superiority.
Also, a larger warhead arsenal may signal China’s plans to jettison its self-declared defensive nuclear posture, and could signal that Beijing will eventually agree to coordinating nuclear strike plans against the United States with Russia, Fisher said.
“With their continued rapid development of multiple types of intercontinental, intermediate, and medium range nuclear missiles, it is clear that China and Russia have no intention of adopting the Obama administration’s dreams of achieving ‘nuclear zero,’” Fisher said.
“It is also time for the United States to reverse such policies that amount to unilateral disarmament and build a larger and more modern nuclear arsenal sufficient to deter both China and Russia.”8月6日, 移动式发射,仅仅2枚独立弹头,美方估计DF-41即将服役
Washington Free Beacon :
China conducted a flight test this month of its newest long-range missile that U.S. intelligence agencies say lofted two independently-targeted simulated nuclear warheads, according to defense officials.
The launch of the DF-41 road-mobile missile Aug. 6 was the fourth time the new intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) has been test-fired in three years, and indicates that the weapon capable of hitting U.S. cities with nuclear warheads is nearing deployment.
The DF-41, with a range of between 6,835 miles and 7,456 miles, is viewed by the Pentagon as Beijing’s most potent nuclear missile and one of several new long-range missiles in development or being deployed.
As with earlier DF-41 flight tests, Pentagon spokesmen had no direct comment. A defense official, however, told the Washington Free Beacon: “We do not comment on PRC weapons tests but we do monitor Chinese military modernization carefully.”
The Pentagon has said it expects the new missile to become operational as early as this year.
Deployment of the DF-41 also could coincide with China’s first patrols, slated to begin this year, of submarines armed with nuclear-tipped JL-2 missiles.
The Aug. 6 test is viewed as significant by U.S. intelligence agencies because it confirmed the DF-41’s multiple-warhead capability, said defense officials familiar with analyses of the test.
Rick Fisher, a senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center, said the repeated flight tests indicate the DF-41 is “nearing operational status.”
“The mobile and solid-fueled DF-41 will be the second MIRV-equipped ICBM to enter PLA Second Artillery Corps service after the currently deployed, liquid-fueled and silo-launched DF-5B,” Fisher said.
“The bottom line is that China potentially is beginning a new phase in which its nuclear warhead numbers will be increasing rapidly,” he said.
The Pentagon’s latest annual report on China’s military, published in May, stated that the DF-41 is “possibly capable of carrying MIRVs”—the acronym for multiple, independently-targetable reentry vehicles. The Pentagon calls the DF-41 the CSS-X-20 missile.
MIRVs (Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles) are considered state-of-the-art nuclear warhead technology because their use vastly increases the potential killing power of a single missile.
The annual Pentagon report states that China’s missile force, called the Second Artillery Corps, “continues to modernize its nuclear forces by enhancing its silo-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and adding more survivable, mobile delivery systems.”
When deployed, the DF-41 is expected to significantly enhance China’s force of between 50 and 60 ICBMs that include DF-5, mobile DF-31, DF-31A, and submarine-launched JL-2 nuclear missiles.
Mark Stokes, a former Pentagon expert on China, said the DF-41 “marks a significant evolution in the Second Artillery’s force modernization program.”
“The DF-41 is one of a number of PLA ballistic missile systems in the advanced stages of research and development,” Stokes, now with the Project 2049 Institute, said. “Few details on deployment plans technical characteristics are currently available. Once fully operational, the DF-41 is expected to be the PLA’s most sophisticated ICBM to date.”
China’s first suspected multiple warhead flight test for the DF-41 was carried out in December 2014, when an unknown number of dummy warheads were thought to have been used. Earlier DF-41 flight tests took place in December 2013 and July 2012.
The new multiple-warhead missile is likely to renew debate over the size of China’s nuclear arsenal. Current U.S. intelligence estimates put the total number of Chinese warheads at around 240 warheads. Other analysts, however, say China’s warhead arsenal is far larger, with perhaps as many as 1,500 warheads, and base their assessments on the growing size of China’s missile forces, the addition of multiple warhead technology, and its large-scale nuclear material production capabilities.
