韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人

来源:百度文库 编辑:超级军网 时间:2024/04/19 22:03:31
韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of the First Off the Sinking Ship

译文来源:
原文地址:http://www.nationalreview.com/fe ... ship-greg-pollowitz
翻译:龙腾

It is unclear why the Sewol leaned so farto the left before sinking, and why so many aboard the ship had been unable toescape, even though it took nearly two and a half hours for the vessel tocapsize and all but disappear underwater. A series of interviews Thursday withsurvivors, relatives, crew members and investigators offered a vivid picture ofhow the trip turned into a catastrophe, and possibly into South Korea’sworst disaster in decades.

目前还不清楚为什么这么多船上乘客无法逃生,尽管船只花了两个半小时才翻船然后在水底消失了。周四对幸存者,家属,船上工作人员的采访揭示了这次旅途成为灾难的原因,这也可能是韩国近数十年里最惨痛的灾难。


Investigators who questioned the ferry’scaptain, Lee Jun- seok, 69, on Thursday said the vessel had made a sharp turnto the left around the time it began to tilt. The Sewol had been sailingslightly off its usual course, they said, and Mr. Lee had apparently tried tosteer it back. But it was unclear why he had attempted such a turn in watersknown for their strong currents, or why the turn had caused the ship to lean toone side.

调查者采访了69岁的船长Lee Jun- seok,周四Lee Jun- seok在船只开始倾斜时打了一个急转。据称当时船只偏离了自己航向,LeeJun- seok试图想要挽回航向,但目前还不清楚为什么他会在水流如此湍急的地方进行如此举动,以及是什么导致了船的突然倾斜

The captain, in a brief appearance beforereporters Thursday, provided little clarity. “I can’t raise my face before thepassengers and family members of the missing,” he said. Officials have said Mr.Lee, who has been criticized for being among the first to leave the ship, couldface criminal charges

周四船长Lee Jun- seok在接受采访时说,“我没脸见乘客和失踪乘客的家属”,警方称第一批逃下船只的LeeJun- seok可能面临刑事指控

评论翻译:

I have to add that N O distress signal wassent from the ship. The first sign of distress was phoned in by a parent whentheir child called and told them what had happened.
The captain didn't call for help-- he eventold the passengers to sit tight and stay calm while he got off the ship. Scum bag.

我得补充船上都没有发出求救信号,第一个求救信号还是船上学生对自己父母发出的
船长都没有寻求帮助—他还告诉乘客要坐在原位保持镇静,而自己逃下船了,真是人渣

pink_ man go  
That's terrible. Why would he do that?

太可怕的,他为什么要这么做?

Fo oo our
Seriously. What the fuck could he have beenthinking? It's not like that would even save face. The only logical conclusionis that the captain is dumb as fuck

老实说,他当时到底在想说明?这不是说要面子的事情,唯一的结论就是他是一个蠢货

Pericles A T X  
A coward may not mean to be cowardly, but acoward he remains.

一个懦夫可能本意不是当懦夫,但他就是

Orange bron co  
What a night mare. My prayers go out to allof the victims and their families.

真是噩梦,我的祈祷与所有受害者和家人同在

Elephant_ Pizza l
I sincerely hope for the best for those whoare in the ship.

我真心希望这么船上的人都没事

pink_ man go
Y e a h but surely he could have made thedistress call, then safely got off the ship him self.

是的,但显然他可以发出求救信号的,然后再自己安全离开

U S Freedom
He thinks his life is worth more than everyone else's life.

他觉得自己的生活比别人的更值钱

Moon m e h
Like so many fucking students wore lifevests and stayed inside the ship because of the announcement.
The captain pretty much fucking murderedthose kids.
The survival rate would have been higher ifhe told every one to fucking jump into the sea

就像有很多学生穿着救生衣呆在船上,就因为船长的指令
船长就是特么谋杀了这些孩子
如果他告诉他们跳下船的话幸存率会大大提升

Good loch ness
O h gosh... Wish them the best of luck inrescuing every one.

