利益摆两边,道义放中间-----上海老范

来源:百度文库 编辑:超级军网 时间:2024/03/29 00:52:00
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: KaiTi_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face="Times New Roman">关于道德与理性的问题——</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: STZhongsong; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">回“大龙猫”网友</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: STZhongsong;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: STZhongsong;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">范海辛</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">本人“再批闲言”上帖后,有“大龙猫”网友回帖质疑,其所提问题中,大部分无评论价值,现仅择其要点,作如下回复,务请“大龙猫”及诸网友指正。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">循“大龙猫”书写格式,将“大龙猫”所引在下章句与其“阅读理解”置于横线上,横线下为本人答复。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">【一,<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从理性主义的角度看,既然我们不能马上实现至善,那么我们先来克服小恶,达致小善。你可以“损人利己”,但你不能“损人不利己”。袭击平民、虐杀战俘、雇佣童兵、吃人肉此四项,即为“损人不利己”。】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">阅读理解:俺幼儿园的时候俺老师就说“千万不能干损人利己的事情哦”。俺一直认为只要是老师说的就是对的,可是俺幼儿园的苗苗老师和范老师说的不一样,该听谁的。不过俺听懂了,“虐待战俘”是不对的,严重鄙视美国佬。看看俺们当初是怎么对待日本战俘的,那叫理性。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”以幼儿园老师的教导为论据,正说明其患有“类人孩”的思维幼稚症。其理性与闲言所秉持的逻辑相同——要么是至善,要么就免谈善恶,怎么恶都行。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理性主义认为,像雷锋那样的“毫不利己,专门利人”的共产主义精神当然应该提倡,但不能作为对一般公民的要求,所以只能提倡,不能强求。更不能借“奉献”为名要拆迁户服从“政绩工程”的大局而罔顾拆迁户的合法利益。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在当今物欲横流、人人视“损人利己”为当然的现实面前,先来禁绝“损人不利己”,如民众大多都能做到,则相机再进一步,要求以“双赢”代替“损人利己”。这样的做法虽然不甚爽气,但却比较扎实,体现了精神文明进步的渐近性。一步登天、一蹴而就的要求不切实际。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">二,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">【1,<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">作为年长者对闲言个人的建议</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">作为一个智者、一个理性主义者,一事当前,应首先为自己打算。不懂得这一点的人,非傻即疯。在理性主义者看来,这个世界上最神圣不可侵犯的,应该是自己的利益。如何使自己的利益最大化呢?当然要靠脑而非靠肌肉、情欲或意志。】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">阅读理解:看拉!看拉!这句话最颠覆俺,原来刘胡兰啦、董存瑞啦、黄继光啦都是非疯即傻,俺算是被骗啦。想想汪精卫先生、周作人前辈真是一个智者和理性主义者啊。俺小年轻还真是不如年长者过的桥多。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”认为,笔者指不懂得自私自利者为“非傻即疯”是对雷锋、黄继光等英雄的亵渎,似有汉奸卖国贼之嫌。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">笔者认为,自私自利乃俗世之人的本性。“非傻即疯”是话糙理不糙。不可否认,各民族都有少数违背此本性的人出现,他们不顾个人与家庭的安危,为了理想,不惜抛头颅、洒热血。但是在这些反常的人中,可分为两类,一类是被我们奉为英雄的人,如雷锋、黄继光等,另一类则如本</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">拉登、希特勒等。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">站在小市民、市侩的角度看,雷锋确实是傻子。但作为理性主义者的我,只有这么一点觉悟,反正自己达不到雷锋的觉悟水平,只得实话实说。