The DF-41 is assessed by U.S. intelligence agencies as being able to carry up to 10 warheads on a single missile.
The location of the latest test was not disclosed. Past DF-41 flight tests, however, were carried out from the Wuzhai Missile and Space Testing facility, located about 250 miles southwest of Beijing.
Little is known publicly or within the U.S. government about China’s strategic nuclear arsenal, because Beijing has refused for decades to engage in international nuclear talks, fearing any discussion would reveal information that could undermine its deterrent forces.
The mobile DF-41 is considered especially lethal because it can be driven on roads and easily hidden prior to launch, making it difficult to target.
The Pentagon is developing a new system called Prompt Global Strike that will be designed to locate and destroy mobile missiles, along with other difficult-to-find targets, in 30 minutes or less.
According to a senior intelligence analyst with the Air Force National Air and Space Intelligence Center, China’s shift to multiple-warhead missiles is aimed at ensuring the survival of its nuclear deterrent.
“MIRVs provide operational flexibility that a single warhead does not,” Lee Fuell, an analyst for the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC), told the congressional U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission.
“Specifically, they enable more efficient targeting, allowing more targets to be hit with fewer missiles, more missiles to be employed per target, or a larger reserve of weapons held against contingency,” Fuell said.
China is expected to use a combination of three long-range missiles “as MIRVs become available, simultaneously increasing their ability to engage desired targets while holding a greater number of weapons in reserve.”
The China commission’s latest annual report stated the DF-41 could be deployed as early as 2015, and could carry up to 10 MIRVs with enough range “to target the entire continental United States.” The report added that the DF–5 and the DF–31A also are being modified to carry MIRVs.
Concerns over China’s multiple warhead missile attacks were heightened after Chinese state-run media in October 2013 published a report and graphic showing the effect of a submarine-launched, five-warhead nuclear strike on Los Angeles.
The series of articles made the alarming claim that Chinese nuclear attacks could kill up to 12 million Americans with blasts on the West Coast and deadly fallout that would then drift eastward.
China gained technology for launching multiple warheads from the United States during the Clinton administration. After the 1990s White House loosened controls on U.S. exports of satellite technology, American companies, including Motorola, Space Systems Loral, and Hughes Electronics gave China valuable missile know-how.
A classified report by NASIC dated Dec. 10, 1996, stated that China copied a multiple satellite launcher, called a “smart dispenser” from Motorola that allowed China to launch several Iridium satellites from a single Chinese rocket booster.
“An initial NASIC study determined that a minimally-modified [smart dispenser] stage could be used on a ballistic missile as a multiple-reentry vehicle, post-boost vehicle (PBV),” the report said.
Lockheed Martin was fined $13 million by the State Department in 2000 for improperly providing China with rocket motor technology used to maneuver multiple-warhead vehicles.
In addition to the DF-41, DF-31, DF-31A, and JL-2 long-range missiles, China also is developing a near long-range system called the DF-31B.
The Free Beacon first disclosed the DF-31B in October after it was flight tested on Sept. 25, 2014.
The DF-31B is also expected to carry multiple warheads.
A U.S.-based Chinese media outlet, Duowei News, reported last week that China is expected to show off the new DF-31B during a World War II anniversary ceremony in Beijing set for Sept. 3.
In addition to nuclear ballistic missiles, China is also developing maneuvering hypersonic strike vehicles that travel along the earth’s atmosphere and can avoid missile defenses.
China’s government had no immediate comment to the latest test.
In December, the Chinese Defense Ministry confirmed the DF-41 test saying it was a scientific exercise and was not targeting other countries.
Fisher, the China military expert, said the sharp increase in warheads is prompting new questions about whether China is seeking nuclear parity with the United States or eventually will opt for nuclear superiority.
