“玉兔”英译为Jade Hare不妥

来源:百度文库 编辑:超级军网 时间:2024/05/03 04:25:49
一、先说“兔”的翻译。
英语中主要有有个词:hare rabbit。请看此网站:http://www.diffen.com/difference/Hare_vs_Rabbit
这个网页对二者之区别作了详细说明,并配了图,大家可以点过去仔细看。这里只把文字部分摘出来:

Hare vs Rabbit

There are several important differences between rabbits and hares even though both animals belong to the Lagomorpha order of mammals.

Differences in Physical features

There are several differences in the physical features of hares and rabbits that allow us to distinguish between the two.

    Hares are generally larger and faster than rabbits.
    Hares have longer ears and larger feet than rabbits.
    Hares have black markings on their fur.
    Rabbits are altricial i.e. their young are born blind and hairless. In contrast, hares are generally born with hair and are able to see (precocial). Young hares are therefore able to fend for themselves very quickly after birth.
    Rabbit kittens soon after birth.
    Rabbit kittens soon after birth.
    A young hare is called a leveret and a young rabbit is called a kitten, kit, or, least correct but very commonly, a bunny.
    Hares have very long and strong hind legs, more so than rabbits.
    Rabbits and hares both molt and then grow new hair. This happens in both spring and in fall. Rabbit's brown summer fur is replaced with fur that is more grey. Hares, especially those living in cold, snowy regions, turn white in the winter.
    Hunters say that hare has a much stronger, gamier flavor than rabbit (which actually does taste like a milder version of chicken).
    Both rabbits and hares have short tails.

Comparison of Lifestyle and Behavior

    Hares have not been domesticated, while rabbits are often kept as house pets.
    All rabbits (except the cottontail rabbit) live underground in burrows or warrens, while hares live in simple nests above the ground (as does the cottontail rabbit). Rabbits also have their litters underground. Hares rely on running rather than burrowing for protection.
    Rabbits are very social animals and live in colonies. Male rabbits even fight within a group to become the dominant male. The dominant male rabbit then mates with most of the females in the area. On the other hand, hares live most of the time by themselves. They come together in pairs for mating only. There is almost no fighting among hares - they just pair off.
    Rabbits prefer soft stems, grass or vegetables. Hares eat more hard food: bark and rind, buds, small twigs and shoots.

Similarities

    Both rabbits and hares breed prolifically, bearing four to eight litters each year.
    A litter of rabbits generally has three to eight young. They have a gestation period of about a month, are sexually mature in about six months, and live in the wild for about six years.
    Although rabbits and hares are valued as game by hunters both for their food and fur, they are also pests to farmers and gardeners. They can destroy crops and trees.

Trivia

    The Jackrabbit is actually a hare.
    Rabbit's eyes are positioned on the sides, so they can cover larger areas. Rabbits can see behind them without turning their heads.
    A male rabbit is called a buck, a female - a doe, babies - kittens.
    Rabbit's eyes remain black when reflecting a bright light. In comparison human eyes appear red, cats and dogs - green, and deer eyes turn orange).

Related Video

A good video of a brown hare and a rabbit seen together in someone's backyard. The differences between the physical characteristics of a hare and a rabbit are distinctly seen in this video.

上文主要就是说,hare个头大些,跑得快些,野生的;rabbit个头相对小,宠物。
按照中国的传说,玉兔是嫦娥养的,显然属于宠物,用rabbit更合适

二、再说“玉”。
汉语的“玉”字,用作形容词时,有以下几种含意:
1. 用玉做成的。如:“玉玺”、“玉簪”、“玉环”。史记˙卷七˙项羽本纪:“玉斗一双,欲与亚父。”
2. 洁白、美好。如:“玉手”、“玉容”。文选˙郭璞˙游仙诗七首之二:“灵妃顾我美,粲然启玉齿。”南史˙卷十九˙谢晦传:“帝目之曰:‘一时顿有两玉人耳。’”
3. 珍贵的、精美的。如:“锦衣玉食”、“玉液琼浆”。文选˙左思˙吴都赋:“矜其宴居,则珠服玉馔。”
4. 尊称他人的身体或言行。如:“玉体”、“玉照”。文选˙曹植˙七启:“将敬涤耳,以听玉音。”
中国嫦娥传说中的“玉兔”,即指“洁白如玉的兔子”,而非“玉做的兔子”。不管是jade hare还是jade rabbit,意思都是“玉做的兔子”,曲解了汉语原意。

三、综上,中国关于嫦娥传说中的“玉兔”,可英译为:
1. pure white rabbit
2. snowy rabbit
3. 楼下补充一、先说“兔”的翻译。
英语中主要有有个词:hare rabbit。请看此网站:http://www.diffen.com/difference/Hare_vs_Rabbit
这个网页对二者之区别作了详细说明,并配了图,大家可以点过去仔细看。这里只把文字部分摘出来:

Hare vs Rabbit

There are several important differences between rabbits and hares even though both animals belong to the Lagomorpha order of mammals.