喔天啊,祝他们援救顺利与好运

L boss
As a Korean I want to thank you all foryour respect and condolences

作为韩国人我想感谢你们的尊重和安慰

Edo ga wa
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of theFirst Off the Sinking Ship
you have to wonder why did they told every oneto stay where they are at while the captain and crew escaped without callingfor help
they obviously know help isn't comingbecause they didn't call for any.. they obviously know the boat was going tosink, that's why they escaped..
it feels almost like they don't want every oneto rush out so they'll have a better chance of escaping..

韩国船长是首个逃下沉船的人
你肯定要奇怪为什么他让所有人呆在船上而自己却不寻求帮助的离开了
他们显然知道不会有人来援救的,因为没有发出求救信号,他们显然知道船要下沉了,这就是他们逃跑的原因
我觉得他们就是不想有人跑出来,这样他们逃跑的机率更加大了

buck_ sa tan  
This story is making me feel real badinside. Kids, man, kids.

这个故事让我内心太难过了,这么多孩子

An n nd x1
Fuck this makes me so frustrated.
I don't even know how to express it intowords, those innocent kids listened to the fucking captain commands of stayinginside the ship then he leaves to save his own life.
Imagine how the children felt as theywaited for help, but ultimately for their own deaths. How the parents of thosechildren felt feeling so helpless wanting to do any thing in their power torescue them.
That captain is a fucking coward, where thefuck is his dignity. He values his life over 280 children's lives who are aboutto die because of him.
This is un believable, I can't even fathomhow he could do something like this. They're fucking children man, they trustedyou with their lives.

该死这让我太沮丧了
我都不知道怎么用言语表达了,这些无辜的孩子听了这个操蛋船长的指挥然后呆在船上,而船长自己却逃跑了
想象一下孩子们等待救援的样子,等待的却只能是死亡,这些孩子的家长该有多么的绝望
这个船长就是个懦夫,他的自尊在哪里,他把自己的生命看的比280个孩子还要重要,就因为自己的行为
这太不可思议了,我无法想象他会做出这样的事情,他们是孩子啊,他们用自己的生命来相信了你的话

Ald helm l
At least he was just incompetent and acoward.

至少他就是一个无能的懦夫

Asian In The Hood  
I can't imagine how the families arefeeling at this moment... I hope each and one of the people get rescued...

我无法想象家人此刻的心情,我希望大家都能获救

De caf_ Engineer  
470 people onboard. Two and a half hours tosink. At a paltry rate of 3 people per minute, every one could have made it outsafely. So many things have to fail and go wrong for 2/3 of the passengers tolose their lives, and it all starts with the captain.

船上有470人,有两个半小时的时间,大概每分钟可以救三个人,每个人都可以安全逃离的,有很多事情都失败了使得有三分之二的人要失去生命,而这都是因为船长

Interrupting sound l
I teach in South Korea. My students are ontheir way to Jeju today as well, but luckily they are flying.

我在韩国教书,我的学生今天也去济州岛,但幸运的是他们坐的飞机

Your Average Poster  
There has been so much death in the newslately. This is beginning to be a bit too much to bear...

最近新闻里有太多的伤亡了,这让我有点承受不了了

B k R
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of theFirst Off the Sinking Ship
I have a feeling with all the guilt,disgrace, and shame the ferry captain is going to end up killing him self.

韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人
我又预感船长会因为内疚耻辱而自杀的

C m kim
What a piece of shit

真是一个垃圾

Cats_ in_ Outer_ Spac
This is really upsetting, and I can noteven imagine what the poor families are going through right now.
Despite this, C N N is still primarilycovering the Malaysian flight. Is that really the most pressing news right now?

这真的太让人不安了,我甚至都无法想象孩子的家人要怎么度过
尽管如此,C N N还是在报道马来西亚飞机事件,这真的是目前最紧急的事情吗?

