超级军网美国媒体称中国和平崛起影响亚洲让日本不舒服
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/26 08:33:53
<P>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005年02月26日22:22 中国新闻网
中新网2月26日电 《华盛顿邮报》2月26日在头版刊登文章说，东亚地区越来越多的消息灵通人士认为，随着东亚各国和中国间越来越紧密的经贸交往，北京政治和外交的影响力正在该地区凸显。而面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。</P>
<P> 这些消息人士说，中国作为东亚地区积极的、有决断力的领导者的形象，正在逐步稳健的显示出来。中国正在改变着长时期来由美国主导的亚洲政治和外交版图。这种改变，让中国官员和其他东亚国家重新审视中国在国际上扮演的角色。实际上，在很多方面，中国已经开始扮演起传统大国的角色——越来越看重自己的地区利益，并在崛起的过程中保持和邻国的和睦。</P>
<P> 文章说，中国这一新的角色在其促成解决朝核问题的六方会谈上表现的淋漓尽致。本月10日，当金正日政府宣布暂停参加六方会谈时，亚洲、乃至世界各国不由自主想到的一个问题是：中国将会怎么做？</P>
<P> 面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。在石油资源和海洋发展这些被中国视为至关重要的领域方面，日本和中国矛盾不断。从这种意义上讲，日本政府已经加紧和美国间的策略性合作。在去年12月，日本发布了视中国为潜在威胁的十年防卫大纲。</P>
<P> 接受《华盛顿日报》采访的中国官员和外交政策专家强调，他们无意挑战美国自二战来在亚洲扮演的主要军事力量这一角色。但中国正在其他方面崛起，成为地区领导者。这在去年美国忙于伊拉克和反恐问题时，显得尤为突出。</P>
<P> 东盟各国家正和中国发展更积极的国与国之间的交往。事实上，东盟这一美国在1967年鼓励成立的、旨在防止共产主义蔓延的组织正“进化”成为一个中国借此展示自己地方领导力的合作论坛。</P>
<P> 另外一个例子就是“上海合作组织”的建立。中国作为成员之一，其一直低调的军队最近刚和哈萨克斯坦完成反恐演习，并计划今年秋天和俄罗斯军队联合演习。</P>
<P> 但更多、更明显的是，中国通过和东盟各国的经济交往，展现地区领导者这一角色。在中国的推动下，东盟各成员和中国在去年12月达成在2010年建立自由贸易区的协定。此举把东盟各成员进一步的纳入中国发展轨道上。</P>
<P> 自1990年开始，中国和10个东盟成员的贸易发展已经增长了20%。双边贸易额在2003年达到782亿美元，比前一年增加了42.8%。</P>
<P> 文章认为，中国外交关系的发展长时间以来一直遵循邓小平“韬光养晦”的格言。但随着综合国力的提升，自然而然地，中国外交政策逐渐展示出了自信，其他亚洲国家也意识到美国不再是亚洲各国唯一依仗的“领导者”。</P>
<P> 在亚洲以外，中国正充分施展商业外交，拓宽其国际发展空间。近年来，中国和世界很多国家签署石油供求协议，从非洲的苏丹和安哥拉，到印尼，乃至加拿大，都是中国的石油贸易伙伴。中国领导人拉丁美洲之行更是显示出中国对这一地区展示出的新兴趣。</P>
<P> 与此同时，在文化影响方面，中国仍有不可比拟的优势。尽管亚洲现在的青少年追捧日本时尚，迷恋日本漫画，但日本在亚洲的文化影响力远不能和中国抗衡。同时，日本二战期间对亚洲各国人民的伤害也让人对其心存戒虑，而中国文化和传统的儒家思想在亚洲乃至世界各国形成华人社区时所展示出的旺盛的生命力，也使日本文化相形见绌。(据美国侨报)
</P><P>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005年02月26日22:22 中国新闻网
中新网2月26日电 《华盛顿邮报》2月26日在头版刊登文章说，东亚地区越来越多的消息灵通人士认为，随着东亚各国和中国间越来越紧密的经贸交往，北京政治和外交的影响力正在该地区凸显。而面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。</P>
<P> 这些消息人士说，中国作为东亚地区积极的、有决断力的领导者的形象，正在逐步稳健的显示出来。中国正在改变着长时期来由美国主导的亚洲政治和外交版图。这种改变，让中国官员和其他东亚国家重新审视中国在国际上扮演的角色。实际上，在很多方面，中国已经开始扮演起传统大国的角色——越来越看重自己的地区利益，并在崛起的过程中保持和邻国的和睦。</P>
<P> 文章说，中国这一新的角色在其促成解决朝核问题的六方会谈上表现的淋漓尽致。本月10日，当金正日政府宣布暂停参加六方会谈时，亚洲、乃至世界各国不由自主想到的一个问题是：中国将会怎么做？</P>
<P> 面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。在石油资源和海洋发展这些被中国视为至关重要的领域方面，日本和中国矛盾不断。从这种意义上讲，日本政府已经加紧和美国间的策略性合作。在去年12月，日本发布了视中国为潜在威胁的十年防卫大纲。</P>
<P> 接受《华盛顿日报》采访的中国官员和外交政策专家强调，他们无意挑战美国自二战来在亚洲扮演的主要军事力量这一角色。但中国正在其他方面崛起，成为地区领导者。这在去年美国忙于伊拉克和反恐问题时，显得尤为突出。</P>
<P> 东盟各国家正和中国发展更积极的国与国之间的交往。事实上，东盟这一美国在1967年鼓励成立的、旨在防止共产主义蔓延的组织正“进化”成为一个中国借此展示自己地方领导力的合作论坛。</P>
<P> 另外一个例子就是“上海合作组织”的建立。中国作为成员之一，其一直低调的军队最近刚和哈萨克斯坦完成反恐演习，并计划今年秋天和俄罗斯军队联合演习。</P>
<P> 但更多、更明显的是，中国通过和东盟各国的经济交往，展现地区领导者这一角色。在中国的推动下，东盟各成员和中国在去年12月达成在2010年建立自由贸易区的协定。此举把东盟各成员进一步的纳入中国发展轨道上。</P>
<P> 自1990年开始，中国和10个东盟成员的贸易发展已经增长了20%。双边贸易额在2003年达到782亿美元，比前一年增加了42.8%。</P>
<P> 文章认为，中国外交关系的发展长时间以来一直遵循邓小平“韬光养晦”的格言。但随着综合国力的提升，自然而然地，中国外交政策逐渐展示出了自信，其他亚洲国家也意识到美国不再是亚洲各国唯一依仗的“领导者”。</P>
<P> 在亚洲以外，中国正充分施展商业外交，拓宽其国际发展空间。近年来，中国和世界很多国家签署石油供求协议，从非洲的苏丹和安哥拉，到印尼，乃至加拿大，都是中国的石油贸易伙伴。中国领导人拉丁美洲之行更是显示出中国对这一地区展示出的新兴趣。</P>
<P> 与此同时，在文化影响方面，中国仍有不可比拟的优势。尽管亚洲现在的青少年追捧日本时尚，迷恋日本漫画，但日本在亚洲的文化影响力远不能和中国抗衡。同时，日本二战期间对亚洲各国人民的伤害也让人对其心存戒虑，而中国文化和传统的儒家思想在亚洲乃至世界各国形成华人社区时所展示出的旺盛的生命力，也使日本文化相形见绌。(据美国侨报)
</P>
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005年02月26日22:22 中国新闻网
中新网2月26日电 《华盛顿邮报》2月26日在头版刊登文章说，东亚地区越来越多的消息灵通人士认为，随着东亚各国和中国间越来越紧密的经贸交往，北京政治和外交的影响力正在该地区凸显。而面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。</P>
<P> 这些消息人士说，中国作为东亚地区积极的、有决断力的领导者的形象，正在逐步稳健的显示出来。中国正在改变着长时期来由美国主导的亚洲政治和外交版图。这种改变，让中国官员和其他东亚国家重新审视中国在国际上扮演的角色。实际上，在很多方面，中国已经开始扮演起传统大国的角色——越来越看重自己的地区利益，并在崛起的过程中保持和邻国的和睦。</P>
<P> 文章说，中国这一新的角色在其促成解决朝核问题的六方会谈上表现的淋漓尽致。本月10日，当金正日政府宣布暂停参加六方会谈时，亚洲、乃至世界各国不由自主想到的一个问题是：中国将会怎么做？</P>