Differences in Physical features

There are several differences in the physical features of hares and rabbits that allow us to distinguish between the two.

    Hares are generally larger and faster than rabbits.
    Hares have longer ears and larger feet than rabbits.
    Hares have black markings on their fur.
    Rabbits are altricial i.e. their young are born blind and hairless. In contrast, hares are generally born with hair and are able to see (precocial). Young hares are therefore able to fend for themselves very quickly after birth.
    Rabbit kittens soon after birth.
    Rabbit kittens soon after birth.
    A young hare is called a leveret and a young rabbit is called a kitten, kit, or, least correct but very commonly, a bunny.
    Hares have very long and strong hind legs, more so than rabbits.
    Rabbits and hares both molt and then grow new hair. This happens in both spring and in fall. Rabbit's brown summer fur is replaced with fur that is more grey. Hares, especially those living in cold, snowy regions, turn white in the winter.
    Hunters say that hare has a much stronger, gamier flavor than rabbit (which actually does taste like a milder version of chicken).
    Both rabbits and hares have short tails.

Comparison of Lifestyle and Behavior

    Hares have not been domesticated, while rabbits are often kept as house pets.
    All rabbits (except the cottontail rabbit) live underground in burrows or warrens, while hares live in simple nests above the ground (as does the cottontail rabbit). Rabbits also have their litters underground. Hares rely on running rather than burrowing for protection.
    Rabbits are very social animals and live in colonies. Male rabbits even fight within a group to become the dominant male. The dominant male rabbit then mates with most of the females in the area. On the other hand, hares live most of the time by themselves. They come together in pairs for mating only. There is almost no fighting among hares - they just pair off.
    Rabbits prefer soft stems, grass or vegetables. Hares eat more hard food: bark and rind, buds, small twigs and shoots.

Similarities

    Both rabbits and hares breed prolifically, bearing four to eight litters each year.
    A litter of rabbits generally has three to eight young. They have a gestation period of about a month, are sexually mature in about six months, and live in the wild for about six years.
    Although rabbits and hares are valued as game by hunters both for their food and fur, they are also pests to farmers and gardeners. They can destroy crops and trees.

Trivia

    The Jackrabbit is actually a hare.
    Rabbit's eyes are positioned on the sides, so they can cover larger areas. Rabbits can see behind them without turning their heads.
    A male rabbit is called a buck, a female - a doe, babies - kittens.
    Rabbit's eyes remain black when reflecting a bright light. In comparison human eyes appear red, cats and dogs - green, and deer eyes turn orange).

Related Video

A good video of a brown hare and a rabbit seen together in someone's backyard. The differences between the physical characteristics of a hare and a rabbit are distinctly seen in this video.

上文主要就是说,hare个头大些,跑得快些,野生的;rabbit个头相对小,宠物。
按照中国的传说,玉兔是嫦娥养的,显然属于宠物,用rabbit更合适

二、再说“玉”。
汉语的“玉”字,用作形容词时,有以下几种含意:
1. 用玉做成的。如:“玉玺”、“玉簪”、“玉环”。史记˙卷七˙项羽本纪:“玉斗一双,欲与亚父。”
2. 洁白、美好。如:“玉手”、“玉容”。文选˙郭璞˙游仙诗七首之二:“灵妃顾我美,粲然启玉齿。”南史˙卷十九˙谢晦传:“帝目之曰:‘一时顿有两玉人耳。’”
3. 珍贵的、精美的。如:“锦衣玉食”、“玉液琼浆”。文选˙左思˙吴都赋:“矜其宴居,则珠服玉馔。”
4. 尊称他人的身体或言行。如:“玉体”、“玉照”。文选˙曹植˙七启:“将敬涤耳,以听玉音。”
中国嫦娥传说中的“玉兔”,即指“洁白如玉的兔子”,而非“玉做的兔子”。不管是jade hare还是jade rabbit,意思都是“玉做的兔子”,曲解了汉语原意。

