Soyuz-TMA 飞船的改进型Soyuz TMA-M将在10月8日首发

36中陈旧过时设备被19中新一代设备替代。

新的温控和动力供应系统

飞船的整体制造工艺经济型更好

通信，导航以及控制系统的数字化。

减重70kg，预定今年10月8日发射

这个图不错，收了。

旧瓶装新酒，应该是700系列吗？

终于改进鸟，模拟电路进入数字化时代鸟

毛子人机界面 一向很差，当前苏联的宇航员，实在有点难过

当年要搞全面改进的TMM，没钱。为搭老美上空间站，搞了个人机工程优化的TMA
后来要搞个部分改进的TMS，就是这个TMA-M吧

和我们的神舟比呢？

千万别说是各有千秋。

怎么，之前还是模拟的？ = =

毛子的货运飞船优势在于便宜啊 如果涨价太多就没意思了

JSTCVW09CD 发表于 2010-9-29 21:53
一直是数字化，只不过之前的计算机个头比较重罢了


Argon-16 Computer
1.Airborne Argon-16 computer system.
2.Chief designers: N. N. Solovyov, M.Sc., A. T. Yeryomin, M.Sc., G. D. Monakhov, M.Sc.
Development engineer: F.S. Vlasov.
3.Designing organization: Research Institute of Computer Engineering (NICEVT) of the USSR Ministry of Radio Engineering (since 1986 - Research Institute NII Argon).
4.Manufacturer: Kalmykov SAM factory of the USSR, Moscow.
5.Completion of development: 1973.
6.Beginning of production: 1974.
7.Termination of production: still in production.
8.Field of application: control systems of Soyuz and Progress spaceships, Salyut, Mir and Almaz space stations.
9.Total output of machines: 380.
10.Description: synchronous computer system with triple redundancy and majorization being carried out on per unit base with eight levels. It consists of three computers with data channels and a set of interfaces to the control system. The instruction set is specially designed for control tasks. I/O operations are combined with the calculation process.
Representation of numbers - fixed point.
Word length: 16 bits (word), 32 bits (double word); instruction length - 16 bits. Number of instructions - 32.
Speed: addition - 5 ms, multiplication - 45 ms.
RAM capacity: 3 x 2 Kbytes, ROM capacity - 3 x 16 Kbytes.
Interrupt system - one level from 16 sources. Number of multiplex I/O channels - 1 x 3.
Data rate - up to 80,000 Kbps.
I/O devices include analog-to-digital converter, digital-to-analog converter; code-to-interval and code-to-pulse converters; unit of relay signals with 72 inputs and 65 outputs; receiver and transmitter of serial code; tape drive interface and printer interface.
11.Element base: 106, 115 and 134 family ICs.
12.Design: the computer contains a computing and exchange unit, a RAM module, three ROM modules and an interface unit to the controlled object. All of them are mechanically combined and electrically connected comprising an entity. The printed circuit boards of all units are assembled in a book-like package and interconnected by a special rubber "spine" with flexible wires. Cooling is carried out by a forced ventilation system.
13.Technology: unified multilayer double-sided printed circuit boards produced by laminating. ICs are surface-mounted.
14.Software: a standard program set; special subroutines.
An automated programming system including an autocode with a compiler based on M-220 computer; an automated debugging system based on M-222 computer; a set of tests.
15.Specifications:
Range of operating temperatures - from 0 to +40°C operating temperatures.
Volume - 145 qdm.
Weight - 70 kg.
Power consumption - 280 W.
MTBF - 10,000 h.
16.Special features: extremely high reliability due to tripled synchronous structure with hardware majorization and technical solutions including printed circuit boards produced by laminating. During 25 years of operation no failures of the system were noted when working in control systems. By the production volume it is unrivalled among space computers.

内阁首辅 发表于 2010-9-29 22:45
{:wu:}算不上差。相比阿波罗飞船那一板子的按钮，毛货看起来还算清爽了（可能与推崇自动化的有关）。不过以当代的眼光看，确实落伍很多。


Descent module console SOI “Neptune” for the Soyuz T spaceship
1.Voltage and current indicator.
2.Indicator and manual information input unit for the onboard computer.
3.KEI – Integrated? Electronic Indicator. (Meaning uncertain for комбини-рованный)
4.Navigation position indicator.
5.Command-alarm panels with matrix selection of the control objects.
6.KEI signal parameter unit.
7.Important commands buttons.
8.Alarm panels.
9.Fuel consumption indicator.
10.Clock.