<P> 面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。在石油资源和海洋发展这些被中国视为至关重要的领域方面，日本和中国矛盾不断。从这种意义上讲，日本政府已经加紧和美国间的策略性合作。在去年12月，日本发布了视中国为潜在威胁的十年防卫大纲。</P>
<P> 接受《华盛顿日报》采访的中国官员和外交政策专家强调，他们无意挑战美国自二战来在亚洲扮演的主要军事力量这一角色。但中国正在其他方面崛起，成为地区领导者。这在去年美国忙于伊拉克和反恐问题时，显得尤为突出。</P>
<P> 东盟各国家正和中国发展更积极的国与国之间的交往。事实上，东盟这一美国在1967年鼓励成立的、旨在防止共产主义蔓延的组织正“进化”成为一个中国借此展示自己地方领导力的合作论坛。</P>
<P> 另外一个例子就是“上海合作组织”的建立。中国作为成员之一，其一直低调的军队最近刚和哈萨克斯坦完成反恐演习，并计划今年秋天和俄罗斯军队联合演习。</P>
<P> 但更多、更明显的是，中国通过和东盟各国的经济交往，展现地区领导者这一角色。在中国的推动下，东盟各成员和中国在去年12月达成在2010年建立自由贸易区的协定。此举把东盟各成员进一步的纳入中国发展轨道上。</P>
<P> 自1990年开始，中国和10个东盟成员的贸易发展已经增长了20%。双边贸易额在2003年达到782亿美元，比前一年增加了42.8%。</P>
<P> 文章认为，中国外交关系的发展长时间以来一直遵循邓小平“韬光养晦”的格言。但随着综合国力的提升，自然而然地，中国外交政策逐渐展示出了自信，其他亚洲国家也意识到美国不再是亚洲各国唯一依仗的“领导者”。</P>
<P> 在亚洲以外，中国正充分施展商业外交，拓宽其国际发展空间。近年来，中国和世界很多国家签署石油供求协议，从非洲的苏丹和安哥拉，到印尼，乃至加拿大，都是中国的石油贸易伙伴。中国领导人拉丁美洲之行更是显示出中国对这一地区展示出的新兴趣。</P>
<P> 与此同时，在文化影响方面，中国仍有不可比拟的优势。尽管亚洲现在的青少年追捧日本时尚，迷恋日本漫画，但日本在亚洲的文化影响力远不能和中国抗衡。同时，日本二战期间对亚洲各国人民的伤害也让人对其心存戒虑，而中国文化和传统的儒家思想在亚洲乃至世界各国形成华人社区时所展示出的旺盛的生命力，也使日本文化相形见绌。(据美国侨报)
</P><P>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005年02月26日22:22 中国新闻网
中新网2月26日电 《华盛顿邮报》2月26日在头版刊登文章说，东亚地区越来越多的消息灵通人士认为，随着东亚各国和中国间越来越紧密的经贸交往，北京政治和外交的影响力正在该地区凸显。而面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。</P>
<P> 这些消息人士说，中国作为东亚地区积极的、有决断力的领导者的形象，正在逐步稳健的显示出来。中国正在改变着长时期来由美国主导的亚洲政治和外交版图。这种改变，让中国官员和其他东亚国家重新审视中国在国际上扮演的角色。实际上，在很多方面，中国已经开始扮演起传统大国的角色——越来越看重自己的地区利益，并在崛起的过程中保持和邻国的和睦。</P>
<P> 文章说，中国这一新的角色在其促成解决朝核问题的六方会谈上表现的淋漓尽致。本月10日，当金正日政府宣布暂停参加六方会谈时，亚洲、乃至世界各国不由自主想到的一个问题是：中国将会怎么做？</P>
<P> 面对中国逐渐升起的国际地位，日本在很多方面是亚洲感到最不舒服的国家。在石油资源和海洋发展这些被中国视为至关重要的领域方面，日本和中国矛盾不断。从这种意义上讲，日本政府已经加紧和美国间的策略性合作。在去年12月，日本发布了视中国为潜在威胁的十年防卫大纲。</P>
<P> 接受《华盛顿日报》采访的中国官员和外交政策专家强调，他们无意挑战美国自二战来在亚洲扮演的主要军事力量这一角色。但中国正在其他方面崛起，成为地区领导者。这在去年美国忙于伊拉克和反恐问题时，显得尤为突出。</P>
<P> 东盟各国家正和中国发展更积极的国与国之间的交往。事实上，东盟这一美国在1967年鼓励成立的、旨在防止共产主义蔓延的组织正“进化”成为一个中国借此展示自己地方领导力的合作论坛。</P>
<P> 另外一个例子就是“上海合作组织”的建立。中国作为成员之一，其一直低调的军队最近刚和哈萨克斯坦完成反恐演习，并计划今年秋天和俄罗斯军队联合演习。</P>
<P> 但更多、更明显的是，中国通过和东盟各国的经济交往，展现地区领导者这一角色。在中国的推动下，东盟各成员和中国在去年12月达成在2010年建立自由贸易区的协定。此举把东盟各成员进一步的纳入中国发展轨道上。</P>
<P> 自1990年开始，中国和10个东盟成员的贸易发展已经增长了20%。双边贸易额在2003年达到782亿美元，比前一年增加了42.8%。</P>
<P> 文章认为，中国外交关系的发展长时间以来一直遵循邓小平“韬光养晦”的格言。但随着综合国力的提升，自然而然地，中国外交政策逐渐展示出了自信，其他亚洲国家也意识到美国不再是亚洲各国唯一依仗的“领导者”。</P>
<P> 在亚洲以外，中国正充分施展商业外交，拓宽其国际发展空间。近年来，中国和世界很多国家签署石油供求协议，从非洲的苏丹和安哥拉，到印尼，乃至加拿大，都是中国的石油贸易伙伴。中国领导人拉丁美洲之行更是显示出中国对这一地区展示出的新兴趣。</P>
<P> 与此同时，在文化影响方面，中国仍有不可比拟的优势。尽管亚洲现在的青少年追捧日本时尚，迷恋日本漫画，但日本在亚洲的文化影响力远不能和中国抗衡。同时，日本二战期间对亚洲各国人民的伤害也让人对其心存戒虑，而中国文化和传统的儒家思想在亚洲乃至世界各国形成华人社区时所展示出的旺盛的生命力，也使日本文化相形见绌。(据美国侨报)
</P>
<P>以下是原文吗？贴出来让大家参考。</P><P>China's Quiet Rise Casts Wide Shadow</P>East Asian Nations Cash In on Growth<P>By Edward Cody<P>Washington Post Foreign Service
Saturday, February 26, 2005; Page A01 </P><P><P>KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia -- Bespectacled and mild-mannered, Leong Kai Hin is every bit the professor. He teaches economics at a Kuala Lumpur university and seems most at home behind his computer grazing for statistics. </P><P>But Leong is off on a new project that, according to his assessment, says a lot about where East Asia is headed. In partnership with a mainland Chinese friend, Leong is organizing a strawberry importing business, hoping to cash in on Malaysia's hunger for juicy berries and the ability of Chinese farmers to grow them cheaply. </P><P>Leong's out-of-character leap from the classroom into competitive business, he says, is just a small example of rapidly expanding economic activity generated across East Asia by China's 9 percent annual growth. From Japan southward to Indonesia, companies and governments have come to rely on China as a market for vital exports -- from palm