“大龙猫”以此指责、批评本人,本人虚心接受,坚决不该。因为一是自己做不到,二是无权要求他人做到,三是还有些担心——某愤青认为当今社会资本主义已经复辟,决心向雷锋、黄继光学习,舍小家、顾大家,发动一批志同道合者上山打游击,以求来个“农村包围城市”的改朝换代,那又如何是好?故与其人人争当“义士”搞得天下不太平,莫如学理性主义自私自利搞实惠,以天下太平为好。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”赞许的高调道德既有其利的一面,亦有其弊的一面,综合平衡后为利小弊大。理性主义自私自利属低调道德,为利大弊小。因为它无论对统治者还是被统治者而言,都如同臭豆腐,闻闻臭,吃起来香。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以上这些都属常识,“大龙猫”不必以此来装傻卖乖。但中国历代统治者为何都好在道德说教上走高端路线?这就有必要在此多费些笔墨了。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中国文化与西方理性主义文化最大的不同在于,中国是“伦理中心”的文化,西方则是“认知中心”的文化。在我们常说的“真善美”序列中,西方人认为“真”排在首位是天经地义的,只有掌握了真理,才能做到善与美。中国则不同,如果今人拿这个序列去测问先儒,他们肯定认为其排序为“善真美”,善是最根本的,有了善(良善的意图与行为</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">),才能掌握真、达致美。故古代儒生,必先正心诚意,使自己在主观上达到善的要求,然后才能掌握治国平天下的本事。在这里,先儒们认为,善与真之间存有神秘的联系(实际上先儒并无现代意义上的“真”的观念,所谓真只是表像之真,而这个真又与“实用”、“有效”等概念纠缠在一起),善本身就包含着真。于是善就成为“政治正确”与政权合法性的根源。故扬善成为历代统治者安身立命的法宝。尽管统治者的常识理性使他明白高调道德的非理性,但他们是醉翁之意不在酒,而在于高调道德的威权性——我提倡至善,那我本身就是至善,是不能反对与腹诽的。如果把高调道德中的神秘性抽掉,那么其弊大利小的功效性便立马显现了。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”以汉奸卖国贼的帽子来责难自私自利的升斗小民,不过是古代高调道德的诛心之术罢了,毫无正当性与合理性可言。按“大龙猫”的高调道德律的要求,在敌国入侵时,平民若为敌方俘虏,必慷慨赴死,若苟且偷生,那就是汉奸卖国贼无疑。但若以现代法理衡量之,问题就来了——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,你政府不能保护平民、使平民为敌军所俘,这已是政府失职,政府又有何权要求老百姓去死?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,平民在敌军的暴力面前,为保活命,无保密责任,即使屈打成招,也不能以叛徒卖国贼责难之(负保密责任的只有公务员与军人)。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">志愿军战俘回国后遭到的迫害与整肃,就是这种高调道德律造成的,而美国战俘回家,被政府与民众当成英雄欢迎,这就是两种道德律带来的不同后果。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-3-27 19:20:43编辑过]
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: KaiTi_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font face="Times New Roman">关于道德与理性的问题——</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: STZhongsong; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">回“大龙猫”网友</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: STZhongsong;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: STZhongsong;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">范海辛</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">本人“再批闲言”上帖后,有“大龙猫”网友回帖质疑,其所提问题中,大部分无评论价值,现仅择其要点,作如下回复,务请“大龙猫”及诸网友指正。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">循“大龙猫”书写格式,将“大龙猫”所引在下章句与其“阅读理解”置于横线上,横线下为本人答复。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">一,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">【一,<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从理性主义的角度看,既然我们不能马上实现至善,那么我们先来克服小恶,达致小善。你可以“损人利己”,但你不能“损人不利己”。袭击平民、虐杀战俘、雇佣童兵、吃人肉此四项,即为“损人不利己”。】