这就是那个返回舱计算机可回收的？

只看不说，自由高人解读

新操纵面板

IEEE Spectrum: A Digital Soyuz
Despite all the upgrades, "the flight crews will see almost no change," Bryukhanov said, "as the new spaceship will have a familiar interface that cosmonauts have been trained to operate." However, some changes have already been made for the crew’s convenience: Color displays replace monochrome ones, and control panels have been more ergonomically arranged. (The modernization will also more than double the cargo capacity of the cramped vehicle, from 50 kilograms to 120 kg, giving more flexibility to deliver repair tools and parts to the ISS in the absence of the space shuttle.)
尽管进行了全部的升级，“但飞行小组将看到几乎没有变化，Bryukhanov说，“作为新的飞船将有一个熟悉的界面，宇航员已开始培训操作。” 然而，有些变化已经为船员提供了很多方便：彩色显示器代替黑白的，控制面板也更符合人体工程学。现代化的改进也将飞船的货运能力增加一倍以上，从50公斤增加到120公斤。
Taken together with the new CPU and status indicators, these changes will now allow the Soyuz to be flown by a single professional pilot, accompanied by two crew members who need only minimal training on Soyuz systems and thus will be better prepared for their specialized in-orbit activities. The previous design required two fully trained crew members, with the third seat available for a research specialist with limited Soyuz flight duties.

http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/space-flight/a-digital-soyuz

新操纵面板

IEEE Spectrum: A Digital Soyuz
Despite all the upgrades, "the flight crews will see almost no change," Bryukhanov said, "as the new spaceship will have a familiar interface that cosmonauts have been trained to operate." However, some changes have already been made for the crew’s convenience: Color displays replace monochrome ones, and control panels have been more ergonomically arranged. (The modernization will also more than double the cargo capacity of the cramped vehicle, from 50 kilograms to 120 kg, giving more flexibility to deliver repair tools and parts to the ISS in the absence of the space shuttle.)
尽管进行了全部的升级，“但飞行小组将看到几乎没有变化，Bryukhanov说，“作为新的飞船将有一个熟悉的界面，宇航员已开始培训操作。” 然而，有些变化已经为船员提供了很多方便：彩色显示器代替黑白的，控制面板也更符合人体工程学。现代化的改进也将飞船的货运能力增加一倍以上，从50公斤增加到120公斤。
Taken together with the new CPU and status indicators, these changes will now allow the Soyuz to be flown by a single professional pilot, accompanied by two crew members who need only minimal training on Soyuz systems and thus will be better prepared for their specialized in-orbit activities. The previous design required two fully trained crew members, with the third seat available for a research specialist with limited Soyuz flight duties.

http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/space-flight/a-digital-soyuz

第2张是Soyuz_TM的"海王星-M"操纵控制台界面,2002年的产品；Soyuz_TMA已经改成"海王星-ME"，但属于单色显示器，上面那张最新改型是彩色的，所以叫TMA-A
这是"海王星-ME"，presents the general view of the new console in the reusable vehicle. The“Simvol”and “KL-110”display systems and, as mentioned above, all the links to the onboard control complex are retained and used at the first stage of upgrading the IDS and the onboard complex control system (OCCS). A new MIL-STD-1553B link is included to the new computer system.
    The console includes:
    • two ICCs one of which contains VGA video monitors: a color monitor (8 colors with no gradation) and a monochrome monitor (16 grey levels);
    • two marker control units (MCU)

算不上差。相比阿波罗飞船那一板子的按钮，毛货看起来还算清爽了（可能与推崇自动化的有关）。不过 ...
大脑怪物 发表于 2010-10-1 14:11

第2张是Soyuz_TM的"海王星-M"操纵控制台界面,2002年的产品；Soyuz_TMA已经改成"海王星-ME"，但属于单色显示器，上面那张最新改型是彩色的，所以叫TMA-A
这是"海王星-ME"，presents the general view of the new console in the reusable vehicle. The“Simvol”and “KL-110”display systems and, as mentioned above, all the links to the onboard control complex are retained and used at the first stage of upgrading the IDS and the onboard complex control system (OCCS). A new MIL-STD-1553B link is included to the new computer system.
    The console includes:
    • two ICCs one of which contains VGA video monitors: a color monitor (8 colors with no gradation) and a monochrome monitor (16 grey levels);
    • two marker control units (MCU)