oil to semiconductors -- and a source for the imports that delight local business people . </P><P>With stronger economic ties between East Asian countries and China has come a rise in Beijing's political and diplomatic influence, according to a variety of sources in China and the region. Treading softly but casting a big shadow, they say, China has emerged as an active and decisive leader in East Asia, transforming economic and diplomatic relationships across an area long dominated by the United States. </P><P>The shift in status, increasingly clear over the past year, has changed the way Chinese officials view their country's international role as well as the way other Asians look to Beijing for cues. In many ways, China has started to act like a traditional big power, tending to its regional interests and pulling smaller neighbors along in its wake. </P><P>The new Chinese role has been evident recently in international efforts to deal with North Korea's declared nuclear arsenal. When Kim Jong Il's government declared Feb. 10 that it was suspending participation in Chinese-sponsored six-nation nuclear talks, the question that arose immediately in Asian capitals and beyond was: What will China do about it? </P><P>Japan, whose economy surpasses China's by a large margin, in some ways has been the Asian country most uncomfortable with China's rising stature. The oil sources and sea lanes increasingly seen as vital by China and its traders have long been viewed the same way by Japan. In that light, Japan's government has tightened strategic cooperation with the United States, and in December, it issued a 10-year defense program that identified China as a potential threat. </P><P>Chinese officials and foreign policy specialists emphasized in interviews that they had no intention of challenging the U.S. role as Asia's main military power, a fact of life here since World War II. U.S. power was on vivid display in East Asia after the Dec. 26 tsunami in southern Asia, with a U.S. carrier group dispatching helicopters to deliver food and medicine to hard-hit Indonesian towns while China's navy was nowhere on the horizon. </P><P>But with 1.3 billion people, 3.7 million square miles of territory and a $1.4 trillion economy, China is the rising regional leader in other fields. This view has come into focus particularly over the last year, when U.S. diplomacy has seemed preoccupied with Iraq or anti-terrorism and China increasingly has asserted its pre-eminence. </P><P>"There is now this feeling that we have to consult the Chinese," said Abdul Razak Baginda of the Malaysian Strategic Research Center. He added, "We have to accept some degree of Chinese leadership, particularly in light of the lack of leadership elsewhere." </P><P><B>From Outsiders to Insiders
</B>
China's leadership has become visible in small but telling ways. Premier Wen Jiabao was clearly the star, for instance, at an Association of Southeast Asian Nations summit conference in Laos in November. Lower-ranking ASEAN diplomats have begun to turn to Chinese colleagues for guidance during international meetings, according to a senior foreign diplomat with long experience at such Asian gatherings. </P><P>"I was struck by how naturally, even at the working level, the other Asians looked to China and how naturally China played that role," the diplomat said, noting that only a few years ago, Chinese diplomats were viewed as outsiders. </P><P>The change also comes across in bigger and more formal ways. In particular, China has taken the lead in organizing an East Asian summit conference for next November that, according to