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">阅读理解:俺幼儿园的时候俺老师就说“千万不能干损人利己的事情哦”。俺一直认为只要是老师说的就是对的,可是俺幼儿园的苗苗老师和范老师说的不一样,该听谁的。不过俺听懂了,“虐待战俘”是不对的,严重鄙视美国佬。看看俺们当初是怎么对待日本战俘的,那叫理性。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”以幼儿园老师的教导为论据,正说明其患有“类人孩”的思维幼稚症。其理性与闲言所秉持的逻辑相同——要么是至善,要么就免谈善恶,怎么恶都行。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理性主义认为,像雷锋那样的“毫不利己,专门利人”的共产主义精神当然应该提倡,但不能作为对一般公民的要求,所以只能提倡,不能强求。更不能借“奉献”为名要拆迁户服从“政绩工程”的大局而罔顾拆迁户的合法利益。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在当今物欲横流、人人视“损人利己”为当然的现实面前,先来禁绝“损人不利己”,如民众大多都能做到,则相机再进一步,要求以“双赢”代替“损人利己”。这样的做法虽然不甚爽气,但却比较扎实,体现了精神文明进步的渐近性。一步登天、一蹴而就的要求不切实际。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">二,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><font face="Times New Roman">【1,<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">作为年长者对闲言个人的建议</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">作为一个智者、一个理性主义者,一事当前,应首先为自己打算。不懂得这一点的人,非傻即疯。在理性主义者看来,这个世界上最神圣不可侵犯的,应该是自己的利益。如何使自己的利益最大化呢?当然要靠脑而非靠肌肉、情欲或意志。】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">阅读理解:看拉!看拉!这句话最颠覆俺,原来刘胡兰啦、董存瑞啦、黄继光啦都是非疯即傻,俺算是被骗啦。想想汪精卫先生、周作人前辈真是一个智者和理性主义者啊。俺小年轻还真是不如年长者过的桥多。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”认为,笔者指不懂得自私自利者为“非傻即疯”是对雷锋、黄继光等英雄的亵渎,似有汉奸卖国贼之嫌。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">笔者认为,自私自利乃俗世之人的本性。“非傻即疯”是话糙理不糙。不可否认,各民族都有少数违背此本性的人出现,他们不顾个人与家庭的安危,为了理想,不惜抛头颅、洒热血。但是在这些反常的人中,可分为两类,一类是被我们奉为英雄的人,如雷锋、黄继光等,另一类则如本</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">拉登、希特勒等。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">站在小市民、市侩的角度看,雷锋确实是傻子。但作为理性主义者的我,只有这么一点觉悟,反正自己达不到雷锋的觉悟水平,只得实话实说。“大龙猫”以此指责、批评本人,本人虚心接受,坚决不该。因为一是自己做不到,二是无权要求他人做到,三是还有些担心——某愤青认为当今社会资本主义已经复辟,决心向雷锋、黄继光学习,舍小家、顾大家,发动一批志同道合者上山打游击,以求来个“农村包围城市”的改朝换代,那又如何是好?故与其人人争当“义士”搞得天下不太平,莫如学理性主义自私自利搞实惠,以天下太平为好。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”赞许的高调道德既有其利的一面,亦有其弊的一面,综合平衡后为利小弊大。理性主义自私自利属低调道德,为利大弊小。因为它无论对统治者还是被统治者而言,都如同臭豆腐,闻闻臭,吃起来香。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以上这些都属常识,“大龙猫”不必以此来装傻卖乖。但中国历代统治者为何都好在道德说教上走高端路线?这就有必要在此多费些笔墨了。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中国文化与西方理性主义文化最大的不同在于,中国是“伦理中心”的文化,西方则是“认知中心”的文化。在我们常说的“真善美”序列中,西方人认为“真”排在首位是天经地义的,只有掌握了真理,才能做到善与美。中国则不同,如果今人拿这个序列去测问先儒,他们肯定认为其排序为“善真美”,善是最根本的,有了善(良善的意图与行为</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">),才能掌握真、达致美。故古代儒生,必先正心诚意,使自己在主观上达到善的要求,然后才能掌握治国平天下的本事。在这里,先儒们认为,善与真之间存有神秘的联系(实际上先儒并无现代意义上的“真”的观念,所谓真只是表像之真,而这个真又与“实用”、“有效”等概念纠缠在一起),善本身就包含着真。于是善就成为“政治正确”与政权合法性的根源。故扬善成为历代统治者安身立命的法宝。尽管统治者的常识理性使他明白高调道德的非理性,但他们是醉翁之意不在酒,而在于高调道德的威权性——我提倡至善,那我本身就是至善,是不能反对与腹诽的。