海王星-ME（“Neptune-ME”IDS for “Soyuz-TMA”Spaceship）的描述
• three computer modules (CM) which are software and hardware compatible with an IBM PC. The two CMs together with the video monitors and the marker control unit form two ICCs, i.e. two onboard personal computers. The third CM is designed to receive, process and transmit analog information to the ICC CM;
    • information input-output units of the onboard computer system via the interface similar to that of the“Soyuz-TM”“Neptune”IDS;
    • communication interface module using a MIL-STD-1553B bus to a KSO20 computer which is incorporated into the “Soyuz-TMA”DM onboard equipment;
    • video processors to input television information to the ICC and to transmit information from the ICC to a TV system for further transmission to the Mission Control Center;
    • ICC communications with telemetry;
    • signal input from the console controls and the emergency warning system;
    • a light/audio emergency warning system;
    • command output with mechanical protection from occasional swith-on;
    • spaceship power protection from short-circuits in the console and some other components.
    The hardware is developed and selected to satisfy the requirements for operations under weightlessness and DM depressurization conditions, i.e. the operations of suited cosmonauts.
    The system base contains system computing facilities, screens, information support (IS) and software (SW). The system IS and SW provide the man-computer interface (MCI).
    At the first stage of the upgrading the actions are taken to retain the interface of the earlier console to the maximum extent. The new console implements no programmed temporal control that significantly reduces the effectiveness of cosmonaut activities.
First Information Display Format of the“Soyuz-TMA”Cosmonaut Console Screen

Example of the Control and Test Format for One of the“Soyuz-TMA”Systems

Example of the“Soyuz-TMA”Cosmonaut/Onboard Computer System Interface Format for Set Point Input
Marker control units (MCU)


海王星-ME（“Neptune-ME”IDS for “Soyuz-TMA”Spaceship）的描述
• three computer modules (CM) which are software and hardware compatible with an IBM PC. The two CMs together with the video monitors and the marker control unit form two ICCs, i.e. two onboard personal computers. The third CM is designed to receive, process and transmit analog information to the ICC CM;
    • information input-output units of the onboard computer system via the interface similar to that of the“Soyuz-TM”“Neptune”IDS;
    • communication interface module using a MIL-STD-1553B bus to a KSO20 computer which is incorporated into the “Soyuz-TMA”DM onboard equipment;
    • video processors to input television information to the ICC and to transmit information from the ICC to a TV system for further transmission to the Mission Control Center;
    • ICC communications with telemetry;
    • signal input from the console controls and the emergency warning system;
    • a light/audio emergency warning system;
    • command output with mechanical protection from occasional swith-on;
    • spaceship power protection from short-circuits in the console and some other components.
    The hardware is developed and selected to satisfy the requirements for operations under weightlessness and DM depressurization conditions, i.e. the operations of suited cosmonauts.
    The system base contains system computing facilities, screens, information support (IS) and software (SW). The system IS and SW provide the man-computer interface (MCI).
    At the first stage of the upgrading the actions are taken to retain the interface of the earlier console to the maximum extent. The new console implements no programmed temporal control that significantly reduces the effectiveness of cosmonaut activities.
First Information Display Format of the“Soyuz-TMA”Cosmonaut Console Screen

Example of the Control and Test Format for One of the“Soyuz-TMA”Systems

Example of the“Soyuz-TMA”Cosmonaut/Onboard Computer System Interface Format for Set Point Input
Marker control units (MCU)

大脑怪物 发表于 2010-10-1 14:11

9ifly里的那个也是你?

JSTCVW09CD 发表于 2010-9-29 16:33
新飞行控制计算机ЦВМ-101

海王星-ME面板

1 INPU command unit.
2 Color VGA monitor.
3 Alarm and safety devices (circuit breakers).
4 Voltage meter.
5 Sokol suit fans.
6 Status indicators.
7 Monochrome VGA monitor.
8 Critical command buttons

暴力英雄 发表于 2010-10-4 22:39

暴力英雄归来科普，欢迎哎 :handshake

不客气!因为不少网站都在关注,所以我也看看.
新飞控计算机ЦВМ-101模块,全重9公斤.采用了1B812微处理器,是一种紧凑型RISC处理器，集成了内存管理模块、数据高速缓存和指令缓存、一个32位外部总线接口模块、流水线浮点协处理器和单芯片微控制器1V812。其实是山寨IDT公司的79R3081E ，相当于i486水平