Chinese and other observers, will formalize Chinese regional leadership in several aspects. </P><P>A senior Chinese diplomat said it had not been decided whether the United States will be invited to attend and, if so, in what capacity. That the question of U.S. participation is even on the table dramatizes the shift in Asia's diplomatic landscape. </P><P>As envisioned by the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the summit deliberately frames participation on a country-by-country basis, dispersing ASEAN's combined weight and enhancing China's role as first among equals. "It's very subtle, but it could be very important," the senior Chinese Foreign Ministry official said. </P><P>The ASEAN countries -- Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam -- increasingly have begun to deal with China individually rather than as a bloc. As a result, an association that began with U.S. encouragement in 1967 in large measure to fend off Communist Chinese influence has evolved into a forum through which China exercises its regional leadership. </P><P>Other examples of Chinese leadership include the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, a security forum comprising China, Russia and four former Soviet republics along China's northwest borders. As a part of this grouping, China's formerly standoffish military recently held anti-terrorism exercises with Kazakhstan and plans exercises next fall with the Russian military. </P><P>But China's new face has been most apparent in its dealings with the ASEAN countries, mainly because of the economic equation. At China's initiative, for instance, ASEAN countries and China in December agreed to create a free-trade zone by 2010, which would further integrate neighboring countries into China's orbit. </P><P>Trade between China and the 10 ASEAN countries has increased about 20 percent a year since 1990, and the pace has picked up in the last several years. Bilateral trade hit $78.2 billion in 2003, up 42.8 percent from the previous year. Chinese and ASEAN officials said the figure was about $100 billion and rising by the end of 2004. </P><P>"This is the locomotive that will bring growth for the Asian economies," said Leong, the professor who, in addition to his day job at a local branch of Nottingham University, advises the Associated Chinese Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Malaysia on how to make the most of the new situation. </P><P>Partly because 25 percent of its population is ethnic Chinese, Malaysia has been one of the major beneficiaries of China's growth. It exported only $1.2 billion annually in goods to China a decade ago. That figure hit $6 billion in 2003 and reached $6.4 billion in the first 10 months of 2004, according to the Chinese and Malaysian governments. </P><P>"It all depends on your mindset," said Callum Chen, a Malaysian businessman whose company markets its underwear in 30 stores around Beijing and Shanghai. "The rise of China can be threatening. Or it can be an opportunity." </P><P><B>'Commercial Diplomacy'
</B>
China's foreign relations establishment has long adhered to an adage offered by the late Deng Xiaoping: "Never be a leader." In deference to that concern, Foreign Ministry officials recoil when the word leadership is used to describe what they are doing. Nonetheless, as the country's economic strength has grown, so has the confidence of its foreign policy and a recognition that the United States is no longer the only country on which others in Asia rely for leadership. </P><P>"China has sensed that there is an emerging transition of power in East Asia between China and