Also, a larger warhead arsenal may signal China’s plans to jettison its self-declared defensive nuclear posture, and could signal that Beijing will eventually agree to coordinating nuclear strike plans against the United States with Russia, Fisher said.
“With their continued rapid development of multiple types of intercontinental, intermediate, and medium range nuclear missiles, it is clear that China and Russia have no intention of adopting the Obama administration’s dreams of achieving ‘nuclear zero,’” Fisher said.
“It is also time for the United States to reverse such policies that amount to unilateral disarmament and build a larger and more modern nuclear arsenal sufficient to deter both China and Russia.”
哇塞！不会就我能上超大吧？二楼都是空的！
人生遥控器 发表于 2015-8-19 21:02
哇塞！不会就我能上超大吧？二楼都是空的！
不是
哇塞！不会就我能上超大吧？二楼都是空的！
不是
华盛顿自由灯塔：
中国本月初进行的，美国情报机构说，放样两个独立的针对性模拟核弹头其最新的远程导弹的飞行试验，根据国防官员。
8月6日推出的DF-41公路机动导弹是第四次了新的洲际弹道导弹（ICBM）已经试射了三年，并表示可以打到美国的核弹头城市的武器已接近部署。
在DF-41，射程6835英里和7456英里之间，由五角大楼视为北京最有效的核导弹和几个新的远程导弹开发一种或正在部署。
与早期的DF-41的飞行试验，美国五角大楼发言人没有直接评论。辩护官员，然而，告诉华盛顿自由灯塔：“我们不会对中国武器试验发表评论，但我们确实认真监督中国的军事现代化。”
五角大楼曾表示，预计新导弹投入运作，早在今年。
在DF-41的部署也可以与中国的第一次巡逻，将于今年开始潜艇装备有核弹头的JL-2导弹，不谋而合。
8月6日的测试被认为是美国情报机构显著，因为它证实了DF-41的多弹头的能力，称国防官员熟悉考试的分析。
里克·费舍尔，在国际评估和战略中心资深研究员表示，重复飞行试验表明DF-41“已经接近运行状态”。
“移动和固体燃料的DF-41将成为第二个MIRV配备洲际导弹后进入解放军二炮服务当前部署的，液体燃料和发射井发射的DF-5B，”费舍尔说。
“底线是，中国可能正在开始一个新的阶段中，其核弹头数量将迅速增加，”他说。
五角大楼最新的中国军力年度报告，发表在五月中指出，DF-41是“可能能够携带MIRVs的”诚，缩写为多个独立-靶向再入飞行器。五角大楼称的DF-41的CSS-X-20导弹。
MIRVs（多弹头分导再入飞行器）被认为是国家的最先进的核弹头的技术，因为它们的使用大大提高了一枚导弹的潜在杀伤力。
一年一度的五角大楼报告指出，中国的导弹部队，称为二炮“将继续通过加强其井基洲际弹道导弹（洲际弹道导弹），并增加更多的生存能力，移动传输系统，以现代化其核力量。”
