[开坑] 40张地图带你了解一战

原文在 http://www.vox.com/a/world-war-i-maps
非常好
图文并茂
我打算在3-5天内每天翻译一点
纪念一战100周年
译言/ 超级大本营首发
有任何问题请联系 aaimecn@gmail.com :)

40 maps that explain World War I
40张地图带你了解一战

by Zack Beauchamp, Timothy B. Lee and Matthew Yglesias on August 4, 2014

由Zack Beauchamp, Timothy B. Lee and Matthew Yglesias ，2014年8月4日

One hundred years ago today, on August 4, 2014,
German troops began pouring over the border into Belgium,
starting the first major battle of World War I.
The Great War killed 10 million people, redrew the map of Europe,
and marked the rise of the United States as a global power.
Here are 40 maps that explain the conflict — why it started, how the Allies won, and why the world has never been the same.


100年前的几天， 2014年8月4日
德国军队开始涌向比利时边境
开始了第一次世界大战的第一次主要战役
约1000万人在这次世界大战中丧命，并且重新划分了欧洲版图
标志着美国作为世界力量的崛起
下面我们用40张地图在展现这场冲突...它是如何爆发的 ，同盟国是如何取得胜利的...还有世界是如何从此变得不同的。。。





European alliances in 1914
1914年的欧洲联盟
Immediately prior to the war's outbreak in 1914, Central Europe was dominated by two powerful states:
Germany to the north and its weaker cousin, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to the South.
The two countries formed the core of the Central Powers, also known as the Quadruple Alliance because they were joined after war began by Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (modern Turkey).
The other major pre-war alliance was the Triple Entente, a pact between Russia, Great Britain, and France (called the Allied Powers during the war).
These alliances set the stage for a massive war: any dispute between two members of these blocs could pull in all of the others,
as the treaties committed these states to defending their allies. And that's exactly what happened.

就在大战爆发前的1914年 欧洲中部被两个强大的国家统治:
北边的德意志和他稍弱一些的远方亲戚，南面的奥匈帝国
这两个国家形成了一个四国同盟的核心: 战争爆发后有另外两个国家加入，保加利亚和奥斯曼帝国(现代土耳其)
另外一个站前同盟是三国之间的协约: 在俄罗斯 ， 大英帝国和发货之间的协议(在战争期间被称为同盟国)
这些联盟设定了一个大战的门槛:只要这两大集团中的任何两个国家的冲突都会把其他国家卷入其中--
因为这些协议是各个国家承诺他们将保卫他们的联盟———然后事实就这样发生了...






The unification of the German Empire
德意志帝国的统一



The Franco-Prussian War, 40 years before World War I, birthed the unified German state.
Prussia baited the French into launching a war, and then aligned with several small German states to decisively defeat France and seize the economically valuable Alsace-Lorraine province.
The unified Germany that emerged from the war instantly became one of the most powerful states in Europe, overturning the continental balance of power.
Germany's rising power alarmed Britain and Russia, drawing both countries into closer alignment with their long-time rival, France.




Two wars in the Balkans fail to settle regional rivalries
没能平息对立的两场巴尔干战争

The Balkans, the area around the Aegean Sea in the Southeast of Europe, was one of the continent's most volatile regions in 1914. The Balkan states fought two separate wars between 1912 and 1913. Serbia, Greece, and Bulgaria had claimed territory from the embattled Ottoman Empire, but they had also been at each other's throats. The wars expanded Serbia and built an independent Albania, but none of the most important powers were happy. Serbia was furious with Austria-Hungary, which had recently annexed Bosnia. For Austria-Hungary's part, it wanted more vigorous backing from Germany. And Russia was committed to deeper support of Serbia, its client state.

原文在 http://www.vox.com/a/world-war-i-maps
非常好
图文并茂
我打算在3-5天内每天翻译一点
纪念一战100周年
译言/ 超级大本营首发
有任何问题请联系 aaimecn@gmail.com :)

40 maps that explain World War I
40张地图带你了解一战

by Zack Beauchamp, Timothy B. Lee and Matthew Yglesias on August 4, 2014

由Zack Beauchamp, Timothy B. Lee and Matthew Yglesias ，2014年8月4日

One hundred years ago today, on August 4, 2014,
German troops began pouring over the border into Belgium,
starting the first major battle of World War I.
The Great War killed 10 million people, redrew the map of Europe,
and marked the rise of the United States as a global power.
Here are 40 maps that explain the conflict — why it started, how the Allies won, and why the world has never been the same.


100年前的几天， 2014年8月4日
德国军队开始涌向比利时边境
开始了第一次世界大战的第一次主要战役
约1000万人在这次世界大战中丧命，并且重新划分了欧洲版图
标志着美国作为世界力量的崛起
下面我们用40张地图在展现这场冲突...它是如何爆发的 ，同盟国是如何取得胜利的...还有世界是如何从此变得不同的。。。





European alliances in 1914
1914年的欧洲联盟
Immediately prior to the war's outbreak in 1914, Central Europe was dominated by two powerful states:
Germany to the north and its weaker cousin, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to the South.
The two countries formed the core of the Central Powers, also known as the Quadruple Alliance because they were joined after war began by Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (modern Turkey).
The other major pre-war alliance was the Triple Entente, a pact between Russia, Great Britain, and France (called the Allied Powers during the war).
These alliances set the stage for a massive war: any dispute between two members of these blocs could pull in all of the others,
as the treaties committed these states to defending their allies. And that's exactly what happened.

就在大战爆发前的1914年 欧洲中部被两个强大的国家统治:
北边的德意志和他稍弱一些的远方亲戚，南面的奥匈帝国
这两个国家形成了一个四国同盟的核心: 战争爆发后有另外两个国家加入，保加利亚和奥斯曼帝国(现代土耳其)
另外一个站前同盟是三国之间的协约: 在俄罗斯 ， 大英帝国和发货之间的协议(在战争期间被称为同盟国)
这些联盟设定了一个大战的门槛:只要这两大集团中的任何两个国家的冲突都会把其他国家卷入其中--
因为这些协议是各个国家承诺他们将保卫他们的联盟———然后事实就这样发生了...






The unification of the German Empire
德意志帝国的统一



The Franco-Prussian War, 40 years before World War I, birthed the unified German state.
Prussia baited the French into launching a war, and then aligned with several small German states to decisively defeat France and seize the economically valuable Alsace-Lorraine province.
The unified Germany that emerged from the war instantly became one of the most powerful states in Europe, overturning the continental balance of power.
Germany's rising power alarmed Britain and Russia, drawing both countries into closer alignment with their long-time rival, France.




Two wars in the Balkans fail to settle regional rivalries
没能平息对立的两场巴尔干战争

The Balkans, the area around the Aegean Sea in the Southeast of Europe, was one of the continent's most volatile regions in 1914. The Balkan states fought two separate wars between 1912 and 1913. Serbia, Greece, and Bulgaria had claimed territory from the embattled Ottoman Empire, but they had also been at each other's throats. The wars expanded Serbia and built an independent Albania, but none of the most important powers were happy. Serbia was furious with Austria-Hungary, which had recently annexed Bosnia. For Austria-Hungary's part, it wanted more vigorous backing from Germany. And Russia was committed to deeper support of Serbia, its client state.