the United States," said Shi Yinghong, who heads the People's University Center for American Studies in Beijing. Outside Asia, China's most immediate foreign relations concern has become an appetite for oil and other raw materials needed to sustain the economic boom. Tao Wenzhao, a senior researcher at the American Studies Institute at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said China had been carrying out "commercial diplomacy" far and wide. </P><P>In recent years, China has contracted in a range of distant countries for oil supplies, from Sudan and Angola in Africa to Indonesia and even Canada. President Hu Jintao's recent trip to Latin America dramatized the country's new interest in that part of the world, traditionally a U.S. domain, including plans for $20 billion worth of business in Argentina. </P><P>In the first 11 months of 2004, China invested $889 million in Latin America, according to the Commerce Ministry, as part of the government's "go out" strategy to guarantee raw material imports. On return from a recent trip to Beijing, President Hugo Chavez of Venezuela said that in coming years, Chinese firms would invest nearly $350 million to extract oil from eastern Venezuelan fields and another $60 million in natural gas wells. </P><P>Although strictly business now, a senior European diplomat noted, these commitments herald future Chinese diplomatic and security interests beyond Asia. Buying oil in Africa or Latin America, he explained, implies a concern for stability and friendship in the source countries and for security in sea lanes leading back to China. In one small sign of this evolution, the Foreign Ministry recently set up a department to monitor the safety of Chinese working abroad. </P><P><B>Cultural Domination
</B>
By expanding its activity abroad, China inevitably has bumped against existing international relationships. Japan, with its extensive economic relationships around the region, so far has most keenly felt this aspect of China's rising influence. But Japan has never been in a position to exercise the regional leadership that China has assumed. </P><P>Although teenagers across Asia follow Japanese fads and read Japanese comics, its cultural power has been no match for China's, which is exported through language ties, entrenched overseas communities and traditional philosophies. In addition, Japan's role as a ruthless military occupier during World War II created a legacy that still haunts the region. </P><P>During the days of war and Japanese dominance, for instance, allied forces fought to prevent Tokyo from constructing a railroad from southern China through Vietnam, Laos and down to Singapore as a conduit for oil supplies. Now, Tao remarked, China has announced plans to build just such a railway. </P>
Saturday, February 26, 2005; Page A01 </P><P><P>KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia -- Bespectacled and mild-mannered, Leong Kai Hin is every bit the professor. He teaches economics at a Kuala Lumpur university and seems most at home behind his computer grazing for statistics. </P><P>But Leong is off on a new project that, according to his assessment, says a lot about where East Asia is headed. In partnership with a mainland Chinese friend, Leong is organizing a strawberry importing business, hoping to cash in on Malaysia's hunger for juicy berries and the ability of Chinese farmers to grow them cheaply. </P><P>Leong's out-of-character leap from the classroom into competitive business, he says, is just a small example of rapidly expanding economic activity generated across East Asia by China's 9 percent annual