如果把高调道德中的神秘性抽掉,那么其弊大利小的功效性便立马显现了。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“大龙猫”以汉奸卖国贼的帽子来责难自私自利的升斗小民,不过是古代高调道德的诛心之术罢了,毫无正当性与合理性可言。按“大龙猫”的高调道德律的要求,在敌国入侵时,平民若为敌方俘虏,必慷慨赴死,若苟且偷生,那就是汉奸卖国贼无疑。但若以现代法理衡量之,问题就来了——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,你政府不能保护平民、使平民为敌军所俘,这已是政府失职,政府又有何权要求老百姓去死?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,平民在敌军的暴力面前,为保活命,无保密责任,即使屈打成招,也不能以叛徒卖国贼责难之(负保密责任的只有公务员与军人)。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">志愿军战俘回国后遭到的迫害与整肃,就是这种高调道德律造成的,而美国战俘回家,被政府与民众当成英雄欢迎,这就是两种道德律带来的不同后果。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"> <p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-3-27 19:20:43编辑过]
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">三,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">【理性之源在于人的需求(满足欲望,消除恐惧),人的需求有物质的(吃穿用住行),还有精神的。精神的需求是人的本体,是人区别于动物的标志,即被承认、被平等相待。非理性主义者只重物质,不重精神,认为人的幸福只在于动物性需求被满足,看不到人的精神需求。他们把老百姓与自己都当牲口对待,对于老百姓,他们以生存权对抗人权中的政治权利,仿佛老百姓能吃饱穿暖就应知足;对自己,则视声色犬马、纸醉金迷为最高幸福,全然不知还有比这更高的精神享受。】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">阅读理解:(哭)俺真的以为“声色犬马、纸醉金迷”是最高幸福拉,已经满足俺的利益最大化啦。(拉着老师的衣角)范老师一定要给俺讲讲什么是更高的精神享受。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">“大龙猫”要我介绍比“声色犬马,纸醉金迷”更高的精神享受,笔者也认为有必要向那些沉溺于此道的流氓有产者(此尊称为刘洪波所发明)们介绍一下合乎理性的精神享受。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">人除了动物性的需求(吃穿用住行)外,还有精神需求。动物性需求可谓“生存”,精神需求可谓“发展”(精神需求严格说来在“生存”与“发展”两阶段都存在),譬如人的同情心与怜悯心等,只有在解决了自身的温饱之后,才有可能被满足。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">上面说了,笔者主张自私自利,但自私自利不等于一毛不拔。孔子的学生向他请教如何扶危济困,子曰“惠而不费”。即你可教会穷人一些谋生的手艺,这样既能使穷人得实惠,又不使你破费,岂不两全其美呼?在此过程中,你自会获得心灵上、精神上的慰籍与满足。这种精神享受是否比纸醉金迷、“一曲红绡不知数”更高一些呢?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">还有,晚上回家,看到凄风苦雨中的老人在卖报,虽然你不一定需要,但掏几块钱买个两三份,以使老人能早些回家。从老人感激的眼神中获得的慰籍,同样能使你感到同情心被满足后的愉悦。这种愉悦,我想不比你花上千元在上海大剧院欣赏芭蕾舞“卖火柴的小姑娘”要差吧?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">其他高尚的精神享受还有许多,譬如将原本打算去欧美旅游的几万元转作对物候学的业余研究,将原来为子女办豪华婚礼的钱省下捐给希望小学等。这些义举都会带来“声色犬马、纸醉金迷”所未曾有的精神体验。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">当然,不是说旅游、听歌剧、赏芭蕾和冒险等活动就不高尚,但理性主义总是偏好那些双赢、双利的活动。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">对此“大龙猫”也许会说,你刚才还鼓吹自私自利,这时却要捐款希望工程,岂不自相矛盾?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">这里有一个经济能力问题。在雷锋所处年月,国人生活水平堪称“赤贫”,其贫困程度非今日愤青所能想象。即使我是一个富于同情心的人,遇见更贫弱之人,往往也是力不能逮、爱莫能助。因此在当时温饱都不能解决的情况下,不少觉悟低的老百姓暗地里视雷锋为傻子。当人们的生活水平达到衣食无忧时,孔夫子的“惠而不费”的济贫原则就能为更多自私自利小市民接受。他们行善的原则是“利人不损己”,得到的是“授人玫瑰,手有余香”的精神满足与享受。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">“拔一毛利天下而不为”表面上是理性主义,实则是伪理性主义。你那个“九牛一毛”就那么重要吗?