超级军网2005年美国中国军力报告 概述
来源：百度文库 编辑：超级军网 时间：2024/04/20 11:14:19
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
------by fireman119
The rapid rise of the People¡¯s Republic of China (PRC) as a regional political and
economic power with global aspirations is one of the principal elements in the emergence
of East Asia, a region that has changed greatly over the past quarter of a century. China¡¯s emergence has significant implications for the region and the world. The United States
welcomes the rise of a peaceful and prosperous China, one that becomes integrated as a
constructive member of the international community. But, we see a China facing a
strategic crossroads. Questions remain about the basic choices China¡¯s leaders will make as China¡¯s power and influence grow, particularly its military power.
做为地区性政治和经济大国的快速崛起，中国这个具有意欲问鼎世界权利顶峰的国家成为了在过去25年间急剧发生变化的东亚事务的主要元素。中国的快速崛起一直在暗示东亚和世界，其将成为世界权利的分配者。美国欢迎和平与繁荣的中国的崛起。但是，我们必须要看到，中国正处在一个战略交叉口上。我们对于中国日后的政策选择保持疑问：中国领导人对于其国力以及对外影响力的增长将做如何选择呢，特别需要我们关注的还有其军事力量。
The Chinese People¡¯s Liberation Army (PLA) is modernizing its forces, emphasizing
preparations to fight and win short-duration, high-intensity conflicts along China¡¯s
periphery. PLA modernization has accelerated since the mid-to-late 1990s in response to
central leadership demands to develop military options for Taiwan scenarios.
中国人民解放军正在现代化改装其部队，特别需要注意的是其在周边打赢现代化高强度的短期战争的能力的准备。从上世纪90年代中后期开始，中国中央政府提出需要增加解决台湾周边事务军事手段的可选项，中国人民解放军军事现代化开始加速。
In the short term, the PRC appears focused on preventing Taiwan independence or trying
to compel Taiwan to negotiate a settlement on Beijing¡¯s terms. A second set of
objectives includes building counters to third-party, including potential U.S., intervention
in cross-Strait crises. PLA preparations, including an expanding force of ballistic
missiles (long-range and short-range), cruise missiles, submarines, advanced aircraft, and
other modern systems, come against the background of a policy toward Taiwan that
espouses ¡°peaceful reunification.¡± China has not renounced the use of force, however.
Over the long term, if current trends persist, PLA capabilities could pose a credible threat
to other modern militaries operating in the region.
目前，中国呈现对台湾事务热心的事态，其主要注意力在防止台湾独立，或尝试强迫台湾与之谈判以北京的条件解决台湾问题。而其军队现代化另一个目标就是针对可能干涉台海事务的第三国，包括可能牵涉其中的美国。中国现代化计划中，包括扩展弹道导弹部队（远程和短程），巡航导弹，潜艇，先进战斗机和其他现代化系统。与和平统一台湾的政治基调冲突的是，中国一直没有放弃使用武力统一台湾。在长时间内，如果这种趋势得以保持，中国人民解放军将具备切实威胁该地区的任何一只现代化军队的能力并得以实施。
The PLA is working toward these goals by acquiring new foreign and domestic weapon
systems and military technologies, promulgating new doctrine for modern warfare,
reforming military institutions, personnel development and professionalization, and
improving exercise and training standards. We assess that China¡¯s ability to project
conventional military power beyond its periphery remains limited.
军事现代化其间，中国人民解放军借以获取新型的国外和国内武器系统，军事技术，发布新式现代化战争学说，改革军事机构，军事人员思想能力革新和军事人员专业化等各种方式，中国正在朝着军队现代化前进。我们从各种资料中评估出中国的常规军事力量投射能力已经超出其周边地区。
This report outlines what we know of China¡¯s national and military strategies, progress
and trends in its military modernization, and their implications for regional security and
stability. But, secrecy envelops most aspects of Chinese security affairs. The outside
world has little knowledge of Chinese motivations and decision-making and of key
capabilities supporting PLA modernization. Hence, the findings and conclusions are
based on incomplete data. These gaps are, of necessity, bridged by informed judgment.