growth. From Japan southward to Indonesia, companies and governments have come to rely on China as a market for vital exports -- from palm oil to semiconductors -- and a source for the imports that delight local business people . </P><P>With stronger economic ties between East Asian countries and China has come a rise in Beijing's political and diplomatic influence, according to a variety of sources in China and the region. Treading softly but casting a big shadow, they say, China has emerged as an active and decisive leader in East Asia, transforming economic and diplomatic relationships across an area long dominated by the United States. </P><P>The shift in status, increasingly clear over the past year, has changed the way Chinese officials view their country's international role as well as the way other Asians look to Beijing for cues. In many ways, China has started to act like a traditional big power, tending to its regional interests and pulling smaller neighbors along in its wake. </P><P>The new Chinese role has been evident recently in international efforts to deal with North Korea's declared nuclear arsenal. When Kim Jong Il's government declared Feb. 10 that it was suspending participation in Chinese-sponsored six-nation nuclear talks, the question that arose immediately in Asian capitals and beyond was: What will China do about it? </P><P>Japan, whose economy surpasses China's by a large margin, in some ways has been the Asian country most uncomfortable with China's rising stature. The oil sources and sea lanes increasingly seen as vital by China and its traders have long been viewed the same way by Japan. In that light, Japan's government has tightened strategic cooperation with the United States, and in December, it issued a 10-year defense program that identified China as a potential threat. </P><P>Chinese officials and foreign policy specialists emphasized in interviews that they had no intention of challenging the U.S. role as Asia's main military power, a fact of life here since World War II. U.S. power was on vivid display in East Asia after the Dec. 26 tsunami in southern Asia, with a U.S. carrier group dispatching helicopters to deliver food and medicine to hard-hit Indonesian towns while China's navy was nowhere on the horizon. </P><P>But with 1.3 billion people, 3.7 million square miles of territory and a $1.4 trillion economy, China is the rising regional leader in other fields. This view has come into focus particularly over the last year, when U.S. diplomacy has seemed preoccupied with Iraq or anti-terrorism and China increasingly has asserted its pre-eminence. </P><P>"There is now this feeling that we have to consult the Chinese," said Abdul Razak Baginda of the Malaysian Strategic Research Center. He added, "We have to accept some degree of Chinese leadership, particularly in light of the lack of leadership elsewhere." </P><P><B>From Outsiders to Insiders
</B>
China's leadership has become visible in small but telling ways. Premier Wen Jiabao was clearly the star, for instance, at an Association of Southeast Asian Nations summit conference in Laos in November. Lower-ranking ASEAN diplomats have begun to turn to Chinese colleagues for guidance during international meetings, according to a senior foreign diplomat with long experience at such Asian gatherings. </P><P>"I was struck by how naturally, even at the working level, the other Asians looked to China and how naturally China played that role," the diplomat said, noting that only a few years ago, Chinese diplomats were viewed as outsiders. </P><P>The change also comes across in bigger and more formal