Mr X hin
Is there no training for ferry captains thesedays?

如今的船长都不用培训吗

Ferdinan do Falkland[S]  
Training, sure. Honor, ethics, sense ofduty? May be not so much...

当然有培训,尊敬,道德,责任感?可能没有

left_ click now
That captain deserves a knife to slice hisown throat that son of a bitch.

那个船长就应该拿把刀自己割喉自尽,真是婊子

Kar thus Wins  
On the anniversary of the Titanic's sinkingno less.

这就是泰坦尼克号的纪念日

Stone Cold Carl
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of theFirst Off the Sinking Ship
Bull shit. The first thing he did wasfucking dry his money in his wallet when he got off the boat. He doesn't careabout any one except him self and his wallet.

韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人
狗屎,首先他做的是下船之后晒干自己的钱包
他只关心自己和自己的钱包

Merk merk l
Any confirmation of this or is it just arumor? Seems highly unlikely.

这是真的还是谣言?看起来有点不真实

Fake pizza
When are they going to update the deathcount? It's been two days and it's +250 plus people, probably.

他们什么时候会更新死亡人数?已经过去两天了还有250多人呢可能

Dok tor ma buse  
A captain is supposed to be the last personleaving a sinking ship, not the first!

船长应该是最后一个离开船的,不是第一个!

Max Power_ Doh Nuts  
I hope they are successful with the rescueoperation and all passengers make it out alive.

我希望他们能够成功营救,所有乘客都能获救

Edo ga wa
Officials have said Mr. Lee, who has beencriticized for being among the first to leave the ship, could face criminalcharges. hope this guy gets death penalty.

警方称第一批逃下船只的LeeJun- seok可能面临刑事指控,希望这家伙能够获得死刑

Des mon duz
there is no death penalty in S. Korea

韩国没有死刑

Funky toe 4ply  
There are death penalty in South Korea.It just that they rarely use it.

韩国有死刑的,只是很少使用罢了

Capy tan n Hook
That man has single handedly possiblycaused the deaths of several hundred people through negligence and poordecision making. He's a fucking coward and deserves, y e a h i said it,deserves the death penalty.

这家伙以自己一己之力的错误决策可能造成了数百人的死亡,他就是懦夫,应该获得死刑

Lons da leite  
Can you imagine being the Captain, knowingall those high- school kids were still in their room after you told them to gothere, and then getting O F F the ship?! Throw this cowardly dog to the parentsor better y e t put him back on the boat.

你能想象作为船长,知道这些高中孩子还在船上,却告诉他们呆在那里自己却下船了?!把这种懦弱的狗扔到家长面前,或者再放回船上吧

Bao Bao Pocket
I guess I have to be that guy... butwho/where do I donate money to for this?

我觉得自己应该成为那个人,但我应该捐款给谁呢?韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of the First Off the Sinking Ship

译文来源:
原文地址:http://www.nationalreview.com/fe ... ship-greg-pollowitz
翻译:龙腾

It is unclear why the Sewol leaned so farto the left before sinking, and why so many aboard the ship had been unable toescape, even though it took nearly two and a half hours for the vessel tocapsize and all but disappear underwater. A series of interviews Thursday withsurvivors, relatives, crew members and investigators offered a vivid picture ofhow the trip turned into a catastrophe, and possibly into South Korea’sworst disaster in decades.

目前还不清楚为什么这么多船上乘客无法逃生,尽管船只花了两个半小时才翻船然后在水底消失了。周四对幸存者,家属,船上工作人员的采访揭示了这次旅途成为灾难的原因,这也可能是韩国近数十年里最惨痛的灾难。


Investigators who questioned the ferry’scaptain, Lee Jun- seok, 69, on Thursday said the vessel had made a sharp turnto the left around the time it began to tilt. The Sewol had been sailingslightly off its usual course, they said, and Mr. Lee had apparently tried tosteer it back. But it was unclear why he had attempted such a turn in watersknown for their strong currents, or why the turn had caused the ship to lean toone side.