这份报告概述了我们对中国国内以及其军事战略，进步发展，军事现代化发展趋势以及中国周边地区安全和稳定的认识。但是，中国安全事务带有大量的不可见性。外界一直以来对中国的决策和动机以及其支持国内军队现代化的主要能力都缺乏了解。因此，我们此处的报告只局限于不完整的数据。而局限性则借由具备多年研究相关中国事务的经验人员进行判断进而得出结论以弥补的。
The PLA¡¯s routine publication of a biannual Defense White Paper demonstrates some
improvement in transparency. However, China¡¯s leaders continue to guard closely basic
information on the quantity and quality of the Chinese armed forces. For example, the
U.S. Department of Defense still does not know the full size and composition of Chinese
government expenditure on national defense. Estimates put it at two to three times the
officially published figures.
中国人民解放军常规发布的一年两次国防白皮书是中国军方透明化方面改进的一个进步。但是，中国领导人依然对中国武装力量的数量和质量缄口不语。例如，美国国防部现今仍然不知道中国政府年度国防开支的总数和组成。以至于一直以来，普遍都认定中国国防年度开支为其政府公布数目的两到三倍。
------by fireman119
The rapid rise of the People¡¯s Republic of China (PRC) as a regional political and
economic power with global aspirations is one of the principal elements in the emergence
of East Asia, a region that has changed greatly over the past quarter of a century. China¡¯s emergence has significant implications for the region and the world. The United States
welcomes the rise of a peaceful and prosperous China, one that becomes integrated as a
constructive member of the international community. But, we see a China facing a
strategic crossroads. Questions remain about the basic choices China¡¯s leaders will make as China¡¯s power and influence grow, particularly its military power.
做为地区性政治和经济大国的快速崛起，中国这个具有意欲问鼎世界权利顶峰的国家成为了在过去25年间急剧发生变化的东亚事务的主要元素。中国的快速崛起一直在暗示东亚和世界，其将成为世界权利的分配者。美国欢迎和平与繁荣的中国的崛起。但是，我们必须要看到，中国正处在一个战略交叉口上。我们对于中国日后的政策选择保持疑问：中国领导人对于其国力以及对外影响力的增长将做如何选择呢，特别需要我们关注的还有其军事力量。
The Chinese People¡¯s Liberation Army (PLA) is modernizing its forces, emphasizing
preparations to fight and win short-duration, high-intensity conflicts along China¡¯s
periphery. PLA modernization has accelerated since the mid-to-late 1990s in response to
central leadership demands to develop military options for Taiwan scenarios.
中国人民解放军正在现代化改装其部队，特别需要注意的是其在周边打赢现代化高强度的短期战争的能力的准备。从上世纪90年代中后期开始，中国中央政府提出需要增加解决台湾周边事务军事手段的可选项，中国人民解放军军事现代化开始加速。
In the short term, the PRC appears focused on preventing Taiwan independence or trying
to compel Taiwan to negotiate a settlement on Beijing¡¯s terms. A second set of
objectives includes building counters to third-party, including potential U.S., intervention
in cross-Strait crises. PLA preparations, including an expanding force of ballistic
missiles (long-range and short-range), cruise missiles, submarines, advanced aircraft, and
other modern systems, come against the background of a policy toward Taiwan that
espouses ¡°peaceful reunification.¡± China has not renounced the use of force, however.
Over the long term, if current trends persist, PLA capabilities could pose a credible threat
to other modern militaries operating in the region.
目前，中国呈现对台湾事务热心的事态，其主要注意力在防止台湾独立，或尝试强迫台湾与之谈判以北京的条件解决台湾问题。而其军队现代化另一个目标就是针对可能干涉台海事务的第三国，包括可能牵涉其中的美国。中国现代化计划中，包括扩展弹道导弹部队（远程和短程），巡航导弹，潜艇，先进战斗机和其他现代化系统。与和平统一台湾的政治基调冲突的是，中国一直没有放弃使用武力统一台湾。在长时间内，如果这种趋势得以保持，中国人民解放军将具备切实威胁该地区的任何一只现代化军队的能力并得以实施。
The PLA is working toward these goals by acquiring new foreign and domestic weapon
systems and military technologies, promulgating new doctrine for modern warfare,
reforming military institutions, personnel development and professionalization, and
improving exercise and training standards. We assess that China¡¯s ability to project
conventional military power beyond its periphery remains limited.