利他人、利天下难道对你就没好处吗?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">三,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">【理性之源在于人的需求(满足欲望,消除恐惧),人的需求有物质的(吃穿用住行),还有精神的。精神的需求是人的本体,是人区别于动物的标志,即被承认、被平等相待。非理性主义者只重物质,不重精神,认为人的幸福只在于动物性需求被满足,看不到人的精神需求。他们把老百姓与自己都当牲口对待,对于老百姓,他们以生存权对抗人权中的政治权利,仿佛老百姓能吃饱穿暖就应知足;对自己,则视声色犬马、纸醉金迷为最高幸福,全然不知还有比这更高的精神享受。】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">阅读理解:(哭)俺真的以为“声色犬马、纸醉金迷”是最高幸福拉,已经满足俺的利益最大化啦。(拉着老师的衣角)范老师一定要给俺讲讲什么是更高的精神享受。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">“大龙猫”要我介绍比“声色犬马,纸醉金迷”更高的精神享受,笔者也认为有必要向那些沉溺于此道的流氓有产者(此尊称为刘洪波所发明)们介绍一下合乎理性的精神享受。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">人除了动物性的需求(吃穿用住行)外,还有精神需求。动物性需求可谓“生存”,精神需求可谓“发展”(精神需求严格说来在“生存”与“发展”两阶段都存在),譬如人的同情心与怜悯心等,只有在解决了自身的温饱之后,才有可能被满足。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">上面说了,笔者主张自私自利,但自私自利不等于一毛不拔。孔子的学生向他请教如何扶危济困,子曰“惠而不费”。即你可教会穷人一些谋生的手艺,这样既能使穷人得实惠,又不使你破费,岂不两全其美呼?在此过程中,你自会获得心灵上、精神上的慰籍与满足。这种精神享受是否比纸醉金迷、“一曲红绡不知数”更高一些呢?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">还有,晚上回家,看到凄风苦雨中的老人在卖报,虽然你不一定需要,但掏几块钱买个两三份,以使老人能早些回家。从老人感激的眼神中获得的慰籍,同样能使你感到同情心被满足后的愉悦。这种愉悦,我想不比你花上千元在上海大剧院欣赏芭蕾舞“卖火柴的小姑娘”要差吧?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">其他高尚的精神享受还有许多,譬如将原本打算去欧美旅游的几万元转作对物候学的业余研究,将原来为子女办豪华婚礼的钱省下捐给希望小学等。这些义举都会带来“声色犬马、纸醉金迷”所未曾有的精神体验。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">当然,不是说旅游、听歌剧、赏芭蕾和冒险等活动就不高尚,但理性主义总是偏好那些双赢、双利的活动。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">对此“大龙猫”也许会说,你刚才还鼓吹自私自利,这时却要捐款希望工程,岂不自相矛盾?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">这里有一个经济能力问题。在雷锋所处年月,国人生活水平堪称“赤贫”,其贫困程度非今日愤青所能想象。即使我是一个富于同情心的人,遇见更贫弱之人,往往也是力不能逮、爱莫能助。因此在当时温饱都不能解决的情况下,不少觉悟低的老百姓暗地里视雷锋为傻子。当人们的生活水平达到衣食无忧时,孔夫子的“惠而不费”的济贫原则就能为更多自私自利小市民接受。他们行善的原则是“利人不损己”,得到的是“授人玫瑰,手有余香”的精神满足与享受。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">“拔一毛利天下而不为”表面上是理性主义,实则是伪理性主义。你那个“九牛一毛”就那么重要吗?利他人、利天下难道对你就没好处吗?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">四,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">【我认为,在价值理性与工具理性严重对立的情况下,撇开价值理性又如何?我们大家在“中间地带”都不谈善恶(指国内话题),只谈智与非智,为当局内外政策广提各类建设性意见,网友间以理性主义相互自我教育,这样岂不更好?】</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><br/></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">阅读理解:刚才俺还觉得价值理性比工具理性好呢,你为啥让俺抛掉呢?再说提“建设性意见”这种“损人不利己”的事情,俺才不干呢。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><div style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">我们现行的价值理性,是农业文明的产物,此价值理性阴差阳错地与斯大林的计划经济相合。行市场经济以来,经济基础与上层建筑之一的价值理性发生了尖锐的、全面的冲突,这是造成我们现在这个社会及其不和谐的根本原因。