调查者采访了69岁的船长Lee Jun- seok,周四Lee Jun- seok在船只开始倾斜时打了一个急转。据称当时船只偏离了自己航向,LeeJun- seok试图想要挽回航向,但目前还不清楚为什么他会在水流如此湍急的地方进行如此举动,以及是什么导致了船的突然倾斜

The captain, in a brief appearance beforereporters Thursday, provided little clarity. “I can’t raise my face before thepassengers and family members of the missing,” he said. Officials have said Mr.Lee, who has been criticized for being among the first to leave the ship, couldface criminal charges

周四船长Lee Jun- seok在接受采访时说,“我没脸见乘客和失踪乘客的家属”,警方称第一批逃下船只的LeeJun- seok可能面临刑事指控

评论翻译:

I have to add that N O distress signal wassent from the ship. The first sign of distress was phoned in by a parent whentheir child called and told them what had happened.
The captain didn't call for help-- he eventold the passengers to sit tight and stay calm while he got off the ship. Scum bag.

我得补充船上都没有发出求救信号,第一个求救信号还是船上学生对自己父母发出的
船长都没有寻求帮助—他还告诉乘客要坐在原位保持镇静,而自己逃下船了,真是人渣

pink_ man go  
That's terrible. Why would he do that?

太可怕的,他为什么要这么做?

Fo oo our
Seriously. What the fuck could he have beenthinking? It's not like that would even save face. The only logical conclusionis that the captain is dumb as fuck

老实说,他当时到底在想说明?这不是说要面子的事情,唯一的结论就是他是一个蠢货

Pericles A T X  
A coward may not mean to be cowardly, but acoward he remains.

一个懦夫可能本意不是当懦夫,但他就是

Orange bron co  
What a night mare. My prayers go out to allof the victims and their families.

真是噩梦,我的祈祷与所有受害者和家人同在

Elephant_ Pizza l
I sincerely hope for the best for those whoare in the ship.

我真心希望这么船上的人都没事

pink_ man go
Y e a h but surely he could have made thedistress call, then safely got off the ship him self.

是的,但显然他可以发出求救信号的,然后再自己安全离开

U S Freedom
He thinks his life is worth more than everyone else's life.

他觉得自己的生活比别人的更值钱

Moon m e h
Like so many fucking students wore lifevests and stayed inside the ship because of the announcement.
The captain pretty much fucking murderedthose kids.
The survival rate would have been higher ifhe told every one to fucking jump into the sea

就像有很多学生穿着救生衣呆在船上,就因为船长的指令
船长就是特么谋杀了这些孩子
如果他告诉他们跳下船的话幸存率会大大提升

Good loch ness
O h gosh... Wish them the best of luck inrescuing every one.

喔天啊,祝他们援救顺利与好运

L boss
As a Korean I want to thank you all foryour respect and condolences

作为韩国人我想感谢你们的尊重和安慰

Edo ga wa
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of theFirst Off the Sinking Ship
you have to wonder why did they told every oneto stay where they are at while the captain and crew escaped without callingfor help
they obviously know help isn't comingbecause they didn't call for any.. they obviously know the boat was going tosink, that's why they escaped..
it feels almost like they don't want every oneto rush out so they'll have a better chance of escaping..

韩国船长是首个逃下沉船的人
你肯定要奇怪为什么他让所有人呆在船上而自己却不寻求帮助的离开了
他们显然知道不会有人来援救的,因为没有发出求救信号,他们显然知道船要下沉了,这就是他们逃跑的原因
我觉得他们就是不想有人跑出来,这样他们逃跑的机率更加大了

buck_ sa tan  
This story is making me feel real badinside. Kids, man, kids.