军事现代化其间，中国人民解放军借以获取新型的国外和国内武器系统，军事技术，发布新式现代化战争学说，改革军事机构，军事人员思想能力革新和军事人员专业化等各种方式，中国正在朝着军队现代化前进。我们从各种资料中评估出中国的常规军事力量投射能力已经超出其周边地区。
This report outlines what we know of China¡¯s national and military strategies, progress
and trends in its military modernization, and their implications for regional security and
stability. But, secrecy envelops most aspects of Chinese security affairs. The outside
world has little knowledge of Chinese motivations and decision-making and of key
capabilities supporting PLA modernization. Hence, the findings and conclusions are
based on incomplete data. These gaps are, of necessity, bridged by informed judgment.
这份报告概述了我们对中国国内以及其军事战略，进步发展，军事现代化发展趋势以及中国周边地区安全和稳定的认识。但是，中国安全事务带有大量的不可见性。外界一直以来对中国的决策和动机以及其支持国内军队现代化的主要能力都缺乏了解。因此，我们此处的报告只局限于不完整的数据。而局限性则借由具备多年研究相关中国事务的经验人员进行判断进而得出结论以弥补的。
The PLA¡¯s routine publication of a biannual Defense White Paper demonstrates some
improvement in transparency. However, China¡¯s leaders continue to guard closely basic
information on the quantity and quality of the Chinese armed forces. For example, the
U.S. Department of Defense still does not know the full size and composition of Chinese
government expenditure on national defense. Estimates put it at two to three times the
officially published figures.
中国人民解放军常规发布的一年两次国防白皮书是中国军方透明化方面改进的一个进步。但是，中国领导人依然对中国武装力量的数量和质量缄口不语。例如，美国国防部现今仍然不知道中国政府年度国防开支的总数和组成。以至于一直以来，普遍都认定中国国防年度开支为其政府公布数目的两到三倍。
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-7-20 18:51:46编辑过]
------by fireman119
The rapid rise of the People¡¯s Republic of China (PRC) as a regional political and
economic power with global aspirations is one of the principal elements in the emergence
of East Asia, a region that has changed greatly over the past quarter of a century. China¡¯s emergence has significant implications for the region and the world. The United States
welcomes the rise of a peaceful and prosperous China, one that becomes integrated as a
constructive member of the international community. But, we see a China facing a
strategic crossroads. Questions remain about the basic choices China¡¯s leaders will make as China¡¯s power and influence grow, particularly its military power.
做为地区性政治和经济大国的快速崛起，中国这个具有意欲问鼎世界权利顶峰的国家成为了在过去25年间急剧发生变化的东亚事务的主要元素。中国的快速崛起一直在暗示东亚和世界，其将成为世界权利的分配者。美国欢迎和平与繁荣的中国的崛起。但是，我们必须要看到，中国正处在一个战略交叉口上。我们对于中国日后的政策选择保持疑问：中国领导人对于其国力以及对外影响力的增长将做如何选择呢，特别需要我们关注的还有其军事力量。
The Chinese People¡¯s Liberation Army (PLA) is modernizing its forces, emphasizing
preparations to fight and win short-duration, high-intensity conflicts along China¡¯s
periphery. PLA modernization has accelerated since the mid-to-late 1990s in response to
central leadership demands to develop military options for Taiwan scenarios.
中国人民解放军正在现代化改装其部队，特别需要注意的是其在周边打赢现代化高强度的短期战争的能力的准备。从上世纪90年代中后期开始，中国中央政府提出需要增加解决台湾周边事务军事手段的可选项，中国人民解放军军事现代化开始加速。
In the short term, the PRC appears focused on preventing Taiwan independence or trying
to compel Taiwan to negotiate a settlement on Beijing¡¯s terms. A second set of
objectives includes building counters to third-party, including potential U.S., intervention
in cross-Strait crises. PLA preparations, including an expanding force of ballistic
missiles (long-range and short-range), cruise missiles, submarines, advanced aircraft, and
other modern systems, come against the background of a policy toward Taiwan that
espouses ¡°peaceful reunification.¡± China has not renounced the use of force, however.