三、综上,中国关于嫦娥传说中的“玉兔”,可英译为:
1. pure white rabbit
2. snowy rabbit
3. 楼下补充
Yu Tu
Yutu...这个吧
非常赞同,的确曲解了中文的愿意,当然,即便是PURE WHITE RABBIT,仍然不能完全反应原意
玉兔,应该是完美的精灵的意思。
就是人畜无害小白兔嘛
还是“Bunny”这个字好。
支持二楼!
Smart Rabbit
用音译yutu,意译的话moon rabbit其实更合适
楼主你这脑子不清楚啊。

这么说吧,官方的说法一直是直接音译的yutu,什么jade rabbit之类的都是西方媒体为了给他们本国的国民解释yutu的意思时采用的翻译。就好比为了说明new york这个名字的来历的时候不是把它翻译为纽约而是解释为新约克一样。如果你觉得不妥,没有反映原意,那你应该致信BBC,CNN而不是在这里说了。
jade like rabbit
现在牛逼的中文词都是直接英译成英语!tuhao都收录了,那必须是yutu了阿!
支持Yutu,音译多好的。
为显示人畜无害

应该用BUNNY
大白兔才最好啊
Yutu很好!
yutu被人延伸成YouTube肿么破o(╯□╰)o
翻译成“雪兔”才对
但是又失去了韵味...

Pure harmless white rabbit。纯洁无害小白兔,这个好。
必须是yutu了阿
perfect rabbit,pure rabbit,lovely rabbit,magical rabbit……具有魔力的兔子,神仙兔子,能蹬鹰的兔子
还有就是 shall by two。
用jade没问题,jade不单指玉制的,也指玉一样的纯洁无暇的。用hare确有几分不妥,rabbit更准确。
fat white rabbit
Jady white Rabbit
必须Yutu啊,就像Tuhao一样……
sexy  rabbit
玉石兔子有新奇感,让他们去瞎译吧,还是以音译为正宗
latere 发表于 2013-12-16 13:11
非常赞同,的确曲解了中文的愿意,当然,即便是PURE WHITE RABBIT,仍然不能完全反应原意
玉兔,应该是完 ...
叫可爱兔子就行了。
farocean3000 发表于 2013-12-16 13:17
用音译yutu,意译的话moon rabbit其实更合适
支持!月兔!
Yutu!必须的!
改个字母
Jedi rabbit
Hare和Rabbit在一些科学网站上专门讨论过的。还是Hare合适,在汉代以前的文献和图案上就已经有玉兔的形象了,那个时候国内只有野兔,英文是Hare;而Rabbit是穴兔,当时还未引进国内。
bunny jade
下面看看兔子的区别.
兔子中的rabbit和hare是不同的.天朝土生的兔子,确实是hare

http://songshuhui.net/archives/86983
相信不只是NASA让登月的宇航员“注意带大兔子的姑娘”,大家都应该知道月亮上的那只大兔子——毕竟早在在马王堆汉墓里的月亮上,就有玉兔的形象了。
【@撷芳主人 描画了一份月面的明暗轮廓图,经过美化,蟾蜍与兔子的形象跃然其上。图片来源:月亮上的“真相”】
兔子还有很多种吗?
汉语里用来描述各种兔科动物的常用字只有一个,就是“兔”。但是,常见的兔子至少有两类,英文分别称为“hare”(野兔)和“rabbit”(穴兔)。家兔是穴兔的驯化品种,和野兔亲缘关系较远,二者甚至不是同一个属的。

wpid-6og9LQboY3j1b5CetBwGyEgA9cVEWVPKBj7juwheT1eFAgAAsgAAAEpQ-2013-12-9-17-58.jpg

【左起依次是穴兔(Oryctolagus cuniculus)、中国“野兔”华南兔(Lepus sinensis)以及穴兔与野兔(Lepus sp.)耳朵大小的对比。图片来源:Wiki Commons, Urft Valley Art】

实际上兔科下面有11个属超过60个种,但是我们这里暂且忽略别的,只考虑最常见的两个属——兔属 Lepus (即本文所说的“野兔”)和穴兔属 Oryctolagus。一句话区分的话,穴兔/家兔是萝莉身,而野兔是大长腿。这部分反映出了二者的生活策略差异——野兔主要靠跑,时速能达到每小时56公里;而穴兔则主要靠打洞来躲避天敌。除此之外它们的主要区别还有:

野兔的耳朵更长。对于毛球尾巴的兔子而言,耳朵一定程度上取代了尾巴的奔跑平衡功能;
野兔是早成的,刚出生的小兔子就有毛、能看见东西;而新生的小穴兔则有点像大熊猫的幼崽,眼睛睁不开、皮肤裸露。毕竟无论是大熊猫还是穴兔的新生儿都有洞穴保护,而野兔就只能靠跑来解决问题;
野兔没有得到驯化,所以实验室兔子也好,各种奇葩的宠物兔也好,都肯定是穴兔的后裔;
穴兔常常聚群生活,一群内处于统治地位的雄性可以得到大部分雌性;而野兔则喜欢独来独往,繁殖期间也不过成双成对(所以木兰辞里“傍地走”的那两只兔子更可能是野兔)。
wpid-UD1uypaiA55WIsmnSQRz-y7XAUDTK1w7ZLfD0LMyHTM_AQAA7wAAAEdJ-2013-12-9-17-58.gif

【一只在草地上吃草的家兔不知为何受了惊,并吓到了边上的另一只野兔。注意观察的话,它们的耳朵和腿还是能看出差异的。】

玉兔到底是穴兔还是野兔呢?

按照今天的审美标准,穴兔更萌一些,实际上嫦娥手中的玉兔也总是被描绘成家兔的形象。但是正宗的野生穴兔分布在地中海沿岸,约3000年前得到驯化,后来以家兔的形式引入中国。今天在中国野外即使看见了“穴兔”,那也是家兔逃逸的野化种。

先秦西汉时期没有兔子作为家畜的记载,却多有野生兔子飞奔的描绘。《韩非子·五蠹》有“田中有株,兔走,触柱折颈而死。”的记载,《史记·越王勾践世家》有“飞鸟尽,良弓藏;狡兔死,走狗烹”之语,可见那时的兔还是田间野味,而不是家畜。

wpid-kmIf3NXV7LDUEL2FWhj0JMTEWK-yBCoEL9h5cGuu3yKFAgAApAEAAEpQ-2013-12-9-17-58.jpg

【磁涧西汉墓壁画中兔子的形象强调了兔子的飞奔特征,因此更可能是野兔。】

但这引发出一桩著名疑案。《战国策•齐策四》记载,冯谖对孟尝君说“狡兔有三窟,仅得免其死耳”,并为孟尝君找了三条出路以防万一。但是,中国的本土野兔并不会打洞。2300年前丝绸之路未通,齐国也不应该有穴兔/家兔啊。亚洲土著兔子里只有粗毛兔属的阿萨姆兔(Caprolagus hispidus)打洞,可它们又远在喜马拉雅山脚,不远万里来到齐国这是什么精神……

更加简单合理的解释是,这是穿越的——呃,是后人脑补的。目前的观点是《战国策》成书于东汉,此时可能已经有了来自西方丝路的家兔,逃窜到野外之后变成了这里所说的“狡兔”。

而月兔至迟在西汉时代就出现了,此时穴兔未至,所以月兔其实是一只月野兔(咦?)。
就叫Jadily Rabbit好了。。。就像niubibility那样……


转贴一篇科普居然被审核了.
简单说一下吧:


rabbit其实是家兔,大约欧洲或中东从穴兔驯化来的.
hare的野兔,是不会打洞的兔子,中国古时候的兔子,应该就是这个品种.

参考这个科普文章

月兔的兔,是什么兔?
http://songshuhui.net/archives/86983

转贴一篇科普居然被审核了.
简单说一下吧:


rabbit其实是家兔,大约欧洲或中东从穴兔驯化来的.
hare的野兔,是不会打洞的兔子,中国古时候的兔子,应该就是这个品种.

参考这个科普文章

月兔的兔,是什么兔?
http://songshuhui.net/archives/86983
colombia 发表于 2013-12-16 13:09
Yutu...这个吧
这个是最好的!是个增强汉语及拼音软实力和世界影响力的良好机会。
kingcedar 发表于 2013-12-16 13:18
楼主你这脑子不清楚啊。

这么说吧,官方的说法一直是直接音译的yutu,什么jade rabbit之类的都是西方媒 ...
好好讨论,不要用这种侮辱性,攻击性的语言
天宫电影里是直接读音译的 yutu