这个故事让我内心太难过了,这么多孩子

An n nd x1
Fuck this makes me so frustrated.
I don't even know how to express it intowords, those innocent kids listened to the fucking captain commands of stayinginside the ship then he leaves to save his own life.
Imagine how the children felt as theywaited for help, but ultimately for their own deaths. How the parents of thosechildren felt feeling so helpless wanting to do any thing in their power torescue them.
That captain is a fucking coward, where thefuck is his dignity. He values his life over 280 children's lives who are aboutto die because of him.
This is un believable, I can't even fathomhow he could do something like this. They're fucking children man, they trustedyou with their lives.

该死这让我太沮丧了
我都不知道怎么用言语表达了,这些无辜的孩子听了这个操蛋船长的指挥然后呆在船上,而船长自己却逃跑了
想象一下孩子们等待救援的样子,等待的却只能是死亡,这些孩子的家长该有多么的绝望
这个船长就是个懦夫,他的自尊在哪里,他把自己的生命看的比280个孩子还要重要,就因为自己的行为
这太不可思议了,我无法想象他会做出这样的事情,他们是孩子啊,他们用自己的生命来相信了你的话

Ald helm l
At least he was just incompetent and acoward.

至少他就是一个无能的懦夫

Asian In The Hood  
I can't imagine how the families arefeeling at this moment... I hope each and one of the people get rescued...

我无法想象家人此刻的心情,我希望大家都能获救

De caf_ Engineer  
470 people onboard. Two and a half hours tosink. At a paltry rate of 3 people per minute, every one could have made it outsafely. So many things have to fail and go wrong for 2/3 of the passengers tolose their lives, and it all starts with the captain.

船上有470人,有两个半小时的时间,大概每分钟可以救三个人,每个人都可以安全逃离的,有很多事情都失败了使得有三分之二的人要失去生命,而这都是因为船长

Interrupting sound l
I teach in South Korea. My students are ontheir way to Jeju today as well, but luckily they are flying.

我在韩国教书,我的学生今天也去济州岛,但幸运的是他们坐的飞机

Your Average Poster  
There has been so much death in the newslately. This is beginning to be a bit too much to bear...

最近新闻里有太多的伤亡了,这让我有点承受不了了

B k R
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of theFirst Off the Sinking Ship
I have a feeling with all the guilt,disgrace, and shame the ferry captain is going to end up killing him self.

韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人
我又预感船长会因为内疚耻辱而自杀的

C m kim
What a piece of shit

真是一个垃圾

Cats_ in_ Outer_ Spac
This is really upsetting, and I can noteven imagine what the poor families are going through right now.
Despite this, C N N is still primarilycovering the Malaysian flight. Is that really the most pressing news right now?

这真的太让人不安了,我甚至都无法想象孩子的家人要怎么度过
尽管如此,C N N还是在报道马来西亚飞机事件,这真的是目前最紧急的事情吗?

Mr X hin
Is there no training for ferry captains thesedays?

如今的船长都不用培训吗

Ferdinan do Falkland[S]  
Training, sure. Honor, ethics, sense ofduty? May be not so much...

当然有培训,尊敬,道德,责任感?可能没有

left_ click now
That captain deserves a knife to slice hisown throat that son of a bitch.

那个船长就应该拿把刀自己割喉自尽,真是婊子

Kar thus Wins  
On the anniversary of the Titanic's sinkingno less.

这就是泰坦尼克号的纪念日

Stone Cold Carl
S. Korean Ferry Captain Was One of theFirst Off the Sinking Ship
Bull shit. The first thing he did wasfucking dry his money in his wallet when he got off the boat. He doesn't careabout any one except him self and his wallet.

韩国船长是首个逃出沉船的人
狗屎,首先他做的是下船之后晒干自己的钱包
他只关心自己和自己的钱包

Merk merk l
Any confirmation of this or is it just arumor? Seems highly unlikely.

这是真的还是谣言?看起来有点不真实

Fake pizza
When are they going to update the deathcount? It's been two days and it's +250 plus people, probably.

他们什么时候会更新死亡人数?已经过去两天了还有250多人呢可能

Dok tor ma buse  
A captain is supposed to be the last personleaving a sinking ship, not the first!