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">戴三块表</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">理论的进步意义在于,将文化与生产力并列,强调了文化在现代化进程中的能动的、革命的作用。但我们现在的问题恰恰出在文化上。我们自以为掌握了“先进文化”,实则这些被我们视为“先进”的文化,有不少恰恰是非马克思主义的落后文化,是农耕文明的产物。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">价值理性就是我们的文化观念。按理说价值理性应与工具理性统一,一个唱红脸、一个唱白脸,共同维护并增进我们的利益,保护并指引我们的经济基础发展壮大,就像发达国家一样。但我们现在的市场经济的经济基础却与落后传统的价值理性处于“战争状态”。譬如市场讲平等,而我们的价值理性却不承认平等,只承认官贵民贱,就是民众,也要划出三六九等;市场讲究权利义务对等,而我们的价值观却主张有权无责、有责无权……</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">再譬如,我们的价值理性坚决反对“西化”,这样首先遭殃的自然是马克思主义。过去我们的理性还承认“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”,现在高层的理性已经蜕化到了以地域作为检验真理的标准了。离开了马克思主义,我们这里的“主义”里实际只剩下了神神密密的“组织”了。于是党变成了“组织”,而党的灵魂却如九曲十八弯的黄河之水。所谓“组织”,正如军队——铁打的营盘流水的兵,今天“组织”的灵魂是阶级斗争,明天是改革开放,后天是“戴三块表”,大后天是“两个务必”。灵魂是小变年年有,大变三六九,惟有“组织”不变。“组织”是什么?是“个人服从组织,下级服从上级,全党服从中央,中央服从核心”,简言之就是“服从”。这个“组织”来源于中世纪的意大利西西里岛,在国际共产主义运动中时起时伏、时隐时现,一直与马克思主义作对,被马克思、恩格斯批判为产生于中世纪封建帮会“密谋学派”的“布朗基主义”,后经列宁发扬光大,更名为“布尔什维克主义</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。现在是“香客赶走了和尚”——产生于比儒教还要落后的东正教土壤上的“布尔什维克主义”的价值观居然赶走了马克思主义的科学理论,而我们一向奉为正统的“布尔什维克主义”的价值观,实际是反马克思主义的。所谓“十月革命一声炮响,给我们送来了马列主义”,送来了列宁主义是真,送来的马克思主义则是经列宁主义阉割过的。当然,不能否认“组织”在战争与计划经济年代的作用,但现在我们进入了马克思揭示了其根本规律的资本主义时代,非理性的“组织(服从)”必然与这个理性主义的时代发生不可调和的冲突。以这样的价值理性来规制市场经济,还不是腐败丛生,矛盾尖锐?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">因此,我主张在价值理性与工具理性尖锐对立的情况下,我们完全可以绕过这过时的价值理性,大家仅以工具理性论事。左派不要指责右派自私、卖国,右派也不要谴责左派拍马、误国——双方均不要在意图上互相攻击,转而站在工具理性的立场上专攻如何实现国家民族的利益最大化。此时不同意见的双方争辩的将会是智与非智,由于不涉及意图,故更易理性宽容。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">“大龙猫”将“提建设性意见”视为“损人不利己”,不知从何谈起,真让人丈二金刚摸不着头脑。譬如,我提“关于治理柴油车尾气污染方案”向政府建言,怎么会“损人不利己”呢?我们这个政府是奉行“意图伦理”的,只要你无颠覆的意图,你提建议、发牢骚,一般不会兴师问罪的,不知阁下的担忧从何而来?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">这里,我出一题目,希望众网民能关注——放松银根,给工薪阶层与农民工加薪,以释放人民币升值压力(有人担心此举会引发通涨,有人认为通涨是第四次分配——一次分配讲效率,二次分配讲公平,三次分配讲奉献,四次分配,就是通过通涨再分配……)。这样的讨论,不是比左右论战更有意义吗?</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">以上四点,如有不当之处,还望“大龙猫”及众网友不吝赐教。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black;"><p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></p></span></p><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">2005</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">年</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">8</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">月</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">7</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">日</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>
在下不才,谢谢“轰炸东京”网友帮助挂帖。
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