当部署时，DF-41预计显著提高50至60枚洲际弹道导弹，其中包括DF-5，移动DF-31，DF-31A和潜艇发射的JL-2核导弹中国的力量。
马克·斯托克斯，在中国前五角大楼专家称，DF-41“标志着二炮的力量现代化计划一个显著的演变。”
“的DF-41是一批解放军弹道导弹系统的研究和开发的高级阶段，”斯托克斯，现在用2049项目研究所称。 “在部署计划的细节很少的技术特点目前已经上市。一旦完全投入使用，DF-41有望成为解放军最先进的洲际弹道导弹是最新的。“
中国首个涉嫌多弹头飞行试验的DF-41进行了在2014年12月，当被认为数目不详的假弹头已被使用。此前DF-41的飞行测试于2013年12月和2012年7月举行。
新型多弹头导弹很可能延续争论中国的核武库的规模。目前美国情报估计，中国核弹头总数约240枚核弹头。其他分析家，然而，说中国的核弹头武器库规模要大得多，也许多达1500枚核弹头，并根据他们的评估，中国的导弹部队，增加了多弹头技术，以及其大规模的核材料生产能力的规模不断壮大。
在DF-41是由美国情报机构评估为能够携带多达10枚弹头的一枚导弹。
未披露的最新测试的位置。过去的DF-41飞行试验，但是，从五寨的导弹和航天测试设施，位于北京西南约250英里进行。
鲜为人知的是公开或美国政府对中国的战略核武库中，因为北京已经拒绝了数十年从事国际核谈判，担心任何讨论就会发现，可能会破坏其威慑力量的信息。
移动的DF-41被认为是特别致命的，因为它可以在路上行驶的和容易在发射之前隐藏，因此难以定位。
五角大楼正在开发一种名为快速全球打击将设计定位和摧毁机动导弹的新系统，以及其他难以寻找目标，在30分钟以内。
据一位资深情报分析员与空军国家航空航天情报中心，中国的转移到多弹头导弹的目的是确保其核威慑力量的生存。
“MIRVs提供业务灵活性，单弹头没有，”一位分析师对美国国家航空航天情报中心（NASIC）李Fuell，告诉国会美中中国经济与安全审查委员会。
“具体而言，他们能够更有效地定位，让更多的目标，以较少的导弹，更多的导弹每个目标所采用，或对持有武器偶然性较大的储备被击中，”Fuell说。
中国预计将使用三种远程导弹的结合“作为MIRVs变得可用，同时提高他们的参与预期的目标，同时持有更多数量的储备武器的能力。”
在中国委员会的最新年度报告中阐明的DF-41可能早在2015年部署，并能携带多达10 MIRVs有足够的范围内“为目标的整个美国大陆。”该报告补充说，DF-5和DF -31A也正在修改进行MIRVs。
担忧中国的多弹头导弹袭击中国国营媒体后加剧了2013年10月发表的报告和图形显示潜射，五弹头洛杉矶核打击的效果。
本系列文章所取得的惊人宣称，中国的核攻击可以杀死高达1200万美国人在西海岸爆炸和致命的后果，将漂移，然后向东。
中国获得了技术，推出从美国多弹头克林顿执政期间。 20世纪90年代后，白宫放宽对美国出口卫星技术，美国公司，其中包括摩托罗拉，空间系统劳拉控制和休斯电子给中国的宝贵导弹诀窍。
日期1996年12月10日通过NASIC一个机密报告中指出，中国复制一个多卫星发射，被称为是允许中国推出几款铱卫星从一个中国的火箭助推器的“智能饮水机”摩托罗拉。
“最初NASIC研究确定一个最低限度改性[智能饮水机]阶段可能在弹道导弹作为多再入飞行器使用，后提升车辆（PBV），”报告说。
洛克希德·马丁公司被罚款13000000美元由国务院在2000年不当向中国提供用于机动式多弹头火箭车电机技术。
除了DF-41，DF-31，DF-31A，和JL-2远程导弹，中国还正在开发一个近远程系统，称为DF-31B。
自由灯塔率先披露DF-31B进入10月份以后它飞行在2014年9月25日测试。