船长应该是最后一个离开船的,不是第一个!

Max Power_ Doh Nuts  
I hope they are successful with the rescueoperation and all passengers make it out alive.

我希望他们能够成功营救,所有乘客都能获救

Edo ga wa
Officials have said Mr. Lee, who has beencriticized for being among the first to leave the ship, could face criminalcharges. hope this guy gets death penalty.

警方称第一批逃下船只的LeeJun- seok可能面临刑事指控,希望这家伙能够获得死刑

Des mon duz
there is no death penalty in S. Korea

韩国没有死刑

Funky toe 4ply  
There are death penalty in South Korea.It just that they rarely use it.

韩国有死刑的,只是很少使用罢了

Capy tan n Hook
That man has single handedly possiblycaused the deaths of several hundred people through negligence and poordecision making. He's a fucking coward and deserves, y e a h i said it,deserves the death penalty.

这家伙以自己一己之力的错误决策可能造成了数百人的死亡,他就是懦夫,应该获得死刑

Lons da leite  
Can you imagine being the Captain, knowingall those high- school kids were still in their room after you told them to gothere, and then getting O F F the ship?! Throw this cowardly dog to the parentsor better y e t put him back on the boat.

你能想象作为船长,知道这些高中孩子还在船上,却告诉他们呆在那里自己却下船了?!把这种懦弱的狗扔到家长面前,或者再放回船上吧

Bao Bao Pocket
I guess I have to be that guy... butwho/where do I donate money to for this?

我觉得自己应该成为那个人,但我应该捐款给谁呢?
这个船长是马航机长附体了吧。
连死的人数都一样。
有什么可指责的
这个船长的行为是有情可原的
在这个船长的体内
跟定有中 国生产的零件
所以才会做出这种行为
这个船长的心脏可能是华为生产的
这个船长的肺脏可能是中兴生产的
这个船长的胃脏可能是三一重工生产的
这个船长的肝脏可能是中联重工生产的
这个船长的胆囊可能是海尔生产的
这个船长的脾脏可能是一汽集团生产的
这个船长的脑子可能是双汇集团生产的
领导已经安全了,大家放心吧
韩版……让领导先走
孩子们,你们在船舱里不要动,让领导先下船
让开,让领导先。来自: Android客户端
qiangmingguofen 发表于 2014-4-19 09:26
有什么可指责的
这个船长的行为是有情可原的
在这个船长的体内
超大又来教主.教主你好,教主去死
我也来阴谋论一把:会不会是想拿船长当替死鬼?
韩国的这些机长船长素质真够尼玛的!!!
超大又来教主.教主你好,教主去死
不要误伤好同志
yxy123 发表于 2014-4-19 09:53
不要误伤好同志
我没误伤它啊,你认清楚,它是教主错不了
gegemmm9 发表于 2014-4-19 09:17
这个船长是马航机长附体了吧。
这个比喻有创意。
有什么可指责的
这个船长的行为是有情可原的
在这个船长的体内