注意看，有块ACTEL！

这是老式的氩-16,重27公斤

暴力英雄归来科普，欢迎哎
JSTCVW09CD 发表于 2010-10-5 22:32

不客气!因为不少网站都在关注,所以我也看看.
新飞控计算机ЦВМ-101模块,全重9公斤.采用了1B812微处理器,是一种紧凑型RISC处理器，集成了内存管理模块、数据高速缓存和指令缓存、一个32位外部总线接口模块、流水线浮点协处理器和单芯片微控制器1V812。其实是山寨IDT公司的79R3081E ，相当于i486水平

注意看，有块ACTEL！

这是老式的氩-16,重27公斤

谁说神舟不是联盟？

暴力英雄 发表于 2010-10-6 03:56


    Argon系列计算机太老了。 当然应用也最广泛............argon的设计局现在作为貌似很少。


新计算机芯片的设计局也是军民两用了。 设计思路以前看了下，很新颖。

空天飛行器出來以前，神舟也該推出新一代的飛船了。

黑白变彩色，CRT变LED

别人都穿“衣服”拉，TG的什么时候才有衣服穿？
真10月8号上天？期待

=================

我们的新飞船在哪里

新飞船舱室布局

新设计的与国际空间站对接口

http://en.rian.ru/science/20101008/160875813.html

=========

成功发射。

MISSION CONTROL, October 8 (RIA Novosti) - Russia's Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft blasted off on Friday for the International Space Station (ISS) from the Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan.

The spacecraft has three crewmembers on board who are Russian cosmonauts Alexander Kaleri and Oleg Skripochka and U.S. astronaut Scott Kelly.

The docking of the spacecraft with the ISS is scheduled for October 10 at 4:02 Moscow time (0:02 GMT).

Soyuz TMA-M is a new model and was designed to replace Soyuz TMA spacecraft currently in use. The new spacecraft has newly equipped in-flight measurement systems, new guidance, navigation and control equipment.

The weight of the spacecraft has been reduced by 70 kg (154 lbs) and its construction has been improved to make it easier to manufacture.

仨柚子终于全面数字化了？

新网RUSNEWS.CN拜科努尔航天发射场（哈萨克斯坦）10月8日电 据俄新社记者报道，第一艘装备有数字控制系统的新型“联盟TMA-M”号载人宇宙飞船与“联盟- FG”运载火箭分离并进入国际空间站远地轨道。

“联盟TMA-M”号飞船在预计时间内与第三级火箭正常分离。

这次飞行的一个主要任务是测试新型“联盟TMA-M”号与更新的系统的工作情况，包括计算系统和遥测系统。

飞行期间俄罗斯宇航员亚历山大·卡连里将测试飞船上的CVM- 101新数字电脑。除了这名俄罗斯宇航员之外，飞船上还有俄罗斯人奥列格·斯克里波奇卡和美国国家航空航天局(NASA)宇航员斯科特·凯利。

计划在莫斯科时间10月10日4点零2分自动与国际空间站对接。

暴力英雄 发表于 2010-10-6 03:56

原来是9ifly来的朋友，握个抓先:D

老式的 argon-16 貌似是70kg，毛子自己的网站上写的
http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/argon16.htm


另外部分图是不是从这里找的？
http://web.mit.edu/slava/space/essays/essay-tiapchenko4.htm

可惜换汤不换药，虽然用上了GUI，soyuz始终还是一个载人大卫星。。。:D

不过据说可以放心的实现单人驾驶了~~~

第2张是Soyuz_TM的"海王星-M"操纵控制台界面,2002年的产品；Soyuz_TMA已经改成"海王星-ME"，但属于单色 ...
暴力英雄 发表于 2010-10-4 20:25

可惜换汤不换药，虽然用上了GUI，soyuz始终还是一个载人大卫星。。。:D

不过据说可以放心的实现单人驾驶了~~~

大脑怪物 发表于 2010-10-9 23:28


    30多年的老家伙了，改换了。

相当于捷达换上速腾的仪表板，下班回家还能把车载电脑拿回去

大脑怪物 发表于 2010-10-9 23:28

:handshake
9494,还是你的帖子才看见这个,多谢!!:victory:

大脑怪物 发表于 2010-10-9 23:32


    貌似氩-16还是原来那种位片式计算机吧?够老的[:a1:]