ways. In particular, China has taken the lead in organizing an East Asian summit conference for next November that, according to Chinese and other observers, will formalize Chinese regional leadership in several aspects. </P><P>A senior Chinese diplomat said it had not been decided whether the United States will be invited to attend and, if so, in what capacity. That the question of U.S. participation is even on the table dramatizes the shift in Asia's diplomatic landscape. </P><P>As envisioned by the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the summit deliberately frames participation on a country-by-country basis, dispersing ASEAN's combined weight and enhancing China's role as first among equals. "It's very subtle, but it could be very important," the senior Chinese Foreign Ministry official said. </P><P>The ASEAN countries -- Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam -- increasingly have begun to deal with China individually rather than as a bloc. As a result, an association that began with U.S. encouragement in 1967 in large measure to fend off Communist Chinese influence has evolved into a forum through which China exercises its regional leadership. </P><P>Other examples of Chinese leadership include the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, a security forum comprising China, Russia and four former Soviet republics along China's northwest borders. As a part of this grouping, China's formerly standoffish military recently held anti-terrorism exercises with Kazakhstan and plans exercises next fall with the Russian military. </P><P>But China's new face has been most apparent in its dealings with the ASEAN countries, mainly because of the economic equation. At China's initiative, for instance, ASEAN countries and China in December agreed to create a free-trade zone by 2010, which would further integrate neighboring countries into China's orbit. </P><P>Trade between China and the 10 ASEAN countries has increased about 20 percent a year since 1990, and the pace has picked up in the last several years. Bilateral trade hit $78.2 billion in 2003, up 42.8 percent from the previous year. Chinese and ASEAN officials said the figure was about $100 billion and rising by the end of 2004. </P><P>"This is the locomotive that will bring growth for the Asian economies," said Leong, the professor who, in addition to his day job at a local branch of Nottingham University, advises the Associated Chinese Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Malaysia on how to make the most of the new situation. </P><P>Partly because 25 percent of its population is ethnic Chinese, Malaysia has been one of the major beneficiaries of China's growth. It exported only $1.2 billion annually in goods to China a decade ago. That figure hit $6 billion in 2003 and reached $6.4 billion in the first 10 months of 2004, according to the Chinese and Malaysian governments. </P><P>"It all depends on your mindset," said Callum Chen, a Malaysian businessman whose company markets its underwear in 30 stores around Beijing and Shanghai. "The rise of China can be threatening. Or it can be an opportunity." </P><P><B>'Commercial Diplomacy'
</B>