请上二楼     
qiangmingguofen 发表于 2014-4-19 09:26
有什么可指责的
这个船长的行为是有情可原的
在这个船长的体内
胡咧咧,胡咧咧。
船出事了那么长时间,如果船长积极组织逃生,他自己最后未必活不了!可是他没有,呵呵……来自: Android客户端
一船的孩子啊, 确实让人心痛,对死难者及其家属表示同情和哀悼。同时强烈谴责那只忘记为人原则的船长。
我没误伤它啊,你认清楚,它是教主错不了
你的意思是它体内有俩二极管脱焊了?
yxy123 发表于 2014-4-19 10:03
你的意思是它体内有俩二极管脱焊了?
这个我就不清楚了,但它不常叫两下估计它是拿不到狗粮的.
韩国版的让XX先走
按照拼音发音,这人叫李忠孝?
zczfr 发表于 2014-4-19 09:32
韩版……让领导先走
让领导先走的事情已经被证伪了。
真心是 垃圾啊,这船 本来死不了那么多人, 但是 船上广播要大家待在原地…  然后这个船长自己 , 遇险十分钟就跑了~   这就是 谋杀啊!  应该恢复 凌迟!
这人没底线的~
kokkok007 发表于 2014-4-19 10:30
韩国版的让XX先走
让领导先走是记者的移花接木,那些人早就没有节操了。
这就是素质
韩不是在调查这名船长了么?
太脑残了,让我怀疑他是不是故意的.
已批捕包括船长在内的三个船务员,按法规船长可能获无期徒刑
这人是个奇葩,典型猥琐流
超大又来教主.教主你好,教主去死
他的意思是除了脑子是猪脑子,其他器官都刚刚的。。。读文字要用心,语文课要认真听。
奉天成仁 发表于 2014-4-19 12:21
他的意思是除了脑子是猪脑子,其他器官都刚刚的。。。读文字要用心,语文课要认真听。
不明白你说这话是啥意思,请用你的脑子想想,他是不是教主
韩版范跑跑。
不明白你说这话是啥意思,请用你的脑子想想,他是不是教主
还是那句话。。好好学习语文。。
奉天成仁 发表于 2014-4-19 19:16
还是那句话。。好好学习语文。。
这是多少:
这个船重心好高,这船长肯定是内行
海难中“妇孺优先”是空话
http://photo.haiwainet.cn/GB/456350/index.html

4月16日,载有475名乘客的“岁月号“客轮在韩国西南海域沉没。船长李准锡因为不待乘客离开,就先乘坐救援船自行逃生,成为了舆论炮轰的对象。长期以来,人们普遍认为“妇孺优先”的规范让女性和儿童在遭遇海难时拥有更高的生还率。并且,船长和船员也将生的机会留给乘客,自己则勇敢地面对死亡。但实际上这种“海上骑士精神”在现实中并不存在。

泰坦尼克号式的“海上骑士精神”只是特例

这一幕让很多人想起电影《泰坦尼克号》里的老船长爱德华·约翰·史密斯。史密斯为拒绝同伴帮助离开船只,将自己关在驾驶舱中,坚忍地等待着他和泰坦尼克号一起下沉葬身海底。

作为历史上被报道次数最多的事件之一,“泰坦尼克”号几乎获得神话一样的地位。很多人认为这场海难发生后的撤离过程是海上骑士精神的一个典范。当时,男人选择最后撤离,让妇女和儿童首先登上救生艇。在这场海难事件中,共有 1514 人遇难, 710 人生还。其中超过 70% 的妇女生还了,儿童的生还比率也超过 50%,但男性存活的比例只有 20%。许多人因此认为发生海难时“妇孺优先”的原则应该是条不成文的规矩。

不过,很可能泰坦尼克号只是一个特例。经济学家米凯尔·埃林德尔(Mikael Elinder)和奥斯卡·埃里克森(Oscar Erixson)在这个问题上就较了个真,他们对他们对过去 3 个世纪的 18 起海难事故做了调查和统计。结果表明,海难事故中普遍不存在妇孺先走的事,逃生率最高的是船员,其次是男性乘客。当帮助他人将大大提高自己的死亡风险时,绝大多数人会选择先救自己,毕竟人人都会计算收益和成本。




(事实上泰坦尼克号上头等舱乘客的生还率就远远高于其他舱)图表来自维基百科

统计表明不存在“妇孺优先”反而是船员和船长生还几率最高

海难中“妇孺优先”真的存在吗?答案其实没有那么显然。为了弄清真相,两位经济学家埃林德尔和埃里克森查看了1852 年至 2011 年的所有海难,将近 300 年来发生过成千上万起的海难,要从中选出可以用来统计和分析的样本并不容易。为了得到合适的样本,埃林德尔和埃里克森制定了如下 4 个选取标准: 1. 海难事件必须是在和平时期发生的。 2. 遭遇海难的必须是客船。 3. 要有一定数量的生还者,全部获救或者无人获救的情况不符合条件。 4. 海难后男女生还比例等数据要有明确的记载。