该DF-31B预计也将携带多弹头。
总部设在美国中国媒体的出口，多维新闻，上周报道，中国预计将在北京集中的二战纪念仪式，9月3日炫耀新型的DF-31B。
除了核弹道导弹，中国还在研发高超声速机动车辆罢工沿着地球的大气层旅行和避免导弹防御系统。
中国政府没有立即发表评论最新测试。
在12月，中国国防部证实了DF-41试验说这是一个科学的锻炼和不针对其他国家。
费舍尔，中国军事专家表示，在弹头的急剧增加是促使中国是否正在寻求与美国的核均势，最终还是会选择核优势的新问题。
此外，更大的弹头军火库可能预示着中国的计划抛弃其自我防御申报核态势，并可能预示着北京将最终同意协调对美国与俄罗斯核打击计划，费舍尔说。
“随着多种类型的洲际，中级和中程核导弹的持续高速发展，很明显，中国和俄罗斯不打算采用实现奥巴马政府的梦想”零核电“，”费舍尔说。
“这也是时间美国扭转这种政策，金额单方面裁军和建立一个更大，更现代化的核武库足以威慑中国和俄罗斯。”
中国本月初进行的，美国情报机构说，放样两个独立的针对性模拟核弹头其最新的远程导弹的飞行试验，根据国防官员。
8月6日推出的DF-41公路机动导弹是第四次了新的洲际弹道导弹（ICBM）已经试射了三年，并表示可以打到美国的核弹头城市的武器已接近部署。
在DF-41，射程6835英里和7456英里之间，由五角大楼视为北京最有效的核导弹和几个新的远程导弹开发一种或正在部署。
与早期的DF-41的飞行试验，美国五角大楼发言人没有直接评论。辩护官员，然而，告诉华盛顿自由灯塔：“我们不会对中国武器试验发表评论，但我们确实认真监督中国的军事现代化。”
五角大楼曾表示，预计新导弹投入运作，早在今年。
在DF-41的部署也可以与中国的第一次巡逻，将于今年开始潜艇装备有核弹头的JL-2导弹，不谋而合。
8月6日的测试被认为是美国情报机构显著，因为它证实了DF-41的多弹头的能力，称国防官员熟悉考试的分析。
里克·费舍尔，在国际评估和战略中心资深研究员表示，重复飞行试验表明DF-41“已经接近运行状态”。
“移动和固体燃料的DF-41将成为第二个MIRV配备洲际导弹后进入解放军二炮服务当前部署的，液体燃料和发射井发射的DF-5B，”费舍尔说。
“底线是，中国可能正在开始一个新的阶段中，其核弹头数量将迅速增加，”他说。
五角大楼最新的中国军力年度报告，发表在五月中指出，DF-41是“可能能够携带MIRVs的”诚，缩写为多个独立-靶向再入飞行器。五角大楼称的DF-41的CSS-X-20导弹。
MIRVs（多弹头分导再入飞行器）被认为是国家的最先进的核弹头的技术，因为它们的使用大大提高了一枚导弹的潜在杀伤力。
一年一度的五角大楼报告指出，中国的导弹部队，称为二炮“将继续通过加强其井基洲际弹道导弹（洲际弹道导弹），并增加更多的生存能力，移动传输系统，以现代化其核力量。”
当部署时，DF-41预计显著提高50至60枚洲际弹道导弹，其中包括DF-5，移动DF-31，DF-31A和潜艇发射的JL-2核导弹中国的力量。
马克·斯托克斯，在中国前五角大楼专家称，DF-41“标志着二炮的力量现代化计划一个显著的演变。”
“的DF-41是一批解放军弹道导弹系统的研究和开发的高级阶段，”斯托克斯，现在用2049项目研究所称。 “在部署计划的细节很少的技术特点目前已经上市。一旦完全投入使用，DF-41有望成为解放军最先进的洲际弹道导弹是最新的。“
中国首个涉嫌多弹头飞行试验的DF-41进行了在2014年12月，当被认为数目不详的假弹头已被使用。此前DF-41的飞行测试于2013年12月和2012年7月举行。
新型多弹头导弹很可能延续争论中国的核武库的规模。目前美国情报估计，中国核弹头总数约240枚核弹头。其他分析家，然而，说中国的核弹头武器库规模要大得多，也许多达1500枚核弹头，并根据他们的评估，中国的导弹部队，增加了多弹头技术，以及其大规模的核材料生产能力的规模不断壮大。