China's foreign relations establishment has long adhered to an adage offered by the late Deng Xiaoping: "Never be a leader." In deference to that concern, Foreign Ministry officials recoil when the word leadership is used to describe what they are doing. Nonetheless, as the country's economic strength has grown, so has the confidence of its foreign policy and a recognition that the United States is no longer the only country on which others in Asia rely for leadership. </P><P>"China has sensed that there is an emerging transition of power in East Asia between China and the United States," said Shi Yinghong, who heads the People's University Center for American Studies in Beijing. Outside Asia, China's most immediate foreign relations concern has become an appetite for oil and other raw materials needed to sustain the economic boom. Tao Wenzhao, a senior researcher at the American Studies Institute at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said China had been carrying out "commercial diplomacy" far and wide. </P><P>In recent years, China has contracted in a range of distant countries for oil supplies, from Sudan and Angola in Africa to Indonesia and even Canada. President Hu Jintao's recent trip to Latin America dramatized the country's new interest in that part of the world, traditionally a U.S. domain, including plans for $20 billion worth of business in Argentina. </P><P>In the first 11 months of 2004, China invested $889 million in Latin America, according to the Commerce Ministry, as part of the government's "go out" strategy to guarantee raw material imports. On return from a recent trip to Beijing, President Hugo Chavez of Venezuela said that in coming years, Chinese firms would invest nearly $350 million to extract oil from eastern Venezuelan fields and another $60 million in natural gas wells. </P><P>Although strictly business now, a senior European diplomat noted, these commitments herald future Chinese diplomatic and security interests beyond Asia. Buying oil in Africa or Latin America, he explained, implies a concern for stability and friendship in the source countries and for security in sea lanes leading back to China. In one small sign of this evolution, the Foreign Ministry recently set up a department to monitor the safety of Chinese working abroad. </P><P><B>Cultural Domination
</B>
By expanding its activity abroad, China inevitably has bumped against existing international relationships. Japan, with its extensive economic relationships around the region, so far has most keenly felt this aspect of China's rising influence. But Japan has never been in a position to exercise the regional leadership that China has assumed. </P><P>Although teenagers across Asia follow Japanese fads and read Japanese comics, its cultural power has been no match for China's, which is exported through language ties, entrenched overseas communities and traditional philosophies. In addition, Japan's role as a ruthless military occupier during World War II created a legacy that still haunts the region. </P><P>During the days of war and Japanese dominance, for instance, allied forces fought to prevent Tokyo from constructing a railroad from southern China through Vietnam, Laos and down to Singapore as a conduit for oil supplies. Now, Tao remarked, China has announced plans to build just such a railway. </P>
凭什么让小日本过舒坦日子啊？！
<P>唉</P><P>不是不给它机会</P><P>但日本人只想做美国人的狗</P><P>不想做亚洲的日本</P><P>还能怪别人吗</P>
<P>日本人做狗做的开心的很，做人恐怕不在他们考虑的范围。</P>
<P>嘿嘿</P><P>也是</P><P>起码做人需要站起来</P>[em01]
<P>说得对，快餐式文化毕竟上不了台面</P>
<B>以下是引用<I>wangfeiyin</I>在2005-2-27 12:32:00的发言：</B>
<P>说得对，快餐式文化毕竟上不了台面</P>
<P>
<P>呵呵，</P>
<P>恰倒好处</P>
不舒服的恐怕也包括美国人自己吧?
<P>气死小日本!</P>
美国人对日本人的看法也是很复杂的
狗都比日本人好，日本人就是腔肠科的动物，自己日自己。。
不要侮辱动物[em01]
<B>以下是引用<I>罐头云</I>在2005-2-27 2:55:00的发言：</B>
凭什么让小日本过舒坦日子啊？！
好像是中国人在慢慢醒来时发现旁边那一陀一陀的很不顺眼。[em05]
<P>现在就不舒服了，还早得很，以后有小日本吃苦的时候。</P>
<P>中国可是自古以来就以中央帝国自居的哦，所以做事情有老大的风范。虽然有些年头犯糊涂，差点被黑掉~``</P><P>反观日本，谁强跟谁，整个一墙头草的命，脱亚入欧叫起来多时髦，可是在这世界上没了根本怎么好混。</P>
<P>和小鬼子玩就要做“持久战”的准备。就像老美当年拖垮老苏联一样，别急，慢慢拖死它。</P>
<P>韬光养晦？</P><P>哈哈</P><P>ren ru tou sheng</P>[em02]