Over the long term, if current trends persist, PLA capabilities could pose a credible threat
to other modern militaries operating in the region.
目前，中国呈现对台湾事务热心的事态，其主要注意力在防止台湾独立，或尝试强迫台湾与之谈判以北京的条件解决台湾问题。而其军队现代化另一个目标就是针对可能干涉台海事务的第三国，包括可能牵涉其中的美国。中国现代化计划中，包括扩展弹道导弹部队（远程和短程），巡航导弹，潜艇，先进战斗机和其他现代化系统。与和平统一台湾的政治基调冲突的是，中国一直没有放弃使用武力统一台湾。在长时间内，如果这种趋势得以保持，中国人民解放军将具备切实威胁该地区的任何一只现代化军队的能力并得以实施。
The PLA is working toward these goals by acquiring new foreign and domestic weapon
systems and military technologies, promulgating new doctrine for modern warfare,
reforming military institutions, personnel development and professionalization, and
improving exercise and training standards. We assess that China¡¯s ability to project
conventional military power beyond its periphery remains limited.
军事现代化其间，中国人民解放军借以获取新型的国外和国内武器系统，军事技术，发布新式现代化战争学说，改革军事机构，军事人员思想能力革新和军事人员专业化等各种方式，中国正在朝着军队现代化前进。我们从各种资料中评估出中国的常规军事力量投射能力已经超出其周边地区。
This report outlines what we know of China¡¯s national and military strategies, progress
and trends in its military modernization, and their implications for regional security and
stability. But, secrecy envelops most aspects of Chinese security affairs. The outside
world has little knowledge of Chinese motivations and decision-making and of key
capabilities supporting PLA modernization. Hence, the findings and conclusions are
based on incomplete data. These gaps are, of necessity, bridged by informed judgment.
这份报告概述了我们对中国国内以及其军事战略，进步发展，军事现代化发展趋势以及中国周边地区安全和稳定的认识。但是，中国安全事务带有大量的不可见性。外界一直以来对中国的决策和动机以及其支持国内军队现代化的主要能力都缺乏了解。因此，我们此处的报告只局限于不完整的数据。而局限性则借由具备多年研究相关中国事务的经验人员进行判断进而得出结论以弥补的。
The PLA¡¯s routine publication of a biannual Defense White Paper demonstrates some
improvement in transparency. However, China¡¯s leaders continue to guard closely basic
information on the quantity and quality of the Chinese armed forces. For example, the
U.S. Department of Defense still does not know the full size and composition of Chinese
government expenditure on national defense. Estimates put it at two to three times the
officially published figures.
中国人民解放军常规发布的一年两次国防白皮书是中国军方透明化方面改进的一个进步。但是，中国领导人依然对中国武装力量的数量和质量缄口不语。例如，美国国防部现今仍然不知道中国政府年度国防开支的总数和组成。以至于一直以来，普遍都认定中国国防年度开支为其政府公布数目的两到三倍。
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-7-20 18:51:46编辑过]
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ------by fireman119
The rapid rise of the People¡¯s Republic of China (PRC) as a regional political and
economic power with global aspirations is one of the principal elements in the emergence
of East Asia, a region that has changed greatly over the past quarter of a century. China¡¯s emergence has significant implications for the region and the world. The United States
welcomes the rise of a peaceful and prosperous China, one that becomes integrated as a
constructive member of the international community. But, we see a China facing a
strategic crossroads. Questions remain about the basic choices China¡¯s leaders will make as China¡¯s power and influence grow, particularly its military power.
做为地区性政治和经济大国的快速崛起，中国这个具有意欲问鼎世界权利顶峰的国家成为了在过去25年间急剧发生变化的东亚事务的主要元素。中国的快速崛起一直在暗示东亚和世界，其将成为世界权利的分配者。美国欢迎和平与繁荣的中国的崛起。但是，我们必须要看到，中国正处在一个战略交叉口上。我们对于中国日后的政策选择保持疑问：中国领导人对于其国力以及对外影响力的增长将做如何选择呢，特别需要我们关注的还有其军事力量。
The Chinese People¡¯s Liberation Army (PLA) is modernizing its forces, emphasizing
preparations to fight and win short-duration, high-intensity conflicts along China¡¯s
periphery. PLA modernization has accelerated since the mid-to-late 1990s in response to
central leadership demands to develop military options for Taiwan scenarios.