在DF-41是由美国情报机构评估为能够携带多达10枚弹头的一枚导弹。
未披露的最新测试的位置。过去的DF-41飞行试验，但是，从五寨的导弹和航天测试设施，位于北京西南约250英里进行。
鲜为人知的是公开或美国政府对中国的战略核武库中，因为北京已经拒绝了数十年从事国际核谈判，担心任何讨论就会发现，可能会破坏其威慑力量的信息。
移动的DF-41被认为是特别致命的，因为它可以在路上行驶的和容易在发射之前隐藏，因此难以定位。
五角大楼正在开发一种名为快速全球打击将设计定位和摧毁机动导弹的新系统，以及其他难以寻找目标，在30分钟以内。
据一位资深情报分析员与空军国家航空航天情报中心，中国的转移到多弹头导弹的目的是确保其核威慑力量的生存。
“MIRVs提供业务灵活性，单弹头没有，”一位分析师对美国国家航空航天情报中心（NASIC）李Fuell，告诉国会美中中国经济与安全审查委员会。
“具体而言，他们能够更有效地定位，让更多的目标，以较少的导弹，更多的导弹每个目标所采用，或对持有武器偶然性较大的储备被击中，”Fuell说。
中国预计将使用三种远程导弹的结合“作为MIRVs变得可用，同时提高他们的参与预期的目标，同时持有更多数量的储备武器的能力。”
在中国委员会的最新年度报告中阐明的DF-41可能早在2015年部署，并能携带多达10 MIRVs有足够的范围内“为目标的整个美国大陆。”该报告补充说，DF-5和DF -31A也正在修改进行MIRVs。
担忧中国的多弹头导弹袭击中国国营媒体后加剧了2013年10月发表的报告和图形显示潜射，五弹头洛杉矶核打击的效果。
本系列文章所取得的惊人宣称，中国的核攻击可以杀死高达1200万美国人在西海岸爆炸和致命的后果，将漂移，然后向东。
中国获得了技术，推出从美国多弹头克林顿执政期间。 20世纪90年代后，白宫放宽对美国出口卫星技术，美国公司，其中包括摩托罗拉，空间系统劳拉控制和休斯电子给中国的宝贵导弹诀窍。
日期1996年12月10日通过NASIC一个机密报告中指出，中国复制一个多卫星发射，被称为是允许中国推出几款铱卫星从一个中国的火箭助推器的“智能饮水机”摩托罗拉。
“最初NASIC研究确定一个最低限度改性[智能饮水机]阶段可能在弹道导弹作为多再入飞行器使用，后提升车辆（PBV），”报告说。
洛克希德·马丁公司被罚款13000000美元由国务院在2000年不当向中国提供用于机动式多弹头火箭车电机技术。
除了DF-41，DF-31，DF-31A，和JL-2远程导弹，中国还正在开发一个近远程系统，称为DF-31B。
自由灯塔率先披露DF-31B进入10月份以后它飞行在2014年9月25日测试。
该DF-31B预计也将携带多弹头。
总部设在美国中国媒体的出口，多维新闻，上周报道，中国预计将在北京集中的二战纪念仪式，9月3日炫耀新型的DF-31B。
除了核弹道导弹，中国还在研发高超声速机动车辆罢工沿着地球的大气层旅行和避免导弹防御系统。
中国政府没有立即发表评论最新测试。
在12月，中国国防部证实了DF-41试验说这是一个科学的锻炼和不针对其他国家。
费舍尔，中国军事专家表示，在弹头的急剧增加是促使中国是否正在寻求与美国的核均势，最终还是会选择核优势的新问题。
此外，更大的弹头军火库可能预示着中国的计划抛弃其自我防御申报核态势，并可能预示着北京将最终同意协调对美国与俄罗斯核打击计划，费舍尔说。
“随着多种类型的洲际，中级和中程核导弹的持续高速发展，很明显，中国和俄罗斯不打算采用实现奥巴马政府的梦想”零核电“，”费舍尔说。
“这也是时间美国扭转这种政策，金额单方面裁军和建立一个更大，更现代化的核武库足以威慑中国和俄罗斯。”