需要注意的是,旅客生还名单(也就是数据)大部分情况下很难获得,例如许多国家压根就没有这方面的记录。另一方面,由于语言不通,许多海难事件也很难统计。这些因素导致了最终可以拿来作样本的海难事故数量较少,并且绝大多数都是英美船只失事的案例。



(根据上面提到的标准,埃林德尔和埃里克森查最终选取了 18 起海难作为样本。这些海难涉30多个国家的船员和乘客,遇难者人数超过 1.5 万人。)

统计结果表明,女性的生还率明显低于男性,船长和船员的生还率则明显高于乘客。由于种种原因,泰坦尼克号是一个特例——在总共 18 起被统计的海难事故中,它当时的妇女和儿童生还比例远远高于平均水平。不过特例终究是特例,根据统计数据,埃林德尔和埃里克森得到了如下几个普遍性的结论:




乘客与船员的幸存率(儿童幸存率仅适用于9起样本沉船事件)


海难中妇女不存在生还优势。 在这 18 起海难中,只有 2 起事故女性存在生还比例优势:Birkenhand和泰坦尼克号。但统计表明,随着性别平等程度的提高,女性自救的能力越来越强,第一次世界大战后之后,无论是男性还是女性,生还的比例都有所上升(可能源于游泳技巧的训练增强、轮船逃生设备的准备增加等),而且男女之间的生还比例差异降低了近 1/3。船员有生还优势。 在统计的 18 起海难中,有 9 起的船员生还可能性高于其他乘客,而另外 9 起中,船员和乘客的生还可能性也没有显著差别。

如果船长下达了“妇女优先”的命令,女性生还的可能性会增大。 如果船长严格奉行妇女和儿童优先逃生的原则,女性的生还率确实会提高,比没有遵循这一原则时高出7.3%。可见在灾难事故发生之时,一个有权威的领导者的态度可能会直接影响人们的行为。

除此之外,还有其他一些有意思的结论,例如经常被赞有绅士风度的英国男士,在海难中可没有那么绅士,当遭遇海难的英国籍游船中,女性的生还比例反而降低了 15% 左右。此外,曾有研究认为,短时间内,求生者呈现出本能的欲望;而在长时间内,社会道德却是起主要作用,但这篇论文否定了这个观点。总的来说,统计结果可以用“大难临头各自飞”概括。埃林德尔和埃里克森总结到,海难发生时大家都是“人人为己”,妇孺优先基本上是句空话。

要说的是,两位经济学家的这个研究算不上无懈可击。最大的问题恐怕就是样本量较小。18 起事故中如果有一例由于某些特殊原因而导致男女生还比例差距过大,就会给最终的统计结果带来很大的波动。并且这些样本还不是随机挑选的,研究人员采用的大多是英美两国的沉船事故,有一定的局限性,很可能其他地区的情况和这个研究的统计结果就有所区别。

不过总的来说,这依然是个很有意思的统计。除了解答了过往的海难事故中不存在妇女先走这回事,还昭示了随着技术和时代的进步,男女生还比例的差距正在缩小这一积极信号。或许在未来某一天,救生设备和技术都发展成熟、人们面对紧急情况的准备更充足之后,当海难来临,人们在从容不迫地撤离现场的同时,让妇孺优先也并非不可能的事。



我觉得“理性人”假设是诱导下一代人生观的重要因素。
death penalty-----应该判死刑,这样,才有威慑力,反正都是死,还是死得像个英雄比较有价值,而且,还可以救起那么多生命.
co_bill 发表于 2014-4-19 09:26
领导已经安全了,大家放心吧
你的幽默和批判力同样棒.
有什么可指责的
这个船长的行为是有情可原的
在这个船长的体内

吃過瘦肉精的豬腦