中国人民解放军正在现代化改装其部队，特别需要注意的是其在周边打赢现代化高强度的短期战争的能力的准备。从上世纪90年代中后期开始，中国中央政府提出需要增加解决台湾周边事务军事手段的可选项，中国人民解放军军事现代化开始加速。
In the short term, the PRC appears focused on preventing Taiwan independence or trying
to compel Taiwan to negotiate a settlement on Beijing¡¯s terms. A second set of
objectives includes building counters to third-party, including potential U.S., intervention
in cross-Strait crises. PLA preparations, including an expanding force of ballistic
missiles (long-range and short-range), cruise missiles, submarines, advanced aircraft, and
other modern systems, come against the background of a policy toward Taiwan that
espouses ¡°peaceful reunification.¡± China has not renounced the use of force, however.
Over the long term, if current trends persist, PLA capabilities could pose a credible threat
to other modern militaries operating in the region.
目前，中国呈现对台湾事务热心的事态，其主要注意力在防止台湾独立，或尝试强迫台湾与之谈判以北京的条件解决台湾问题。而其军队现代化另一个目标就是针对可能干涉台海事务的第三国，包括可能牵涉其中的美国。中国现代化计划中，包括扩展弹道导弹部队（远程和短程），巡航导弹，潜艇，先进战斗机和其他现代化系统。与和平统一台湾的政治基调冲突的是，中国一直没有放弃使用武力统一台湾。在长时间内，如果这种趋势得以保持，中国人民解放军将具备切实威胁该地区的任何一只现代化军队的能力并得以实施。
The PLA is working toward these goals by acquiring new foreign and domestic weapon
systems and military technologies, promulgating new doctrine for modern warfare,
reforming military institutions, personnel development and professionalization, and
improving exercise and training standards. We assess that China¡¯s ability to project
conventional military power beyond its periphery remains limited.
军事现代化其间，中国人民解放军借以获取新型的国外和国内武器系统，军事技术，发布新式现代化战争学说，改革军事机构，军事人员思想能力革新和军事人员专业化等各种方式，中国正在朝着军队现代化前进。我们从各种资料中评估出中国的常规军事力量投射能力已经超出其周边地区。
This report outlines what we know of China¡¯s national and military strategies, progress
and trends in its military modernization, and their implications for regional security and
stability. But, secrecy envelops most aspects of Chinese security affairs. The outside
world has little knowledge of Chinese motivations and decision-making and of key
capabilities supporting PLA modernization. Hence, the findings and conclusions are
based on incomplete data. These gaps are, of necessity, bridged by informed judgment.
这份报告概述了我们对中国国内以及其军事战略，进步发展，军事现代化发展趋势以及中国周边地区安全和稳定的认识。但是，中国安全事务带有大量的不可见性。外界一直以来对中国的决策和动机以及其支持国内军队现代化的主要能力都缺乏了解。因此，我们此处的报告只局限于不完整的数据。而局限性则借由具备多年研究相关中国事务的经验人员进行判断进而得出结论以弥补的。
The PLA¡¯s routine publication of a biannual Defense White Paper demonstrates some
improvement in transparency. However, China¡¯s leaders continue to guard closely basic
information on the quantity and quality of the Chinese armed forces. For example, the
U.S. Department of Defense still does not know the full size and composition of Chinese
government expenditure on national defense. Estimates put it at two to three times the
officially published figures.
中国人民解放军常规发布的一年两次国防白皮书是中国军方透明化方面改进的一个进步。但是，中国领导人依然对中国武装力量的数量和质量缄口不语。例如，美国国防部现今仍然不知道中国政府年度国防开支的总数和组成。以至于一直以来，普遍都认定中国国防年度开支为其政府公布数目的两到三倍。
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-7-20 18:51:46编辑过]